RESUMO
Lipids are a potential reservoir of energy for initial embryonic development before activation of the embryonic genome and are involved in plasma membrane biosynthesis. Excessive lipid droplet formation is detrimental to cryotolerance and is related to alterations in mitochondrial function, which likely affects lipid metabolism. Increased lipid accumulation in in vitro produced embryos is a consequence of the stress during in vitro embryonic development process. There are several open questions concerning embryo lipid metabolism and developmental potential. Oocyte maturation and embryo development in vivo and in vitro may vary if the donors are subjected to any type of stress before follicle puncture because crucial changes in oocyte/embryonic metabolism occur in response to stress. However, little is known about lipid metabolism under additional stress (such as heat stress). Therefore, in this review, we aimed to update the information regarding the energy metabolism of oocytes and early bovine embryos exhibiting developmental competence, focusing on lipid metabolic pathways observed under in vivo, in vitro, and stress conditions.
Assuntos
Técnicas de Maturação in Vitro de Oócitos , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Oócitos/metabolismo , Oogênese/genética , Animais , Blastocisto/metabolismo , Bovinos , Criopreservação , Células do Cúmulo/citologia , Células do Cúmulo/metabolismo , Feminino , Temperatura Alta , Humanos , Lipídeos/química , Camundongos , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Oócitos/citologia , Folículo Ovariano/metabolismo , Especificidade da Espécie , SuínosRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of increased shadow supply in integrated crop-livestock-forest systems on in vitro embryonic development and physiological parameters related to stress response in Nellore heifers (Bos indicus). For the study, animals (n = 16) were randomly divided into two groups and kept in areas with different afforestation systems, the integrated crop-livestock-forest (ICLF) and the integrated crop-livestock (ICL) system. The microclimate of the ICLF system provided better comfort conditions than ICL. No differences of respiratory rate, rectal temperature, cortisol, T3, T4, oocyte quality, and cleavage rate between the systems were verified. A higher blastocyst rate was observed in the ICLF (p < 0.05). The results demonstrate that Nellore heifers managed in ICLF during summer in Midwest of Brazil showed higher production of in vitro embryos, without typical changes in its physiological parameters. The results observed in the present study indicate that zebu females are able to respond satisfactorily to the intense heat conditions; however, we believe that the long period to which these animals are exposed to these conditions interferes in the oocyte competence and embryo development.
Assuntos
Bovinos/fisiologia , Embrião de Mamíferos/fisiologia , Fertilização in vitro/veterinária , Microclima , Animais , Desenvolvimento Embrionário , Feminino , Temperatura AltaRESUMO
O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o número de folículos, oócitos e a taxa de recuperação em ovelhas submetidas ao protocolo one-shot com ou sem priming ovariano de benzoato de estradiol (BE). Ovelhas não lactantes (n=33), multíparas, com idade média de cinco anos (intervalo 4-6) e um escore de condição corporal de 3,0±0,3 foram divididas em três grupos. O grupo one-shot (n=10) foi tratado com um implante subcutâneo contendo 1,5 mg de norgestomet do D0 ao D10, além de receberem 0,04 mg de D-loprostenol, 200 UI de hormônio folículo estimulante (FSH) e 300 UI de gonadotrofina coriônica equina (eCG) no D8. As ovelhas do grupo BE (n=11) receberam o mesmo tratamento do oneshot e uma aplicação de 0,6 mg de BE no D0. Os animais do grupo não tratado (n=12) não receberam hormônios. A aspiração folicular foi realizada por laparotomia 36 horas após a administração da gonadotrofina (D10) e os oócitos pesquisados e classificados com base na morfologia. Observou-se um aumento (p 0,05) no número de folículos aspirados no grupo one-shot comparado com os grupos BE e não tratado (16,3±5,6 vs. 9,5±2,4 e 12,1±4,1) respectivamente. O número médio de oócitos e taxa de recuperação foram superiores (p 0,05) nos grupos one-shot e BE em comparação com o grupo não tratado, o que resultou em 14,2±9,0 e 87,1% (142/163), 11,0±6,2 e 91,4% (122/134) vs. 6,8±3,5 e 71,9% (82/114), respectivamente. Concl
