RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To identify the demographic characteristics, risk factors and motivations for donating among blood donors with reactive serologic tests for syphilis. BACKGROUND: Post-donation interviews with syphilis seropositive blood donors improve recruitment and screening strategies. METHODS: This case-control study compares 75 Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) > 8, EIA+ (enzyme immunoassay) and FTA-ABS+ (fluorescent treponemal antibody); 80 VDRL-, EIA+ and FTA-ABS+; and 34 VDRL- and EIA- donors between 2004 and 2009. Donors were assessed by their demographic characteristics, sexual behaviour, history of alcohol and illicit drugs use, and motivations to donate. RESULTS: Donors with VDRL > 8 were more likely to be divorced [AOR = 12·53; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·30-120·81], to have had more than six sexual partners (AOR=7·1; 95% CI 1·12-44·62) and to report male-male-sex in the past 12 months (AOR=8·18; 95% CI 1·78-37·60). Donors with VDRL-, EIA+ and FTA-ABS+ were less likely to be female (AOR=0·26; 95% CI 0·07-0·96), more likely to be older (AOR=10·2; 95% CI 2·45-42·58 ≥ 39 and <60 years old) and to have had more than six sexual partners in the past 12 months (AOR = 8·37; 95% CI 1·49-46·91). There was no significant difference among groups regarding illicit drugs use; 30·7% (VDRL > 8) and 12·5% (VDRL-, EIA+ and FTA-ABS+) of donors reported that they had been at risk for HIV infection (P = 0·004). One-third of donors came to the blood bank to help a friend or a relative who needed blood. CONCLUSION: Although donors exposed to syphilis reported and recognised some high risk behaviour, most were motivated by direct appeal to donate blood. Monitoring the risk profile of blood donors can benefit public health and improve blood safety.
Assuntos
Doadores de Sangue , Seleção do Doador/métodos , Motivação , Sífilis/sangue , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Brasil/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Assunção de Riscos , Sífilis/epidemiologiaRESUMO
The presence of Treponema pallidum DNA was assessed by real-time PCR in samples of blood donors with reactive serologic tests for syphilis. Treponema pallidum DNA was detected in two (1·02%) of 197 samples of VDRL>8, EIA+ and FTA-ABS+ donors, and in no sample from 80 VDRL−, EIA+ and FTA-ABS+ donors. Donors VDRL−, EIA+ and FTA-ABS+ lack demonstrable T. pallidum DNA in their blood and are unlike to transmit syphilis. Donors VDRL>8, EIA+ and FTA-ABS+ carry the risk of syphilis infectivity even in concomitance to antibodies detection. Serologic screening for syphilis may still play a role to prevent its transfusion transmission.
Assuntos
Doadores de Sangue , DNA Bacteriano/sangue , Sífilis/epidemiologia , Treponema pallidum/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Programas de Rastreamento , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Sífilis/sangue , Sífilis/prevenção & controle , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The prevalence of small ruminant lentivirus (SRL) infection was evaluated in goats and sheep in two counties of Pernambuco State, Brasil. Seriological examinations were performed from a total of 672 goats and 325 sheep, one year of age and older, at two abattoirs. Sera were analyzed by agar gel immunodiffusion using Maedi-Visna K-1514 antigens. There were 42 reactive samples (95% confidence interval 3.6% to 4.9%) in both slaughter houses. In São Lourenço da Mata county, 3.2% and 4.0% of goat and sheep sera were responsive, whereas in Paulista county, 5.1% of goat samples and 8.2% of sheep were reactive. Thus, the prevalence of small ruminant lentivirus was low in goats and sheep sampled from the region.(AU)
Assuntos
Lentivirus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Lentivirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Lentivirus/veterinária , Anticorpos Antivirais/isolamento & purificação , Ovinos , CabrasRESUMO
The prevalence of small ruminant lentivirus (SRL) infection was evaluated in goats and sheep in two counties of Pernambuco State, Brasil. Seriological examinations were performed from a total of 672 goats and 325 sheep, one year of age and older, at two abattoirs. Sera were analyzed by agar gel immunodiffusion using Maedi-Visna K-1514 antigens. There were 42 reactive samples (95 percent confidence interval 3.6 percent to 4.9 percent) in both slaughter houses. In São Lourenço da Mata county, 3.2 percent and 4.0 percent of goat and sheep sera were responsive, whereas in Paulista county, 5.1 percent of goat samples and 8.2 percent of sheep were reactive. Thus, the prevalence of small ruminant lentivirus was low in goats and sheep sampled from the region.