RESUMO

This study aimed to analyze the incidence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) in Brazil from 2007 to 2019, examining the spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal patterns of their occurrence. An ecological time series study was conducted using spatial analysis techniques. WMSD morbidity data from 2007 to 2019 were collected from the Brazilian Information System for Notificable Diseases of the Brazilian Health Informatics Department. Incidence rates were standardized and smoothed using the local empirical Bayes' theorem. Time trends were analyzed by segmented linear regression. Spatial analysis was performed using Moran's univariate global (I) and local (LISA) indexes. The spatiotemporal scan statistic was used to identify high-risk spatiotemporal clusters for WMSD. A total of 93,387 cases of WMSD were recorded in Brazil. Temporal trends showed an increase in all regions except the Northeast, which remained stable. The incidence of WMSD showed a spatial dependence, with spatial and space-time clusters identified, especially in the Southeast region, overlapping the largest economic-industrial center of the country. The spatiotemporal clustering observed in one region suggests the highest level of industrial and economic development. Our findings highlight the need to implement intersectoral surveillance policies, inspect working conditions, and invest in the prevention and promotion of workers' health.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the incidence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) in Brazil from 2007 to 2019, examining the spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal patterns of their occurrence. An ecological time series study was conducted using spatial analysis techniques. WMSD morbidity data from 2007 to 2019 were collected from the Brazilian Information System for Notificable Diseases of the Brazilian Health Informatics Department. Incidence rates were standardized and smoothed using the local empirical Bayes' theorem. Time trends were analyzed by segmented linear regression. Spatial analysis was performed using Moran's univariate global (I) and local (LISA) indexes. The spatiotemporal scan statistic was used to identify high-risk spatiotemporal clusters for WMSD. A total of 93,387 cases of WMSD were recorded in Brazil. Temporal trends showed an increase in all regions except the Northeast, which remained stable. The incidence of WMSD showed a spatial dependence, with spatial and space-time clusters identified, especially in the Southeast region, overlapping the largest economic-industrial center of the country. The spatiotemporal clustering observed in one region suggests the highest level of industrial and economic development. Our findings highlight the need to implement intersectoral surveillance policies, inspect working conditions, and invest in the prevention and promotion of workers' health.

Resumo: O objetivo foi analisar a incidência de distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho (DORT) no Brasil de 2007 a 2019, examinando os padrões espaciais, temporais e espaço-temporais de sua ocorrência. Foi realizado um estudo ecológico de séries temporais utilizando técnicas de análise espacial. Os dados de morbidade por DORT de 2007 a 2019 foram coletados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação do Departamento de Informática do SUS. As taxas de incidência foram padronizadas e suavizadas pelo método de Bayes empírico local. As tendências temporais foram examinadas por meio de regressão linear segmentada. A análise espacial foi realizada utilizando-se os índices univariados de Moran global (I) e índice de Moran local (LISA). A estatística de varredura espaço-temporal foi aplicada para identificar aglomerados espaço-temporais de DORT de alto risco. Foram registrados 93.387 casos de DORT no Brasil. A tendência temporal mostrou aumento em todas as regiões, exceto no Nordeste, que se manteve estável. A incidência de DORT apresentou dependência espacial e foram identificados aglomerados espaciais e espaço-temporais, particularmente na Região Sudeste, sobrepondo-se ao maior centro econômico-industrial do país. A aglomeração espaço-temporal observada em uma região sugere maior nível de desenvolvimento industrial e econômico. Os achados evidenciam a necessidade de implementação de políticas intersetoriais de vigilância, fiscalização das condições de trabalho e investimentos na prevenção e promoção da saúde do trabalhador.

Resumen: El objetivo fue analizar la incidencia de los trastornos musculoesqueléticos relacionados con el trabajo (TMERT) en Brasil del 2007 al 2019, examinando los patrones espaciales, temporales y espacio-temporales de su incidencia. Se realizó un estudio ecológico de series temporales usando técnicas de análisis espacial. Los datos de morbilidad por TMERT del 2007 al 2019 se recolectaron del Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Notificación Obligatoria del Departamento de Informática del Sistema Único de Salud. Las tasas de incidencia se estandarizaron y se suavizaron usando el método de Bayes empírico local. Las tendencias temporales se examinaron mediante regresión lineal segmentada. El análisis espacial se realizó utilizando los índices univariados de Moran global (I) y el índice de Moran local (LISA). Se aplicó la estadística de análisis espacio-temporal para identificar aglomerados espacio-temporales de TMERT de alto riesgo. En Brasil se registraron 93.387 casos de TMERT. La tendencia temporal mostró aumento en todas las regiones, salvo en el Nordeste, que se mantuvo estable. La incidencia de TMERT presentó dependencia espacial y se identificaron aglomerados espaciales y espacio-temporales, particularmente en la región Sudeste, superponiéndose al centro económico-industrial más grande del país. La aglomeración espacio-temporal observada en una región sugiere un mayor nivel de desarrollo industrial y económico. Los hallazgos resaltan la necesidad de implementar políticas intersectoriales de vigilancia, inspección de las condiciones de trabajo e inversiones en la prevención y promoción de la salud del trabajador.

