RESUMO
An increasing number of systematic reviews (SR) has investigated the association between dental caries and nutritional status in children and adolescents, thus requiring an overview to compile the information in a single piece of evidence. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate and summarize evidence from published SR on the association between dental caries and nutritional status in children and adolescents. A wide search was conducted on May 29, 2023, in six databases (Medline via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane library, Embase, and the Virtual Health Library - VHL). An additional search was performed in the gray literature (Open grey and Google Scholar), SR registration databases, and the list of references of the included SR. Our inclusion criteria were based on acronym PECOS. Overall, two reviewers independently extracted the data, evaluated the risk of bias (ROBIS), and assessed the quality of the chosen studies (AMSTAR-2). Data from the included meta-analysis were summarized and certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach was performed. After removing duplicates and applying our eligibility criteria, 19 SR from 2006-2022 were included. We found that 17 SR showed high risk of bias and critically low methodological quality. We observed an association between dental caries experiences and nutritional status since seven SR found an association between obesity/overweight and dental caries; one, an association between underweight and dental caries; and eleven, no associations. The meta-analysis showed divergent results according to the study designs, used indices, and participants' age group, and were scored as having a very low certainty of evidence. Therefore, based on the high risk of bias, low methodological quality, and very low certainty of evidence of the chosen SR, most studies found no association between children and adolescents' nutritional status and dental caries experience.
Assuntos
Cárie Dentária , Adolescente , Criança , Humanos , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Estado Nutricional , Revisões Sistemáticas como Assunto , Metanálise como AssuntoRESUMO
Abstract An increasing number of systematic reviews (SR) has investigated the association between dental caries and nutritional status in children and adolescents, thus requiring an overview to compile the information in a single piece of evidence. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate and summarize evidence from published SR on the association between dental caries and nutritional status in children and adolescents. A wide search was conducted on May 29, 2023, in six databases (Medline via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane library, Embase, and the Virtual Health Library - VHL). An additional search was performed in the gray literature (Open grey and Google Scholar), SR registration databases, and the list of references of the included SR. Our inclusion criteria were based on acronym PECOS. Overall, two reviewers independently extracted the data, evaluated the risk of bias (ROBIS), and assessed the quality of the chosen studies (AMSTAR-2). Data from the included meta-analysis were summarized and certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach was performed. After removing duplicates and applying our eligibility criteria, 19 SR from 2006-2022 were included. We found that 17 SR showed high risk of bias and critically low methodological quality. We observed an association between dental caries experiences and nutritional status since seven SR found an association between obesity/overweight and dental caries; one, an association between underweight and dental caries; and eleven, no associations. The meta-analysis showed divergent results according to the study designs, used indices, and participants' age group, and were scored as having a very low certainty of evidence. Therefore, based on the high risk of bias, low methodological quality, and very low certainty of evidence of the chosen SR, most studies found no association between children and adolescents' nutritional status and dental caries experience.
RESUMO
Polymorphisms in genes encoding the enzymes involved in the metabolism of homocysteine, such as methionine synthase (MTR) and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR), play an important function in the metabolism of folic acid and vitamin B12. The present study aimed to evaluate the association of polymorphisms in genes MTR (rs1805087) and MTRR (rs1801394) with susceptibility of early childhood caries (ECC) and with body mass index alterations. A cross-sectional study was performed in 488 children aged from 2 to 6 years from 25 public day care centers in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Demographic data and oral health habits were obtained through a questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements and caries experience data were collected by 2 examiners (κ = 0.80). Genotyping of the selected polymorphisms was carried out by TaqMan real-time PCR using genomic DNA extracted from buccal cells. Allele and genotype frequencies were compared between groups with and without disease. The t test, χ2 test, odds ratio, Pearson correlation tests, and logistic regression analysis were used (p ≤ 0.05). The mean white spot lesion score was 1.18 (±2.57) in normal weight children and 2.50 (±3.87) in underweight children (p = 0.05). For MTRR polymorphisms, significant differences were observed for allele and genotype frequency distributions between caries-free and caries-affected children (p = 0.03 and 0.04 for allele and genotype frequencies, respectively) and in the genotype frequencies between normal weight and underweight children (p = 0.04). Our results suggest an association between underweight and ECC; in addition it is suggested that MTRR is a common genetic risk factor for ECC and underweight.
Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/genética , Ferredoxina-NADP Redutase/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Magreza/genética , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors might be involved in enamel formation. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the association between polymorphisms in MMP2, MMP3, MMP9, MMP20, TIMP1, and TIMP2 with white spot lesions (WSL) and early childhood caries (ECC). DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was performed on 786 children aged from 2 to 6 years in Brazil. After clinical evaluation, they were classified into groups with disease (the presence of WSL and/or ECC) and without disease (the absence of WSL or ECC). Genotyping of the selected polymorphisms was carried out with TaqMan real-time PCR, using genomic DNA extracted from buccal cells. Allele and genotype frequencies were compared between groups. Chi-square test, odds ratio (OR), and logistic regression were used (P ≤ 0.05). RESULTS: The dmft score was 1.3 (SD: 2.4), and 41.34% of the children have at least one caries lesion. In MMP9, the GG genotype was more frequent in the group without disease (P = 0.006). In a recessive model, WSL was associated with the marker rs1711437 in MMP20 (P = 0.019; OR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.02-1.42). The marker rs1784418 in MMP20 showed an association between the allele G distribution for the WSL group (P = 0.020; OR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.55-0.96). CONCLUSION: MMP9 and MMP20 are involved in WSL and ECC development.
Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/genética , Metaloproteinases da Matriz/genética , Inibidor Tecidual de Metaloproteinase-1/genética , Inibidor Tecidual de Metaloproteinase-2/genética , Alelos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , DNA/genética , Cárie Dentária/enzimologia , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Genótipo , Humanos , Isoenzimas , Masculino , Mucosa Bucal , Polimorfismo Genético , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
A técnica da abrasão ultrassônica é realizada com o uso de pontas CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition), que são formadas através da união química da peça única do diamante à haste metálica, acopladas ao aparelho de ultrassom. Assim, o corte do esmalte e da dentina é feito por oscilação dessas pontas diamantadas e não por ação mecânica, o que promove um desgaste preciso e um preparo conservador da cavidade. Essa técnica proporciona inúmeras vantagens para o profissional e para o paciente, pois diminui a sensação de barulho, pressão, vibração e calor, além de possibilitar um tratamento sem anestesia local e apenas com uso de isolamento relativo, tendo uma boa aceitação pelos pacientes, destacando-se, assim, como aspecto de grande relevância na odontopediatria, para o preparo cavitário. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo descrever um caso clínico utilizando a técnica de abrasão ultrassônica para o preparo cavitário nos dentes 51 e 61 acometidos por lesão cariosa, de um paciente de 04 anos, abordando os aspectos positivos e negativos relacionados a essa técnica
The technique of ultrasonic abrasion is carried out using tips CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition), which areformed by the chemical union of one piece of diamond to metal rod coupled to the ultrasonic device. Thus, the cut enamel and dentin is done by oscillation of these diamond burs and not by mechanical action, which promotes an accurate wear and a conservative cavity preparation. This technique provides numerous advantages for the professional and the patient, because it reduces the sensation of noise, pressure, vibration and heat, besides enabling a treatment without local anesthesia and only with the use of relative isolation, with good acceptance by patients, highlighting was thus as an aspect of great relevance in pediatric dentistry for cavity preparation. This paper aims to describe a clinical case using the technique of ultrasonic abrasion for cavity preparation in teeth 51 and 61 affected by carious lesion of a patient of 04 years, addressing the positive and negative aspects to this technique
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pré-Escolar , Abrasão Dentária , Cárie Dentária , Preparo da Cavidade Dentária , Criança , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play an important role during the initial process of enamel development and therefore may play a role in caries susceptibility. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between the polymorphisms in the BMP2, BMP4 and BMP7 genes and their association with caries experience and primary enamel microhardness characteristics. DNA from buccal cells as well as clinical and demographic information from 1,731 subjects from three different data sets from Brazil were included. Polymorphisms in BMP2, BMP4 and BMP7 were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction from genomic DNA. Association between caries experience, genotype, and allele distribution in both cohorts was evaluated using χ(2) and logistic regression analyses. In the family-based set, the association between caries experience and alleles was tested using the transmission disequilibrium test. In the Rio de Janeiro cohort, microhardness data on 108 exfoliated primary teeth before and after demineralization and remineralization challenges was included. Associations between microhardness values and genotype and allele distribution were evaluated using χ(2) and logistic regression analyses. Differences between caries experience and some risk factors were statistically significant. In the cohort from Nova Friburgo, BMP2 was associated with caries experience in primary dentition during logistic regression analysis (p = 0.023; OR = 2.58; 95% CI 1.13-5.86). There was no association between genotype and allele distribution for BMP polymorphisms and primary enamel microhardness alterations. Our result suggests that BMP2 may be involved in caries experience in primary dentition from a Nova Friburgo cohort.
