RESUMO
Cashew nut shells (CNS) is already used in the energy matrix of some industries. However, it is necessary to know the harmful health effects generated by exposure to pollutants of its combustion, especially in the workers exposed to industrial pollutants. In addition, it is known that the incidence of asthma grows among workers in industries, and due to its previously reported biological effects of anethole, these will also be objects of the present study. We used 64 Balb/C mice, randomly divided into eight groups. Groups were sensitized and challenged with saline or ovalbumin, then subjected to intranasal instillation of 30 µg PM4.0 (occupational exposure) from the combustion of CNS or saline, and then were subsequently treated with oral anethole 300 mg/kg or 0.1% Tween 80. Our results serve as a starting point for the development of public policies for the prevention of diseases in workers that are exposed to the pollutants coming from industries.
Assuntos
Poluentes Ocupacionais do Ar/efeitos adversos , Anacardium , Indústria de Processamento de Alimentos , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Material Particulado/efeitos adversos , Derivados de Alilbenzenos , Animais , Anisóis , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Pulmão/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Polissorbatos , Distribuição AleatóriaRESUMO
Aiming to reduce feed costs, cottonseed oil (CSO) has been used as an alternative component in diets for broilers. However, this oil contains gossypol, an antinutritional agent that impacts the use of mineral elements, inhibits glucose uptake, and has a direct inhibitory action on intestinal enzymes. Nevertheless, toxic effects of gossypol can be prevented by the addition of iron salts, such as ferrous sulfate (FS), to the diet. This work was conducted to evaluate performance and gene expression of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the intestines of 21- and 42-day-old broilers fed 0, 2, 4, or 6% concentrations of CSO, with or without FS. All CSO diets led to weight gain (WG) at 21 D. At 42 D, an increase in WG and a decrease in feed conversion (FCR) in the diets containing FS were observed. In 21-day-old birds supplemented with 4% CSO and FS, an increase in GPx gene expression was observed when compared to the 6% level. Animals (42 day old) supplemented with 6% CSO and FS presented greater expression of SOD gene when compared to 2% CSO and FS. In addition, a higher GPx expression in broilers supplemented with 6% CSO and FS compared to 6% CSO without FS was achieved. In conclusion, including CSO in the diets of broiler favors WG in animals at 21 D of age, independent of the presence or absence of FS; and including 4% CSO and FS in the diet of these animals alters the expression of the GPx gene in the intestine, so it is not necessary to add FS at 21 D. On the other hand, in 42-day-old broilers, the addition of FS is indicated, due to increases WG, decreased FCR and at the 6% CSO level without FS increase in the expression of the SOD and GPx genes.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Galinhas/fisiologia , Óleo de Sementes de Algodão/metabolismo , Compostos Ferrosos/metabolismo , Aumento de Peso/efeitos dos fármacos , Ração Animal/análise , Animais , Catalase/metabolismo , Óleo de Sementes de Algodão/administração & dosagem , Dieta/veterinária , Suplementos Nutricionais/análise , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Compostos Ferrosos/administração & dosagem , Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Glutationa Peroxidase/metabolismo , Intestinos/efeitos dos fármacos , Intestinos/fisiologia , Masculino , Distribuição Aleatória , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The association between gluten and body weight is inconsistent. Previously, we showed that a gluten-free diet reduces weight gain without changing food intake in mice fed high-fat diets. In the present study, we investigated the effects of gluten intake on fat metabolism, thermogenesis and energy expenditure in mice fed a standard or high-fat diet. METHODS: Mice were fed four different experimental diets during 8 weeks: a control-standard diet (CD), a CD added with 4.5% of wheat gluten (CD-G), a high-fat diet (HFD) and a HFD added with 4.5% of wheat gluten (HFD-G). After 8 weeks, the mice received (99m)Tc-radiolabeled gluten orally to study gluten absorption and biodistribution or they underwent indirect calorimetry. After killing, subcutaneous and brown adipose tissues (SAT and BAT) were collected to assess thermogenesis-related protein expression. Lipid metabolism was studied in adipocyte cultures from the four groups. RESULTS: Despite having had the same energy intake, CD-G and HFD-G mice exhibited increased body weight and fat deposits compared with their respective controls. (99m)Tc-GLU or its peptides were detected in the blood, liver and visceral adipose tissue, suggesting that gluten can even reach extraintestinal organs. Uncoupling protein-1 expression was reduced in the BAT of HFD-G and in the SAT of CD-G and HFD-G mice. Indirect calorimetry showed lower oxygen volume consumption in CD-G and HFD-G groups compared with their controls. In HFD mice, daily energy expenditure was reduced with gluten intake. Gluten also reduced adiponectin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α and PPARγ and hormone-sensitive lipase in cultures of isolated adipocytes from HFD mice, whereas in the CD-G group, gluten intake increased interleukin-6 expression and tended to increase that of tumor necrosis factor. CONCLUSIONS: Wheat gluten promotes weight gain in animals on both HFD and CD, partly by reducing the thermogenic capacity of adipose tissues.