RESUMO

The world is facing a serious viral infection caused by the new Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. We aimed to evaluate and map the high-risk clusters of COVID-19 in the State of Alagoas, a touristic area in northeastern Brazil, after two years of pandemic by a population-based ecological study, using COVID-19 cases reported in the State of Alagoas, between March, 2020 and April, 2022. We performed a descriptive and statistical analysis of epidemiological data. We then map high-risk areas for COVID-19, using spatial analysis, considering the incidence rate by municipality. 297,972 positive cases were registered; 56.9% were female and 42.7% aged between 20 and 39 years old. Men (OR = 1.59) and older than 60 years old (OR = 29.64) had a higher risk of death, while the highest incidence rates of the disease occurred in the metropolitan region. Our data demonstrate the impact of COVID-19 in the State of Alagoas, through the two years of pandemic. Although the number of cases were greater among women and young adults, the chance of death was greater among men and older adults. High-risk clusters of the disease initially occur in metropolitan cities and tourist areas.

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objectives: to construct and validate an instrument for assessing the functionality of individuals with schistosomiasis. Methods: methodological study, developed in three stages: 1) construction of the instrument and its association with categories of the International Classification of Functionality, which the study used to elaborate the questions; 2) validation of content, performed by judges experts in the subject; 3) application of the instrument by the test-retest technique in the population with schistosomiasis in 14 days. The study used the correlation coefficient kappa to calculate the degree of agreement between the judges kappa. Results: in its final version, the instrument consists of 27 items, 9 of which are from the Body functions component, 6 from Body structures, 4 from Activity and participation, and 8 from Environmental factors. Conclusions: the constructed instrument has a biopsychosocial approach, considering four components of the ICF, besides presenting good validity and interobserver reliability.

RESUMEN Objetivos: construir y validar instrumento de evaluación del funcionamiento de individuos con esquistosomiasis. Métodos: estudio metodológico, desarrollado en tres etapas: 1) Construcción del instrumento y su asociación con categorías de la Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento, que fueron usadas para elaborar las preguntas; 2) Validez de contenido, realizada por jueces especialistas en la temática; 3) Aplicación del instrumento por la técnica de test-retest en la población con esquistosomiasis en el intervalo de 14 días. Para cálculo del grado de concordancia entre los jueces, se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación kappa. Resultados: en su versión final, el instrumento se constituyó por 27 ítems, siendo 9 del componente de Funciones del cuerpo, 6 de Estructuras del cuerpo, 4 de Actividad y participación y 8 de Factores ambientales. Fue considerado válido y confiable. Conclusiones: el instrumento construido tiene abordaje biopsicosocial, considerando cuatro componentes de la CIF, además de presentar buena validez y confiabilidad interobservador.

RESUMO Objetivos: construir e validar um instrumento de avaliação da funcionalidade de indivíduos com esquistossomose. Métodos: estudo metodológico, desenvolvido em três etapas: 1) Construção do instrumento e associação deste com categorias da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, que foram usadas para elaborar as perguntas; 2) Validação de conteúdo, realizada por juízes especialistas na temática; 3) Aplicação do instrumento pela técnica de teste-reteste na população com esquistossomose no intervalo de 14 dias. Para o cálculo do grau de concordância entre os juízes, utilizou-se o coeficiente de correlação kappa. Resultados: em sua versão final, o instrumento constitui-se por 27 itens, sendo 9 do componente de Funções do corpo, 6 de Estruturas do corpo, 4 de Atividade e participação e 8 de Fatores ambientais. Foi considerado válido e confiável. Conclusões: o instrumento construído tem abordagem biopsicossocial, considerando quatro componentes da CIF, além de apresentar boa validade e confiabilidade interobservador.

RESUMO

Schistosomiasis is an endemic disease in Brazil and the State with the highest positive rate in the country is Sergipe. Herein, we assessed data from the Brazilian Schistosomiasis Control Program (PCE) in the State of Sergipe between the period 2008 and 2017. We evaluated data about schistosomiasis and snails of the genus Biomphalaria. We used the log-linear regression model (joinpoint) to assess temporal trends and the Kernel estimator for spatial statistics analysis. According to the PCE, Sergipe has 51 endemic municipalities for schistosomiasis. Nevertheless, information about the disease and that collected by the PCE has not been recorded regularly in all endemic municipalities. Additionally, only nine municipalities (17.6%) carried out the malacological survey. The average of positive rate from schistosomiasis in Sergipe was 8.4%. However, our data suggest that it may be underestimated. The spatial analysis maps (Kernel maps) showed areas of high transmission of the disease in municipalities close to the São Francisco River and in the metropolitan region of the State. Altogether, our findings suggest that schistosomiasis has been underreported and it is still a serious public health concern in Sergipe. In addition, there are significant failures in the conduction of PCE's activities by the municipalities.

