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INTRODUCTION We investigated the association between demographic and behavioral factors and non-adherence to antimalarial therapy. METHODS A demographic questionnaire and 5-item self-reported questionnaire regarding non-adherence were completed by 135 patients after treatment for Plasmodium vivax. RESULTS Treatment interruption, but not demographic factors, was significantly associated with non-adherence to therapy. The likelihood of non-adherence was 5.16 times higher when the patients felt better than when they felt worse. The relative risk of parasitic resurgence was 3.04 times higher in non-adherent patients. CONCLUSIONS Treatment interruption is significantly associated with treatment adherence.
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Antimaláricos/uso terapêutico , Cloroquina/uso terapêutico , Malária Vivax/tratamento farmacológico , Adesão à Medicação/estatística & dados numéricos , Primaquina/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , População Rural , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Objetivo: determinar os níveis de glutationa reduzida em pacientes com malária por Plasmodium vivax não complicada no decorrer do tratamento com cloroquina e primaquina. Método: estudo quantitativo longitudinal de casos em 62 sujeitos do sexo masculino com malária por Plasmodium vivax no estado do Pará de dezembro de 2010 a dezembro de 2012. A glutationa reduzida foi determinada por espectrofotometria visível, que baseou-se na sua capacidade de reduzir ácido -5,5-ditiobis-2-nitrobenzóico (DTNB) e ácido nitrobenzóico (TNB). Resultado: o nivel médio de glutationa reduzida em pacientes com malária (2,03+-1, rumol/ml) foi significativamente inferior aquele de voluntários saudáveis (3,42 +- 1,36 umol/ml). No decorrer do tratamento, houve diminuição significativa dos níveis de glutationa reduzida> Conclusão: Os níveis de glutationa reduzida em pacientes com malária por P. vivax antes da introdução da quimioterapia, foram significativamente inferiores aqueles de voluntários saudáveis pareados por idade. A administração de antimaláricos foi acompanhada pela redução dos níveis de glutationa reduzida.
Objective: determine the reduced glutathione levels in patients with uncomplicated malaria by Plasmodium vivax during the treatment with chloroquine and primaquine. Method: A longitudinal quantitative
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BACKGROUND: Creatine (Cr) supplementation has been widely used among athletes and physically active individuals. Secondary to its performance-enhancing ability, an increase in oxidative stress may occur, thus prompting concern about its use. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Cr monohydrate supplementation and resistance training on muscle strength and oxidative stress profile in healthy athletes. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled method was used to assess twenty-six male elite Brazilian handball players divided into 3 groups: Cr monohydrate supplemented group (GC, N = 9), placebo group (GP, N = 9), no treatment group (COT, N = 8) for 32 days. All subjects underwent a resistance training program. Blood samples were drawn on 0 and 32 days post Cr supplementation to analyze the oxidative stress markers, thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and uric acid. Creatine phosphokinase, urea, and creatinine were also analyzed, as well. Fitness tests (1 repetition maximum - 1RM and muscle endurance) were performed on the bench press. Body weight and height, body fat percentage (by measuring skin folds) and upper muscular area were also evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA. RESULTS: Only GC group showed increase in 1RM (54 ± 9 vs. 63 ± 10 kg; p = 0.0356) and uric acid (4.6 ± 1.0 vs. 7.4 ± 1.6 mg/dl; p = 0.025), with a decrease in TAS (1.11 ± 0.34 vs. 0.60 ± 0.19 mmol/l; p = 0.001). No differences (pre- vs. post-training) in TBARS, creatine phosphokinase, urea, creatinine, body weight and height, body fat percentage, or upper muscular area were observed in any group. When compared to COT, GC group showed greater decrease in TAS (-0.51 ± 0.36 vs. -0.02 ± 0.50 mmol/l; p = 0.0268), higher increase in 1RM (8.30 ± 2.26 vs. 5.29 ± 2.36 kg; p = 0.0209) and uric acid (2.77 ± 1.70 vs. 1.00 ± 1.03 mg/dl; p = 0.0276). CONCLUSION: We conclude that Cr monohydrate supplementation associated with a specific resistance program promoted a meaningful increase in muscle strength without inducing changes in body composition. The observed significant increase in uric acid and the decrease in TAS suggest that creatine supplementation, despite promoting acute effects on muscle strength improvement, might induce oxidative stress and decreases total antioxidant status of subjects.
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Determinar os teores deste alcalóide em suplementos energéticos comercializados nacidade de Belém,Pará. Método: realizou-se um estudo de pesquisa analítico por cromatografialíquida de alta eficiência com detecção no ultravioleta. Resultados: a concentração média decafeína nas amostras analisadas foi 19.2±18.8mg/10mL, com intervalo de 2.45 a 62.4mg/10mLe coeficiente de variação de 98%. Conclusão: os resultados deste estudo demonstraram que osteores de cafeína nos suplementos energéticos não representa riscos a saúde do consumidor,por outro lado indicaram a necessidade da intensificação das medidas regulatórias referentes arotulagem inadequada, composição e controle de qualidade dos componentes
to determine the caffeine contents of 30 samples of energy supplements from Belem, PA, to evaluate the safety of the human consumption. Method: Analysis of caffeine in energy supplements by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. Results:The mean concentration of caffeine in energy supplements was 19.2±18.8mg/10ml ranging from2.45 to 6.24mg/10mL. The variation coefficient was 98%. Conclusion: contents of energy supplements don?t represent a risk for human health, but regulatory approaches for the evaluation of composition and quality control are needs.
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Métodos quantitativos de análise do aciclovir por volumetria em meio não-aquoso são comparados com o método oficial. As propriedades anfotéricas do fármaco, devido aos dois valores de pKa da molécula, possibilitam sua determinação, tanto como ácido quanto como base fraca, com uso de indicadores, tais como cristal violeta, naftolbenzeína e azovioleta, desde que a matéria-prima seja devidamente dessecada pelo menos a 160°C, durante 2 horas. Os resultados obtidos indicam que os métodos avaliados são exatos e precisos, constituindo-se em alternativa para o método oficial.