RESUMO
BACKGROUND: To assess the prevalence of oral and maxillofacial malignant neoplasias in children and adolescents diagnosed through biopsies sent to the Oral Pathology Laboratory at the University of Sao Paulo School of Dentistry. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of anatomopathological reports on patients between 1 and 18 years old issued by the oral and maxillofacial pathology laboratory between 1997 and 2021 was performed for demographic data, lesion site, type of biopsy, diagnostic hypothesis and final diagnosis. RESULTS: The laboratory issued 76,194 anatomopathological reports during this period, of which 10.77% were of children and adolescents. Of this total, only 32 biopsies (32/8.204; 0.39%) were neoplasias in children and adolescents. Sarcomas were the most prevalent malignant neoplasms (19/32; 59%), followed by carcinomas (7/32; 22%), lymphomas (5/32; 16%) and ganglioneuroblastomas (1/32; 3%). Of these 32 patients, the most affected individuals were aged between 4 and 11 years old (47%), 18 (56%) were male, and the mandible was the main anatomical site involved (28%). In 41% of the cases (13/32), the diagnostic hypothesis of the biopsied lesion was mistakenly considered benign and there was no diagnostic hypothesis in 18% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: Oral and maxillofacial malignant neoplasms in children and adolescents are uncommon and the accuracy of provisional diagnoses is low in these cases. Better knowledge on oral and maxillofacial malignant lesions in this population would help professionals to reduce the diagnostic time and consequently improve the patient's prognosis.
Assuntos
Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Adolescente , Criança , Humanos , Masculino , Pré-Escolar , Lactente , Feminino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Pescoço , PrevalênciaRESUMO
AIM: Very few oral leiomyomas have been reported in the literature, especially in children. The aim of this article was to present a very rare new case of leiomyoma in the chin, in a seven-year-old black male, and to explain its clinical and histological features. CASE REPORT: A seven-year-old black male patient presented with a swelling mass of diameter 2.5 x 3.0 cm in the lower anterior area of the chin. The tumor was firm, painless, non-fixed and well-defined, with normal mucosa overlying it. Fine-needle aspiration prior to surgery was negative. The surgical access was intraoral and the mass was located under the skin and below the periosteal bone, within the musculature. The histological and immunohistochemical studies diagnosed an oral leiomyoma. The clinical appearance of leiomyomas is very difficult to differentiate from other mesenchymal tumors. Histological and immunohistochemical studies were crucial for achieving a definitive diagnosis. Eighteen months after the excision of the lesion, no signs of recurrence were observed. The successful treatment had several objectives, including removing the lesion with success and providing the patient with an aesthetic appearance.
Assuntos
Queixo/patologia , Leiomioma/patologia , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Criança , Queixo/cirurgia , Humanos , Leiomioma/cirurgia , Masculino , Neoplasias Bucais/cirurgiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of Actinic Cheilitis (AC) among agricultural workers and analyze its risk factors. DESIGN: A cross sectional epidemiological study. A lip lesion was defined as an abnormal change on the lip mucosa surface, such as erythematous pigmented, ulcerative or swelling (Cataldo and Doku, 1981). Data were gathered according to age group, gender, ethnicity-time and frequency of occupational sunlight exposure, smoking habits, drinking habits and socio-economic status. SETTING: Sugar-cane plantation farms in Brazil. PARTICIPANTS: Full-time workers of both genders employed at sugar-cane plantation farms for at least six months. OUTCOME MEASURES: Correlations between AC prevalence, demographic and socioeconomic risk factors. RESULTS: 202 people were examined and the prevalence of AC was 39.6%. Results revealed that being black (0.15-0.88- 95% CI; OR = 0.36; p = 0.025) or mulatto (0.21-0.82- 95% CI; OR = 0.42; p =0.011) decreased the risk for AC, while age and gender sex had no effect. In relation to socioeconomic variables, formal education and more than four years of education (0.07-0.68- 95% CI; OR = 0.22; p = 0.009) decreased the risk for AC. Moreover, drinking alcohol was a risk for AC (1.05-3.37- 95% CI; OR = 1.88; p = 0.034), while tobacco smoking was not (0.60-2.02- 95% CI; OR = 1.10; p = 0.763). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of AC is high in agricultural workers who were fairskinned, had low education and high alcohol intake. Prevention and early diagnosis are required for workers exposed to sunlight.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Queilite/epidemiologia , Queilite/etiologia , Luz Solar/efeitos adversos , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/etiologia , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/efeitos adversos , População Negra/estatística & dados numéricos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Escolaridade , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Razão de Chances , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Classe Social , Fatores Socioeconômicos , População Branca/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
This study evaluated the feasibility of using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS-II) in epidemiological surveys and compared ICDAS with WHO criteria. Two hundred and fifty-two children (36-59 months old) in Amparo, Brazil, were each examined by 2 examiners using ICDAS-II or WHO criteria. Dmf-t, dmf-s, caries prevalence and examination time were calculated using both systems. ICDAS-II was comparable to standard criteria when the cut-off point was score 3. Examination by ICDAS-II took twice as long as by WHO criteria. In conclusion, ICDAS-II, besides providing information on non-cavitated caries lesions, can generate data comparable to previous surveys which used WHO criteria.
Assuntos
Assistência Odontológica para Crianças/normas , Testes de Atividade de Cárie Dentária/métodos , Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico , Inquéritos de Saúde Bucal , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Pré-Escolar , Cárie Dentária/classificação , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Prevalência , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Organização Mundial da SaúdeRESUMO
AIMS: This study aimed to assess changes in caries prevalence and severity in preschool children in Diadema, Brazil. METHODS: Three cross-sectional surveys were conducted, using the same protocol, in 1995, 1997 and 1999. The first survey included children aged 5-35 months, and the second and third, children aged 5-59 months. Participants were selected from all children attending a National Day of Children's Vaccination; 548, 992 and 690 in 1995, 1997 and 1999, respectively. This approach was sound as uptake rates for all years studied were above 90% for children aged between 1 and 59 months in all three surveys. Caries experience was measured using the World Health Organization (WHO) def index. Time-lag and quasi-longitudinal analysis were carried out. RESULTS: Time-lag analysis showed a marked and statistically significant decline in the prevalence and severity of coronal and rampant caries between 1995 and 1999. There were reductions of 36.5% in the prevalence of caries in 2-year-olds between 1995 and 1997 (P < 0.002) and 36.0% between 1997 and 1999 (P = 0.041). The mean def-s at the same age decreased from 2.0 in 1995 to 1.1 in 1997 (P < 0.001) and to 1.0 in 1999 (P > 0.05). The quasi-longitudinal analysis showed a statistically significantly increase in the percentage of children with caries between 1995 and 1997 and 1997 and 1999 (P < 0.001), but not for 2-year-old children between 1995 and 1997 (P > 0.05). The same pattern was observed for severity of dental caries. CONCLUSION: Oral health in preschool children in Diadema improved markedly during 1995-99.