RESUMO

In cartilaginous tissues, perichondrium cambium layer may be the source of new cartilage. Human nasal septal perichondrium is considered to be a homogeneous structure in which some authors do not recognize the perichondrium internal zone or the cambium layer as a layer distinct from adjacent cartilage surface. In the present study, we isolated a chondrogenic cell population from human nasal septal cartilage surface zone. Nasoseptal chondrogenic cells were positive for surface markers described for mesenchymal stem cells, with exception of CD146, a perivascular cell marker, which is consistent with their avascular niche in cartilage. Although only Sox-9 was constitutively expressed, they also revealed osteogenic and chondrogenic, but not adipogenic, potentials in vitro, suggesting a more restricted lineage potential compared to mesenchymal stem cells. Interestingly, even in absence of chondrogenic growth factors in the pellet culture system, nasoseptal chondrogenic cells had a capacity to synthesize sulfated glycosaminoglycans, large amounts of collagen type II and to a lesser extent collagen type I. The spontaneous chondrogenic potential of this population of cells indicates that they may be a possible source for cartilage tissue engineering. Besides, the pellet culture system using nasoseptal chondrogenic cells may also be a model for studies of chondrogenesis.

Assuntos

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AIMS: Since initial methods were developed for isolating cells from adipose tissue, little has been done to improve mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) yield. The aim of the present study was to isolate a population of MSC from lipoaspirate samples without tissue digestion and to assess the possibility of cryopreserving the freshly isolated cells. METHODS: A population of MSC was isolated from 13 patients' lipoaspirate samples by mechanical dissociation. Mechanically processed lipoaspirate adipose tissue (MPLA) cells were characterized after in vitro cell expansion by morphologic analysis, expression of MSC surface markers and differentiation assays. RESULTS: Mechanical dissociation yielded a large quantity of adherent MSC both after standard and vibro-assisted liposuction. Preservation of lipoaspirate samples at 4 degrees C for 1 or 2 days until the mechanical procedure did not change the MPLA cell content. It was possible to store freshly isolated MPLA cells by cryopreservation without loss of the MSC population. Adherent MPLA cells were negative for CD45 and CD31 and positive for CD34, CD105, CD44 and CD90. They also showed adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic potentials similar to MSC populations from other sources as already described in the literature. CONCLUSIONS: MSC can be isolated from human lipoaspirate samples by the mechanical procedure described in this study with a significant reduction in time and cost. Together with cryopreservation of freshly isolated MPLA cells, this has made it easier to harvest and store MSC for therapeutic applications such as soft-tissue augmentation and tissue engineering.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Os autores relatam um caso de reconstrução total de pênis em paciente do sexo masculino, de 24 anos, vítima de queimadura elétrica de alta tensão, comprometendo 30% da área corporal, de 2º e 3º grau, com amputação do membro superior direito, do pênis e testículos, e necrose da parede abdominal baixa. Após tratamento clínico e cirúrgico no Centro de Terapia a Queimados, foi encaminhado para o Serviço de Microcirurgia Reconstrutiva do Hospital dos Servidores do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, para reconstrução tardia. O primeiro tempo cirúrgico foi reconstrução da parede abdominal infra-umbilical com retalho miofasciocutâneo do tensor da fáscia lata. O segundo tempo foi reconstrução peniana total com retalho microcirúrgico antebraquial radial, concomitante com implante peniano inflável, realizado em conjunto com a equipe da urologia. O implante peniano foi fixado no resquício do corpo cavernoso e envolto pelo retalho radial antebraquial, de 18 cm de comprimento e 13 cm de largura, com anastomose arterial término-lateral na artéria femoral e a anastomose venosa término-terminal na veia safena. Em decorrência da gravidade da queimadura e intensa fibrose local, o nervo pudendo não foi encontrado. Optou-se por não reconstruir a uretra peniana concomitante para diminuir a morbidade cirúrgica. Obteve-se um bom resultado, em um único tempo operatório, ou seja, a faloplastia total microcirúrgica com implante peniano, apesar dos altos índices de complicações relatados na literatura.

The authors describes a case of total penile reconstruction, in a 24 years old male patient, electric burn accident victim, with 30% of body surface compromised (2nd and 3rd degree), right arm, penis and testicles amputation, and inferior abdominal wall necrosis. After clinical and surgical treatment in a Burn Care Unit, he was refered for late reconstruction in Reconstructive Microsurgery Service of Servidores do Estado Hospital in Rio de Janeiro. The first surgical time was the infra umbilical abdominal wall reconstruction with fascia lata tensormio-fascial-cutaneous flap. The second surgical time was the total penile reconstruction with radial antebraquial free flap and concomitant inflate penile implant by urological team.The penile implant was fixed in the cavernous body reminiscent and covered by the radial antebraquial flap (18 cm length, 13 cm width) with termino-lateral arterial anastomosis in the femoral artery, and termino-lateral venous anastomosis in the safena vein. Due to local surgical conditions, the pudendum nerve was not localized and we opted to not reconstruct the penile uretra. The patient got a good result, in just one surgical time of total microsurgical faloplasty with penile implant, despite high complication rates described in the literature.

Assuntos

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The normal function of white adipose tissue is disturbed in obesity. After weight loss that follows bariatric surgery, ex-obese patients undergo plastic surgery to remove residual tissues and it is not known whether their adipose tissue returns to its original state. The aim of this study was to compare the white adipose tissue composition of ex-obese with control patients with regard to blood vessels and resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). METHODS: Quantification of blood vessels was performed on histological sections of adipose tissue stained with hematoxylin and eosin and for von Willebrand antigen. MSC were induced to the adipogenic and osteogenic lineages by specific inductive culture media. Expression of PPARgamma2 was analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Ex-obese adipose tissue showed a higher number (p = 0.0286) of small (107.3 +/- 22.0) and large (22.5 +/- 6.4) blood vessels, when compared to control patients (42.0 +/- 24.4 and 7.2 +/- 2.2, respectively) and they also occupied a larger area (control versus ex-obese, p = 0.0286). Adipose tissue MSC from both groups of patients expressed PPARgamma2 and were equally able to differentiate to the osteogenic lineage, but ex-obese MSC showed a higher adipogenic potential when induced in vitro (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The higher number of adipose tissue blood vessels in ex-obese patients explains the excessive bleeding observed during their plastic surgery. The presence of more committed cells to the adipogenic lineage may favor the easy weight regain that occurs in ex-obese patients. These results show that, after extensive weight loss, adipose tissue cell composition was not totally restored.

Assuntos