Assuntos
Metabolismo Energético/fisiologia , Glutens , Obesidade/metabolismo , Aumento de Peso/fisiologia , Adipogenia , Adiposidade , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Ingestão de Energia , Comportamento Alimentar , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , TermogêneseRESUMO
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is important in oncology because of its high mortality rate. Deaths may be avoided if an early diagnosis could be achieved. Several types of tumors overexpress gastrin-releasing peptide receptors (GRPr), including pancreatic cancer cells. Thus, a radiolabeled peptide derivative of gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) may be useful as a specific imaging probe. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of using (99m)Tc-HYNIC-ßAla-Bombesin(7-14)as an imaging probe for Capan-1 pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Xenographic pancreatic tumor was developed in nude mice and characterized by histopathological analysis. Biodistribution studies and scintigraphic images were carried out in tumor-bearing nude mice. The two methods showed higher uptake by pancreatic tumor when compared to muscle (used as control), and the tumor-to-muscle ratio indicated that (99m)Tc-HYNIC-ßAla-Bombesin (7-14)uptake was four-fold higher in tumor cells than in other tissues. Scintigraphic images also showed a clear signal at the tumor site. The present data indicate that (99m)Tc-HYNIC-ßAla-Bombesin (7-14) may be useful for the detection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Bombesina/análogos & derivados , Compostos de Organotecnécio/farmacocinética , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Animais , Bombesina/farmacocinética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Peptídeo Liberador de Gastrina/análogos & derivados , Xenoenxertos/diagnóstico por imagem , Xenoenxertos/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos Nus , Músculos/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologia , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/farmacocinética , CintilografiaRESUMO
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is important in oncology because of its high mortality rate. Deaths may be avoided if an early diagnosis could be achieved. Several types of tumors overexpress gastrin-releasing peptide receptors (GRPr), including pancreatic cancer cells. Thus, a radiolabeled peptide derivative of gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) may be useful as a specific imaging probe. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of using99mTc-HYNIC-βAla-Bombesin(7-14)as an imaging probe for Capan-1 pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Xenographic pancreatic tumor was developed in nude mice and characterized by histopathological analysis. Biodistribution studies and scintigraphic images were carried out in tumor-bearing nude mice. The two methods showed higher uptake by pancreatic tumor when compared to muscle (used as control), and the tumor-to-muscle ratio indicated that99mTc-HYNIC-βAla-Bombesin(7-14)uptake was four-fold higher in tumor cells than in other tissues. Scintigraphic images also showed a clear signal at the tumor site. The present data indicate that99mTc-HYNIC-βAla-Bombesin(7-14)may be useful for the detection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Assuntos
Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Adenocarcinoma , Bombesina/análogos & derivados , Compostos de Organotecnécio/farmacocinética , Neoplasias Pancreáticas , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Bombesina/farmacocinética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Peptídeo Liberador de Gastrina/análogos & derivados , Xenoenxertos/patologia , Xenoenxertos , Camundongos Nus , Músculos , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologia , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/farmacocinéticaRESUMO
A 75-year-old woman presented to the Tropical Diseases Hospital, Goiania, Brazil, with a two-day history of fever and chills followed by headache and vomiting over the last 24 hours. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed 270 leukocytes/mmc (30 percent neutrophils); 20 red cells/mmc; undetectable levels of glucose and 232 mg/dL of protein. The Gram stain revealed several Gram-positive cocci, and CSF culture yielded Streptococcus bovis. A colonoscopy showed diverticula in descendent and transverse colon. After a 14-day course of penicillin G, the patient was discharged in a good state of health, with only mild hearing impairment.