The objective of this study was to compare the number of follicles, oocytes and the recovery rate in sheep submitted to the one-shot protocol with or without ovarian priming with estradiol benzoate (EB). Pluriparous non-lactating sheep (n=33) with an average age of five years (range 4-6) and a body condition score of 3.0±0.3 were divided into three groups. The one-shot group (n=10) was treated with a subcutaneous implant containing 1.5 mg of norgestomet from D0 to D10. The animals in this group were administered 0.04 mg of D-cloprostenol, 200 IU of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and 300 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) on D8. Animals in the EB group (n=11) received the same treatment as one-shot plus the administration of 0.6 mg of EB on D0. In the untreated group (n=12), the animals received no hormone stimulation. The collection of the oocytes was performed by laparotomy 36 h after the administration of gonadotropins (D10). Oocytes were searched and classified based on morphology. An increase was observed (p 0.05) in the number of follicles aspirated in the one-shot vs. the EB and untreated groups (16.3±5.6 vs. 9.5±2.4 and 12.1±4.1), respectively. The average number of oocytes and the recovery rate were higher (p 0.05) in the one-shot and EB groups compared to the untreated group, resulting in 14.2±9.0 and 87.1% (142/163), 11.0±6.2 and 91.4% (122/134) vs. 6
RESUMO
O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o número de folículos, oócitos e a taxa de recuperação em ovelhas submetidas ao protocolo one-shot com ou sem priming ovariano de benzoato de estradiol (BE). Ovelhas não lactantes (n=33), multíparas, com idade média de cinco anos (intervalo 4-6) e um escore de condição corporal de 3,0±0,3 foram divididas em três grupos. O grupo one-shot (n=10) foi tratado com um implante subcutâneo contendo 1,5 mg de norgestomet do D0 ao D10, além de receberem 0,04 mg de D-loprostenol, 200 UI de hormônio folículo estimulante (FSH) e 300 UI de gonadotrofina coriônica equina (eCG) no D8. As ovelhas do grupo BE (n=11) receberam o mesmo tratamento do oneshot e uma aplicação de 0,6 mg de BE no D0. Os animais do grupo não tratado (n=12) não receberam hormônios. A aspiração folicular foi realizada por laparotomia 36 horas após a administração da gonadotrofina (D10) e os oócitos pesquisados e classificados com base na morfologia. Observou-se um aumento (p 0,05) no número de folículos aspirados no grupo one-shot comparado com os grupos BE e não tratado (16,3±5,6 vs. 9,5±2,4 e 12,1±4,1) respectivamente. O número médio de oócitos e taxa de recuperação foram superiores (p 0,05) nos grupos one-shot e BE em comparação com o grupo não tratado, o que resultou em 14,2±9,0 e 87,1% (142/163), 11,0±6,2 e 91,4% (122/134) vs. 6,8±3,5 e 71,9% (82/114), respectivamente. Concl
The objective of this study was to compare the number of follicles, oocytes and the recovery rate in sheep submitted to the one-shot protocol with or without ovarian priming with estradiol benzoate (EB). Pluriparous non-lactating sheep (n=33) with an average age of five years (range 4-6) and a body condition score of 3.0±0.3 were divided into three groups. The one-shot group (n=10) was treated with a subcutaneous implant containing 1.5 mg of norgestomet from D0 to D10. The animals in this group were administered 0.04 mg of D-cloprostenol, 200 IU of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and 300 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) on D8. Animals in the EB group (n=11) received the same treatment as one-shot plus the administration of 0.6 mg of EB on D0. In the untreated group (n=12), the animals received no hormone stimulation. The collection of the oocytes was performed by laparotomy 36 h after the administration of gonadotropins (D10). Oocytes were searched and classified based on morphology. An increase was observed (p 0.05) in the number of follicles aspirated in the one-shot vs. the EB and untreated groups (16.3±5.6 vs. 9.5±2.4 and 12.1±4.1), respectively. The average number of oocytes and the recovery rate were higher (p 0.05) in the one-shot and EB groups compared to the untreated group, resulting in 14.2±9.0 and 87.1% (142/163), 11.0±6.2 and 91.4% (122/134) vs. 6
RESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproductive performance of woolly and hairless crossbred ewes treated with an exogenous progestagen and eCG hormone during the non-breeding season. Mixed breed ewes (n = 48) were assigned into two treatments considering the presence (G-Woolly, n = 25) or absence of wool (G-Hairless, n = 23). The ewes underwent hormone treatment to induction/synchronization of estrus, which consisted of the insertion of an intravaginal device randomly at the estrous cycle (D0). On Day 7, ewes were injected with eCG and d-cloprostenol. On Day 9, the device was removed and males were introduced into the herd (proportion of 1:6) twelve hours later during days 10, 11 and 12. After Day 12, males were separated from females for ten days and later reintroduced into the herd for 45 days. The rate of onset of estrus and the pregnancy rate from the synchronization was 84.0 and 36.0% vs. 87.0 and 56.6%, G-Woolly vs. G-Hairless (p> 0.05). The total pregnancy rate after male reintroduction was 68.0 vs. 91.3%, G-Woolly vs. G-Hairless (p 0.05). In conclusion hairless crossbred ewes treated with the exogenous progestagen and eCG hormone during the non-breeding season presented higher reproductive performance compared to woolly crossbred ones.
Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho reprodutivo de ovelhas mestiças lanadas e deslanadas submetidas a um protocolo hormonal a base de progestágeno e eCG durante a contraestação reprodutiva. Ovelhas mestiças (n=48), sem raça definida, foram divididas em dois tratamentos, considerando-se a presença (G-Lanada, n=25) ou ausência de lã (G-Deslanada, n=23). As ovelhas foram submetidas a um tratamento hormonal de indução/sincronização de estro, que consistiu na colocação do dispositivo intravaginal em dia aleatório do ciclo estral (D0). No D7, foi administrado eCG e d-cloprostenol. No D9, o dispositivo foi retirado e após 12 h os machos foram introduzidos no lote (proporção 1:6), nos dias 10, 11 e 12. Posteriormente, os machos foram separados das fêmeas por dez dias e então reintroduzidos no lote por mais 45 dias. A taxa de apresentação de estro e de prenhez resultantes da sincronização foi 84,0 e 36,0% vs. 87,0 e 56,6%, G-Lanada vs. G-Deslanada (p>0,05). A taxa de prenhez total, após repasse com os reprodutores foi 68,0 vs. 91,3%, G-Lanada vs. G-Deslanada (p 0,05).Conclui-se que ovelhas mestiças deslanadas tratadas com protocolo hormonal durante a contraestação apresentaram desempenho reprodutivo superior ao de ovelhas mestiças lanadas.
RESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproductive performance of woolly and hairless crossbred ewes treated with an exogenous progestagen and eCG hormone during the non-breeding season. Mixed breed ewes (n = 48) were assigned into two treatments considering the presence (G-Woolly, n = 25) or absence of wool (G-Hairless, n = 23). The ewes underwent hormone treatment to induction/synchronization of estrus, which consisted of the insertion of an intravaginal device randomly at the estrous cycle (D0). On Day 7, ewes were injected with eCG and d-cloprostenol. On Day 9, the device was removed and males were introduced into the herd (proportion of 1:6) twelve hours later during days 10, 11 and 12. After Day 12, males were separated from females for ten days and later reintroduced into the herd for 45 days. The rate of onset of estrus and the pregnancy rate from the synchronization was 84.0 and 36.0% vs. 87.0 and 56.6%, G-Woolly vs. G-Hairless (p> 0.05). The total pregnancy rate after male reintroduction was 68.0 vs. 91.3%, G-Woolly vs. G-Hairless (p 0.05). In conclusion hairless crossbred ewes treated with the exogenous progestagen and eCG hormone during the non-breeding season presented higher reproductive performance compared to woolly crossbred ones.
Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho reprodutivo de ovelhas mestiças lanadas e deslanadas submetidas a um protocolo hormonal a base de progestágeno e eCG durante a contraestação reprodutiva. Ovelhas mestiças (n=48), sem raça definida, foram divididas em dois tratamentos, considerando-se a presença (G-Lanada, n=25) ou ausência de lã (G-Deslanada, n=23). As ovelhas foram submetidas a um tratamento hormonal de indução/sincronização de estro, que consistiu na colocação do dispositivo intravaginal em dia aleatório do ciclo estral (D0). No D7, foi administrado eCG e d-cloprostenol. No D9, o dispositivo foi retirado e após 12 h os machos foram introduzidos no lote (proporção 1:6), nos dias 10, 11 e 12. Posteriormente, os machos foram separados das fêmeas por dez dias e então reintroduzidos no lote por mais 45 dias. A taxa de apresentação de estro e de prenhez resultantes da sincronização foi 84,0 e 36,0% vs. 87,0 e 56,6%, G-Lanada vs. G-Deslanada (p>0,05). A taxa de prenhez total, após repasse com os reprodutores foi 68,0 vs. 91,3%, G-Lanada vs. G-Deslanada (p 0,05).Conclui-se que ovelhas mestiças deslanadas tratadas com protocolo hormonal durante a contraestação apresentaram desempenho reprodutivo superior ao de ovelhas mestiças lanadas.