RESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Increased oxidative stress during ageing and the neurodegenerative disorders associated with this has been described. The central nervous system is particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage because of its high energy requirements, high oxygen consumption, high tissue concentration of iron and relatively low levels of some antioxidant systems. Treatment with neurotrophic factors may reverse neurone deterioration and stimulate cholinergic activity in aged rats. It may have a similar neuroprotector effect against damage due to ischaemic reperfusion, hypoglycaemia, inflammation and other pathological conditions involving oxidative stress. In this study we determined some indicators of oxidative stress in rat brains during ageing and evaluated this in response to a plan of treatment with murine nerve growth factor (FCN) for 38 days. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Biochemical techniques were used for determination of oxidative stress indicators. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We found that with age there was a significant increase in phospholipase A2 and superoxide dysmutase activity and concentration of hipoperoxidases, whilst the concentration of reduced glutathion fell. Catalase activity increased in the hippocampal and striate regions and decreased in the cortex and septal area. There was less oxidative stress in rats treated with FCN. In view of our results, we conclude that the level of oxidative stress increases with ageing, with significant differences between areas of the brain. The region most vulnerable to damage from species reactive to oxygen was the hippocampus, and the protective effect of FCN may be related to potentiation of antioxidant defenses.
Assuntos
Envelhecimento/fisiologia , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/fisiologia , Encéfalo/enzimologia , Fatores de Crescimento Neural/fisiologia , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Animais , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/farmacologia , Catalase/metabolismo , Glutationa/metabolismo , Masculino , Fatores de Crescimento Neural/farmacologia , Peroxidase/metabolismo , Fosfolipases A/metabolismo , Fosfolipases A2 , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a progressive, slow loss of dopaminergic neurones in the substance nigra. Although the cause of this neurone loss is unknown, at the present time many papers suggest oxidative stress (OS), secondary to dopaminergic metabolism, as an aetiopathogenic factor of PD. Therefore study of the part played by OS in this would permit the use of antioxidants (AO) as another possibility for treatment of the disease. It would also be a major step forward in the search for possible biological markers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A study using spectrophotometric techniques was made of the serum levels of four biochemical indicators: catalase (CAT), malonyl aldehyde (MDA), phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and Vitamin C (VITC) in controls and in patients with PD. We found the average value for each of the variables studied in controls and in patients, taking AO treatment into account. RESULTS: The effect of clinical variables on serum levels of CAT, MDA, PLA2 and VITC was analyzed. It was seen that only the clinical state of Hoen and Yahr was related to the biochemical indicators. The CAT activity and VITC concentration showed statistically significant differences between patients (independently of their AO treatment) and controls. The CAT activity was significantly less in those treated with AO. The patients with PD did not all have the same degree of OS. The effect of AO treatment on plasma markers showed changes only in one subgroup of Parkinson patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that AO treatment in this condition should be tailored to the individual patient according to the degree of OS present.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Ácido Ascórbico/farmacologia , Ácido Ascórbico/uso terapêutico , Inibidores da Monoaminoxidase/farmacologia , Inibidores da Monoaminoxidase/uso terapêutico , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Doença de Parkinson/tratamento farmacológico , Vitamina E/farmacologia , Vitamina E/uso terapêutico , Ácido Ascórbico/sangue , Biomarcadores , Catalase/sangue , Progressão da Doença , Humanos , Malondialdeído/sangue , Doença de Parkinson/enzimologia , Fosfolipases A/sangue , Fosfolipases A/metabolismo , Fosfolipases A2 , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Espectrofotometria/métodosRESUMO
Introducción y objetivo. La enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) se caracteriza por una pérdida lenta y progresiva de las neuronas dopaminérgicas localizadas en la sustancia nigra. Aunque no se conoce la causa de la pérdida neuronal, en la actualidad es frecuente encontrar trabajos que proponen el estrés oxidativo (EO), secundario al metabolismo dopaminérgico, como factor etiopatogénico en la EP; por tanto, profundizar en el conocimiento del papel que desempeña el EO en ésta permitirá utilizar los antioxidantes (AO) como una alternativa más en el tratamiento de la enfermedad, además de constituir un paso importante en la búsqueda de posibles marcadores biológicos. Material y métodos. Se realizó un estudio de los niveles séricos de cuatro indicadores bioquímicos: catalasa (CAT), malonilaldehido (MDA), fosfolipasa A2 (PLA2) y vitamina C (VITC) en controles y pacientes con EP mediante técnicas espectrofotométricas. Se determinó la media para cada una de las variables estudiadas en controles y pacientes tomando en consideración el tratamiento AO. Resultados. Se analizó la influencia de las variables clínicas sobre los niveles séricos de la CAT, MDA, PLA2 y VITC y se observó que sólo el estadio clínico de Hoen y Yahr estaba relacionado con los indicadores bioquímicos. La actividad de la CAT y la concentración de VITC presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre pacientes (independientemente del tratamiento AO) y controles, siendo la actividad CAT significativamente menor en los tratados con AO. Todos los pacientes con EP no presentaron el mismo grado de EO; la influencia del tratamiento AO sobre los indicadores séricos sólo mostró diferencias en un subgrupo de parkinsonianos. Conclusiones. Nuestro estudio sugiere que el tratamiento AO en esta enfermedad debe ser individualizado y en concordancia con el grado de EO que presente el paciente
Assuntos
Humanos , Antioxidantes , Ácido Ascórbico , Catalase , Estresse Oxidativo , Doença de Parkinson/terapia , Fosfolipases ARESUMO
Se realizaron 1.127 endoscopias en el periodo comprendido desde marzo de 1977 hasta octubre de 1979 en el Hospital Universitario "Americo Boavida" de Luanda.Se selecciona para el estudio 690 (61.1%) endoscopias con diagnostico de schistosomiasis vesical. Se encuentran como lesiones mas frecuentes los huevos calcificados del parasito y la mucosa vesical deslustrada, signos de cronicidad que alertan sobre lo tardiamente que acuden a las consultas de urologia los pacientes portadores de esta enfermedad en el medio estudiado