RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The optimal duration of first-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced gastric cancer is unknown. Diverse clinical trials have proposed different strategies including limited treatment, maintenance of some drugs, or treatment until progression. METHOD: The sample comprises patients from the AGAMENON multicenter registry without progression after second evaluation of response. The objective was to explore the optimal duration of first-line chemotherapy. A frailty multi-state model was conducted. RESULTS: 415 patients were divided into three strata: discontinuation of platinum and maintenance with fluoropyrimidine until progression (30%, n = 123), complete treatment withdrawal prior to progression (52%, n = 216), and full treatment until progression (18%, n = 76). The hazard of tumor progression decreased by 19% per month with the full treatment regimen. However, we found no evidence that fluoropyrimidine maintenance (hazard ratio [HR] 1.07, confidence interval [CI] 95%, 0.69-1.65) worsened progression-free survival (PFS) with respect to treatment until progression. Predictive factors for PFS were ECOG performance status, ≥ 3 metastatic sites, prior tumor response, and bone metastases. Toxicity grade 3/4 was more common in those who continued the full treatment until progression vs fluoropyrimidine maintenance (16% vs 6%). CONCLUSION: The longer duration of the full initial regimen exerted a protective effect on the patients of this registry. Platinum discontinuation followed by fluoropyrimidine maintenance yields comparable efficacy to treatment up to PD, with a lower rate of serious adverse events.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Sistema de Registros , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Tomada de Decisão Clínica , Feminino , Humanos , Quimioterapia de Manutenção , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Platina/administração & dosagem , Platina/efeitos adversos , Intervalo Livre de Progressão , Pirimidinas/administração & dosagem , Pirimidinas/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Taxa de Sobrevida , Fatores de Tempo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
A patient with a primary ovarian carcinoid tumor with extensive carcinoid heart disease, without hepatic metastases is presents. Literature was revisited, emphasizing that carcinoid heart disease secondary to an ovarian tumor is quite rare. Surgical indications relative to this patient are discussed.
Assuntos
Doença Cardíaca Carcinoide/diagnóstico , Tumor Carcinoide/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Ovarianas/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Brugada's syndrome is one of the main causes of sudden death in young adults without a structural heart disease. This is an electrical cardiac illness secondary to a mutation of SCN5A gene of chromosome 3 that has a dominant autosomic transmission pattern. This mutation implies the dysfunction of the sodium channel that increases the Ito, loosing the dome of the epicardiac action potential phase two. An "all or none" repolarization pattern ensues and gives rise to a phase two reentry. This kind of reentry is responsible for the initiation and perpetuation of malignant ventricular arrhythmias among these patients. The clinical characteristics of the syndrome are the right bundle branch block, ST segment elevation from V1 to V3 leads and sudden death or syncope. In some patients, a pharmacological test must be done with ajmaline or procainamide to unmask the electrocardiographic changes. At present, the only effective treatment is the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). This device has the capability to reduce mortality from 40% annually to 0% at ten years. Pharmacological treatment is not useful.