Assuntos
Diverticulose Cólica/complicações , Perda Auditiva/microbiologia , Meningites Bacterianas/microbiologia , Infecções Estreptocócicas/complicações , Streptococcus bovis , Idoso , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Perda Auditiva/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Meningites Bacterianas/complicações , Meningites Bacterianas/tratamento farmacológico , Penicilina G/uso terapêutico , Infecções Estreptocócicas/tratamento farmacológico , Streptococcus bovis/efeitos dos fármacos , Streptococcus bovis/patogenicidade , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
This study describes infection of microsporidia in the natural fauna of small wildlife animals in an area of deforestation for a water reservoir construction in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. It was focused on marsupials, small rodents, frogs, primates, bats, and others mammals taken from this area to access whether they may represent environmental sources of these zoonoses. From all captured animals, microsporidia spores were observed in the feces of bats, small rodents, and marsupials. This study emphasises the importance of wild animals, particularly small mammals as potential sources of microsporidia to human and animal populations from deforested areas. (AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Microsporídios/isolamento & purificação , Medidas de Ocorrência de Doenças , Fezes/parasitologia , Animais Selvagens/parasitologia , Brasil/epidemiologiaRESUMO
This study describes infection of microsporidia in the natural fauna of small wildlife animals in an area of deforestation for a water reservoir construction in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. It was focused on marsupials, small rodents, frogs, primates, bats, and others mammals taken from this area to access whether they may represent environmental sources of these zoonoses. From all captured animals, microsporidia spores were observed in the feces of bats, small rodents, and marsupials. This study emphasises the importance of wild animals, particularly small mammals as potential sources of microsporidia to human and animal populations from deforested areas.
Assuntos
Animais , Fezes/parasitologia , Medidas de Ocorrência de Doenças , Microsporídios/isolamento & purificação , Animais Selvagens/parasitologia , Brasil/epidemiologiaRESUMO
The aims of this study were to test a locally applied carvacrol gel and determine its efficacy preventing alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis in rats by regular methodology to validate applicability the atomic force microscopy (AFM) as a novel morphology method on this model. Wistar rats were subjected to ligature around second, upper-left molars. Animals were treated carvacrol gel topically (CAG), immediately after Experimental Periodontitis Disease induction for 1' three-times/day for 11 days. A vehicle gel was utilized as control. The periodontium and the surrounding gingivae were examined at regular histopathology and by AFM method; the neutrophil influx into the gingivae was also assayed using myeloperoxidase activity. The bacterial flora was assessed through culture of the gingival tissue. Alveolar bone loss was significantly inhibited by CAG group compared to the Vehicle (V) group, the carvacrol gel treatment reduced tissue lesion at histopathology, with preservation of the periodontium, coupled to decreased myeloperoxidase activity in gingival tissue and also prevented the proliferation of periodontal microorganisms and the weight loss. The GAC treatment preserved alveolar bone resorption and showed anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities in experimental periodontitis. Topographical changes in histological sections were seen bringing into high relief the periodontal structures, being a simple and cost-effective method for periodontal evaluation with ultrastructural resolution.