Assuntos
Proteína Morfogenética Óssea 2/genética , Índice CPO , Cárie Dentária/enzimologia , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Dente Decíduo/enzimologia , Adolescente , Proteína Morfogenética Óssea 4/genética , Proteína Morfogenética Óssea 7/genética , Brasil , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Coortes , Cárie Dentária/genética , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar/estatística & dados numéricos , Esmalte Dentário/anatomia & histologia , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Frequência do Gene/genética , Variação Genética/genética , Genótipo , Dureza , Humanos , Lactente , Desequilíbrio de Ligação/genética , Masculino , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Remineralização Dentária , Escovação Dentária/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to fine map the locus Xq25.1-27-2 in order to identify genetic contributors involved in low caries experience. DESIGN: Seventy-two families from the Philippines were studied. Caries experience was recorded and genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood was obtained from all subjects. One hundred and twenty-eight polymorphisms in the locus Xq25.1-27-2, a region that contains 24 genes, were genotyped. Association between caries experience and alleles was tested using the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT). This initial analysis was followed by experiments with DNA samples from 1481 subjects from Pittsburgh, 918 children from Brazil, and 275 children from Turkey in order to follow up the results found in the Filipino families. Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests were used. Sequencing of the coding regions and exon-intron boundaries of MST4 and FGF13 were also performed on 91 women from Pittsburgh. RESULTS: Statistically significant association with low caries experience was found for 11 markers in Xq25.1-27-2 in the Filipino families. One marker was in MST4, another marker was in FGF13, and the remaining markers were in intergenic regions. Haplotype analysis also confirmed these results, but the follow up studies with DNA samples from Pittsburgh, Brazil, and Turkey showed associations for a subset of the 11 markers. No coding mutations were identified by sequencing. CONCLUSIONS: Our study failed to conclusively demonstrate that genetic factors in Xq25.1-27-2 contribute to caries experience in multiple populations.
Assuntos
Cromossomos Humanos X/genética , Cárie Dentária/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Alelos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Éxons , Feminino , Marcadores Genéticos , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Genótipo , Haplótipos , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pennsylvania/epidemiologia , Fenótipo , Filipinas/epidemiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Fatores Sexuais , Turquia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality-of-life of students in Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, who suffered traumatic dental injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case-control study was carried out by means of structured questionnaire for traumatic dental injury evaluation, clinical oral examination and application of a quality-of-life questionnaire (CPQ11-14), validated in the Portuguese version. This study consisted of 50 children/adolescents (17 cases of traumatic dental injury and 33 controls). Psychometric properties, like internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha) and test-re-test reliability (ICC), were evaluated. The independent variables were collected for being of interest to the study (dental trauma) or for acting as potential confounding factors (malocclusion, caries). Descriptive and univariate analyses were performed. RESULTS: The Cronbach's Alpha was 0.90 for case and 0.77 for controls. ICC was 0.99. When the groups were compared, confounding factors showed no statistical difference (p > 0.05). Among the cases CPQ11-14 mean score was 17.59 (SD = 14.01), median = 17.00, whereas among the controls it was 3.09 (SD = 4.42), median = 1.00 (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test). When the groups were compared, there was statistical difference frequencies between CPQ11-14 total scale and sub-scales (p < 0.05). The functional limitation and emotional well-being were the sub-scales most affected. The TDI impact was related to 'delay and difficulty in chewing', 'embarrassed or ashamed' and 'caring about what others were thinking of appearance'. CONCLUSIONS: One can observe a relationship between traumatic dental injury and its impact on quality-of-life. Children and adolescents who suffered traumatic dental injury showed negative experiences and greater functional and emotional impact.
Assuntos
Qualidade de Vida , Traumatismos Dentários/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Humanos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Traumatismos Dentários/psicologiaRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of three oral health indicators in monitoring a Program, compare them with each other and select the most indicated in epidemiological surveys. A dental plaque index, interdental bleeding index, and saliva test were used to evaluate 325 children (6.1 to 11.3 years-old). The results indicated a decrease in all indexes (p < 0.001). The indicators were effective although the saliva test was simpler and faster than the other indexes.
Assuntos
Promoção da Saúde , Saúde Bucal , Brasil/epidemiologia , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Criança , Índice de Placa Dentária , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Índice Periodontal , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Saliva/microbiologia , Estatísticas não ParamétricasRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to implement an Oral Health Promotion Program (OHPP) and check its effectiveness using different indicators at two different times (birth to 10 months after the OHPP). The sample consisted of 325 healthy children (6.1 and 11.3 years old). The results indicated that there was a statistically significant reduction measured by the three indicators (p<0.001). The effectiveness of the OHPP was positive and clearly shown by the oral health indicators used.