RESUMO
The goal of the present study was to determine whether ACTH and progesterone have any effect on LH secretion and pulse frequency in recently castrated rams. Six 2-year-old Corriedale rams were castrated in the winter. The day before castration, blood samples were taken in order to establish the precastration LH levels. The rams were divided into an untreated group (group U: n = 2) and a treated group (group T: n = 4). The first treatment consisted of the i.v. administration of 0.5 mg of ACTH on day 20 post-castration, immediately after the first sample had been taken. During the second treatment, subcutaneous progesterone implants were given to group T for 5 days. Control samplings were performed one week before each treatment. Prior to castration, the testosterone levels were low, while after castration they were below the detection limit of the assay. Cortisol and progesterone concentrations were basal before castration in all of the animals and after castration in group U and also in the control samplings for group T. ACTH treatment caused a significant increase in both cortisol and progesterone levels for 3 h (P < 0.001). Progesterone implants raised progesterone levels in group T, but cortisol levels remained basal. Before castration, all animals had low LH levels and hardly any pulse activity was seen. After castration, both the number of LH pulses and the mean LH production increased significantly in all of the animals (P < 0.01). During the ACTH trial, LH pulse frequency was significantly reduced for the first 4 h following ACTH administration (P = 0.013), however, no such differences occurred in the prior control period. No effect was seen on mean LH concentration during the ACTH treatment. Progesterone treatment did not have any effect on either the number of LH pulses nor on LH concentrations (P > 0.05).
Assuntos
Hormônio Adrenocorticotrópico/farmacologia , Hormônio Luteinizante/metabolismo , Orquiectomia/veterinária , Progesterona/farmacologia , Ovinos/fisiologia , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/sangue , Anticorpos Monoclonais , Hidrocortisona/sangue , Hormônio Luteinizante/sangue , Masculino , Progesterona/sangue , Radioimunoensaio/veterinária , Testosterona/sangue , UruguaiRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To compare the therapeutic effectiveness of hydroxocobalamin and cyanocobalamin in patients with combined methylmalonic acidemia and homocystinuria. STUDY DESIGN: Analysis of urine methylmalonic acid, plasma homocystine, and growth of two unrelated patients with cobalamin C disease who were initially receiving cyanocobalamin and were subsequently switched to hydroxocobalamin. RESULTS: Each patient had a significant decrease in urine methylmalonic acid excretion while receiving cyanocobalamin, but levels remained at least 10 times normal. Cyanocobalamin treatment resulted in a decrease of plasma homocystine to near normal in one patient but had no effect on plasma homocystine in the second patient. Each patient was switched to hydroxocobalamin and urine methylmalonic acid levels decreased to the limit of detection. Plasma homocystine values while taking hydroxocobalamin remained < 5 nmol/ml in both patients. In patient 1, who continued to receive cyanocobalamin therapy for more than 1 year, growth rates (height, weight, and head circumference) were very poor. After initiation of hydroxocobalamin, growth parameters normalized with growth rates above normal. CONCLUSION: Intramuscular cyanocobalamin treatment is inadequate in the treatment of patients with cobalamin C disease. Appropriate management of cobalamin C disease should include only the hydroxocobalamin form of cobalamin.
Assuntos
Homocistina/sangue , Hidroxocobalamina/uso terapêutico , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo/tratamento farmacológico , Ácido Metilmalônico/metabolismo , Vitamina B 12/uso terapêutico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Crescimento , Homocistinúria/tratamento farmacológico , Homocistinúria/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo/sangue , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo/fisiopatologia , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo/urina , Ácido Metilmalônico/urinaRESUMO
To study the effect of nutrition on spring testicular growth, four adult Corriedale rams were allowed to graze enough to maintain weight (maintenance group), while another four rams, in addition to forage, received a supplemental grain-based ration (increased gradually from 100 to 400 g during the first 5 d and kept at 400 g thereafter) daily for 63 d (supplemented group). Body weight, scrotal circumference, inguinal hyperaemia and testicular consistency were assessed. Blood concentrations of LH and testosterone were measured for 24 h on the day before supplementation began, the day after the animals were fed 200 and 400 g, and 12 and 28 d after animals began to receive the supplement. On these occasions blood contents of non-esterified free fatty acid and beta-hydroxybutyrate were measured when animals were fasting. Supplemented feeding increased body weight within 21 d and scrotal circumference within 35 d (P < 0.01). Scrotal circumference also increased in rams of the maintenance group (P < 0.01) but a lower rate than the supplemented group (P < 0.001). In both groups, testicular consistency and inguinal hyperaemia increased (P < 0.01). In the supplemented group a transient increase (P < 0.01) in LH pulsatility occurred the day after rams had received the full supplement (400 g) and 5 d later (day 12). However, no difference was found in total testosterone release between groups. In conclusion, improved nutrition accelerated the testicular growth in spring, although only a transient increase in LH pulsatility was observed. The scrotal circumference of rams kept on maintenance diet did also increase, which indicates that nutrition is not the only environmental cue responsible for the vernal testicular redevelopment in Corriedale rams.
Assuntos
Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Animal , Dieta , Estações do Ano , Ovinos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Testículo/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ácido 3-Hidroxibutírico/sangue , Animais , Peso Corporal , Grão Comestível , Ácidos Graxos não Esterificados/sangue , Hormônio Luteinizante/metabolismo , Masculino , Periodicidade , Testículo/anatomia & histologia , Testosterona/metabolismoRESUMO
Three patients with nephropathic cystinosis and chronic renal disease, treated since early childhood with orally administered cysteamine, had an accelerated rate of rise of serum creatinine values after receiving recombinant human growth hormone. During 18 to 24 months of growth hormone treatment, each patient had a twofold to fourfold increase in growth velocity. The slope of the plot of reciprocal serum creatinine values versus age for each patient after growth hormone treatment was significantly steeper than the pretreatment slope. Growth hormone treatment had no effect on the rate of change of the uncorrected 24-hour renal creatinine clearance. We conclude that these patients gained body size but failed to compensate for their increased creatinine production with an increase in glomerular filtration rate. The result was an accelerated rate of rise of their serum creatinine values, hastening renal transplantation in one patient and the anticipated need for transplantation in another.