Assuntos

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: to construct and validate an instrument for assessing the functionality of individuals with schistosomiasis. METHODS: methodological study, developed in three stages: 1) construction of the instrument and its association with categories of the International Classification of Functionality, which the study used to elaborate the questions; 2) validation of content, performed by judges experts in the subject; 3) application of the instrument by the test-retest technique in the population with schistosomiasis in 14 days. The study used the correlation coefficient kappa to calculate the degree of agreement between the judges kappa. RESULTS: in its final version, the instrument consists of 27 items, 9 of which are from the Body functions component, 6 from Body structures, 4 from Activity and participation, and 8 from Environmental factors. CONCLUSIONS: the constructed instrument has a biopsychosocial approach, considering four components of the ICF, besides presenting good validity and interobserver reliability.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Há uma escassez em evidências científicas acerca de instrumentos de avaliação validados e padronizados aplicados ao Pilates. Diante da importância de uma análise individualizada e holística de cada paciente/cliente para melhor aplicação do método, faz-se necessário a construção de instrumentos que possuam uma abordagem biopsicossocial. Objetivo: Desenvolver um instrumento de avaliação para o Pilates, baseado na da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF). Métodos: A pesquisa foi realizada em quatro etapas. Levantamentos de informações sobre a avaliação no método Pilates, associação das informações com categorias da CIF, estudo Delphi, construção do instrumento. As informações foram obtidas por meio de um a scoping review e entrevistas com fisioterapeutas que trabalham com o Pilates, para construção as informações obtidas foram vinculadas com as categorias da CIF por dois pesquisadores de forma independente, em caso de discordância um terceiro julgaria a mais pertinente. Em seguida, foi realizado um estudo Delphi, para selecionar as categorias mais relevantes para compor o instrumento. Por fim, a construção do instrumento por três pesquisadores com conhecimento em Pilates e CIF. Resultados: O instrumento foi constituído por 49 categorias da CIF, distribuídas em 33 questões, sendo, 10 de funções do corpo, duas de estruturas do corpo, 16 de atividade e participação e, cinco dos fatores ambientais. Conclusão: O estudo possibilitou a construção de um instrumento que visa facilitar a compreensão do estado de saúde do paciente a partir de uma avaliação já realizada em cada serviço e, ao final será proporcionado uma linguagem comum.

There is a lack of scientific evidence on validated and standardized evaluation instruments applied to Pilates. Given the importance of an individualized and holistic analysis of each patient/client for a better application of the method, it is necessary to build instruments that have a bio-psychosocial approach. Objective: To develop an evaluation instrument for Pilates, based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Methods: The research was carried out in four stages. This is a survey of information about the assessment in the Pilates method, association of information with ICF categories, Delphi study, construction of the instrument. The information was obtained through a scoping review and interviews with physical therapists who work with Pilates. For the construction of the instrument, the information obtained was independently linked to the ICF categories by two researchers, and in case of disagreement a third party would judge the most pertinent. Next, a Delphi study was carried out to select the most relevant categories to compose the instrument; finally, the construction of the instrument by three researchers with knowledge about Pilates and ICF. Results: The instrument was made up of 49 ICF categories, distributed among 33 questions, being ten of body functions, two of body structures, 16 of activity and participation, and five of environmental factors. Conclusion: The study allowed the construction of an instrument that aims to facilitate the understanding of the patient's health status from an evaluation already performed in each service and, at the end, will provide a common language.

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the quality of a tuberculosis notification information system after record linkage and spatial and temporal distribution of tuberculosis in a Brazilian state. METHOD: an ecological study carried between 2006 and 2016 in Sergipe, Brazil. A deterministic linkage was performed with Notifiable Diseases Information System and Mortality Information System, recording 7,873 cases and 483 deaths. The temporal trend of tuberculosis incidence was calculated. RESULTS: there was an increase among men (2.75%), > 60 years (6.29%), higher education (4.34%) and indigenous (4.76%). A total of 190 new cases (2.9%) was found. There was an increasing trend in tuberculosis incidence with a concentration of deaths in the metropolitan region. CONCLUSION: the quality of the information system showed fragility in identifying cases and deaths in Sergipe. Temporal distribution showed an increasing trend in tuberculosis incidence, and spatial distribution identified higher incidences in southeastern Brazil.

Assuntos