RESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Hearing loss ranks third among the health conditions that involve disability-adjusted life years. Hearing aids are the most commonly used treatment option in people with hearing loss. However, a number of auditory rehabilitation programmes have been developed with the aim of improving communicative abilities in people with hearing loss. The objective of this review was to determine the effectiveness of auditory rehabilitation programmes focused on communication strategies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a narrative revision. A literature search using PUBMED was carried out. This search included systematic reviews investigating the effectiveness of auditory training and individual and group auditory rehabilitation programmes with the main focus on counselling and communicative strategies for adults with hearing loss. Each study was analysed in terms of the type of intervention used and the results obtained. RESULTS: Three articles were identified: one article about the effectiveness of auditory training programmes and 2 systematic reviews that investigated the effectiveness of communicative programmes in adults with hearing loss. The "Active Communication Education" programme appears to be an effective group programme of auditory rehabilitation that may be used with older Spanish-speaking adults. CONCLUSIONS: The utility of hearing aid fitting and communicative programmes as rehabilitation options are associated with improvements in social participation and quality of life in patients with hearing loss, especially group auditory rehabilitation programmes, which seem to have good potential for reducing activity limitations and social participation restrictions, and thus for improving patient quality of life.
Assuntos
Auxiliares de Audição , Perda Auditiva/reabilitação , Adulto , Idoso , Comunicação , Humanos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Introducción: La hipoacusia es una condición prevalente en adultos mayores. Sin embargo, la baja adherencia al uso del audífono representa una realidad. Objetivo: Evaluar la utilidad de un programa de intervención para mejorar adherencia en pacientes con hipoacusia mayores de 65 años usuarios de audífono. Material y método: Ensayo clínico aprobado por Comité de Ética. Se incluyeron pacientes beneficiarios del GES de hipoacusia. Se evaluó adherencia al audífono en un corte a 6 meses. Resultados: Fueron evaluados 180 pacientes, correspondiendo a 90 pacientes control y 90 intervenidos. La adherencia global al uso del audífono fue de 78%. No hubo diferencia en los grupos por sexo, edad, ni grado de hipoacusia. El promedio de horas diarias de uso en el grupo control fue de 6,9 horas, comparado con el del grupo intervenido que fue 9,6 horas (p <0,0001). Hubo una asociación significativa entre la intervención y la regularidad del uso del audífono, con 80% de pacientes que lo usaban regularmente en el grupo intervenido contra el 8,9% en el grupo control (p <0,001). Discusión: La intervención implementada ha demostrado excelentes resultados preliminares en términos de tiempo de uso del audífono, por lo que sería de utilidad implementaria como parte de la política GES y difundir su uso.
Introduction: Hearing loss is a prevalent condition in elderly population. However, the low adherence to hearing aids is a fact. Aim: To evaluate the utility of a standardized counselling program in elderly patients with hearing loss. Material and methods: A clinical trial was carried out, approved by the Hospital ethics committee. Patients with 65years and older with hearing loss were included. We assessed adherence at a follow-up of 6 months. Results: 180 patients were evaluated, corresponding to 90 control and 90 rehabilitated patients. The overall adherence of hearing aids use was 78%. There was no difference in sex, age, and level of hearing loss between groups. The average daily hours of use in the control group was 6.9 hours, compared with the 9.6 hours in the intervention group (p <0.0001). There was a significant association between the intervention and regular hearing aid use, with 80% of patients who used it regularly in the intervention group compared with 8.9% in the control group (p <0.001). Discussion: The intervention implemented has shown excellent preliminary results in terms of time of use of the hearing aid. It would be useful to include this intervention in the hearing loss national public policy.