RESUMO
We described here our results on the use of thiourea as a ligand in the copper catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) of 2-azidobenzaldehyde with alkynes. Reactions were performed reacting 2-azidobenzaldehyde with a range of terminal alkynes using 10â mol % of copper iodide as a catalyst, 20â mol % of thiourea as a ligand, triethylamine as base, DMSO as solvent at 100 °C under nitrogen atmosphere. The corresponding 2-(1H-1,2,3-triazoyl)-benzaldehydes (2-TBH) were obtained in moderated to excellent yields and according our experiments, the use of thiourea decreases the formation of side products. The obtained compounds were screened for their binding affinity with multiple therapeutic targets of AD by molecular docking: ß-secretase (BACE), glycogen synthase kinase (GSK-3ß) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The three compounds with highest affinity, 5 a (2-(4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde), 5 b (2-(4-(p-tolyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde), and 5 d (2-(4-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde) were selected and evaluated on its antioxidant effect, in view of select the most promising one to perform the inâ vivo validation. Due the antioxidant potential ally to the affinity with BACE, GSK-3ß and AChE, compound 5 b was evaluated in a mouse model of AD induced by intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Our results indicate that 5 b (1â mg/kg) treatment during 20â days is able to reverse the cognitive and memory impairment induced by STZ trough the modulation of AChE activity, amyloid cascade and GSK-3ß expression.