RESUMO

A case of infection with Dirofilaria immitis in a cat is reported here with clinical signs of apathy, anorexia, dyspnea, polypnea, slight dehydration and pale mucus membranes. The radiographic examination showed cardiomegaly, lobar arteries dilation of the cranial lobes and tortuosity, enlargement of the caudal lobar arteries. In the right lobe of the lung parenchyma, interstitial pulmonary opacification tending to alveolar opacification was seen. The clinical signs, the movements, and the morphology of the microfilariae in the direct examination of fresh blood, peripheral blood smear and Knott's modified test supported the diagnosis. We alert to the need for clinicians to consider feline heartworm diseases as a differential diagnosis in endemic areas when cats show respiratory signs.

Descreve-se um caso de infecção por Dirofilaria immitis em gato com sinais clínicos de apatia, anorexia, dispneia, polipneia, leve desidratação e mucosas pálidas. O exame radiográfico demonstrou cardiomegalia, dilatação da artéria lobar cranial e tortuosidade, alargamento dos lobos caudais da artéria lobar. No lobo direito do parênquima pulmonar, opacificação pulmonar intersticial tendendo à opacificação foi observada. O diagnóstico foi baseado nos sinais clínicos, nos movimentos e na morfologia das microfilárias detectadas no exame de sangue a fresco, no esfregaço de sangue periférico e no teste de Knott modificado. Alertou-se para a necessidade de os clínicos considerarem a dirofilariose felina como diagnóstico diferencial em áreas endêmicas quando os gatos apresentam sinais respiratórios.

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Postpartum uterine infections of dairy cows promote a local and systemic inflammation and interfere with reproductive efficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of steroid hormones including progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2) on the systemic inflammatory response of cows after being challenged with an intrauterine infusion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). For this, a hemogram and serum dosage of haptoglobin (Hp) in eight primiparous Gir cows ovariectomized were performed on day (day 0) and after 24 h (day +1). Four cows (n = 4) were challenged (day 0) with 20 mL of 0.9% NaCl + 12.5 µg/kg LPS, and four cows (n = 4) were challenged (day 0) with 20 mL of 0.9% NaCl. For this, the study was divided in four experimental groups as: (1) Control group: without any hormonal treatment before day 0; (2) Group 24 h - E2: 1 mg of estradiol benzoate 24 h before (day -1); (3) Group 24 h - P4: 2.0 g of P4 device 24 h before (day -1); (4) Group 14 d - P4: 2.0 g of P4 device 14 days before (day -14). In the systemic response to LPS, there was an increase in Hp (control group; 24 h - P4 group; 14 d - P4 group), and on day +1 the Hp of 14 d - P4 group was higher when compared to the other groups. On day 0, the 14 d - P4 group had an increase in circulating leukocytes and lymphocytes cells than the control group (P < 0.01). On day +1 after LPS-challenge the 14 d - P4 group showed a decrease in circulating lymphocytes, eosinophils, and monocytes (P < 0.05). A neutrophilia with left shift in the two treatments with P4 (day +1), in addition to a thrombocytopenia and lower platelets compared to the 24 h - E2 group (P < 0.05) (day 0) were recorded. It was concluded that ovariectomized cows challenged with LPS, previously submitted to steroid hormones induce a systemic inflammatory response. Also, the systemic response is more intense after previous prolonged exposure to P4 and less intense after exposure to E2. This study provided important information relating the effect of ovarian steroids on the systemic inflammatory response of cows challenged with intrauterine LPS.

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This work was developed to evaluate the impact of the addition of proteases on the performance characteristics, egg quality, relative weight of digestive organs, and intestinal morphometry of laying hens. 390 Hy Line W36® hens were allocated into five treatments and six replicates with 13 animals. The treatments were: 1) Control (standard formulation), 2) Negative control A - NCA (nutritional reduction according to protease A matrix), 3) Negative control B - NCB (nutritional reduction according to protease B matrix), 4) NCA+protease A (0.250 g/kg of feed) and 5) NCB+protease B (0.125 g/kg of feed). Hens fed the NCA, NCB, and NCA+protease A diets showed reductions in feed intake and egg mass. The addition of protease B provided better results for egg production in both percentage and per dozen as compared to the group fed with the NCA+protease A diets. The hens subjected to diets NCA and NCB showed eggs with a reduced eggshell and thickness percentage. However, supplementation with proteases A and B improved these parameters to values similar to the controls. There was no significant effect of the treatments on the relative weight of the liver, proventricle, gizzard, pancreas, and small intestine. However, the addition of protease A resulted in a decreased value for the relative weight of the large intestine. The jejunum and ileum crypt depths were, respectively, smaller in hens fed the control diet in relation to the NCB diet and the NCA and NCB diets. As it can be concluded, Protease B supplementation provided the best performance results.(AU)

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The Neotropical tribe Sphaenorhynchini is composed of 15 recognized species commonly named as lime treefrogs. Gabohyla pauloalvini occurs in Atlantic Forest lowlands through the states of Bahia and Esprito Santo, Brazil. Based on field observation, literature review, and evaluation of audio files, we conclude that previous bioacoustic descriptions were erroneously assigned to G. pauloalvini. Here, we describe for the first time the advertisement call of G. pauloalvini from two disjunct populations. In addition, we provide new distribution records and an updated map for this species. The advertisement call of G. pauloalvini is composed of 15 closely spaced notes, with duration of 0.0161.976 s, inter-note intervals of 0.3401.25 s, and an average dominant frequency (= fundamental frequency) of 4966.0 Hz. Harmonics are visible in the spectrogram. Three new populations of G. pauloalvini have been recorded and extended the distribution by 60 km south. Nevertheless, G. pauloalvini is still known only from few localities. We highlight the importance of depositing audio recordings and specimens in scientific collections to promote systematics and natural history studies.

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RESUMO

Hyaluronic acid (HA) and gelatin (Gel) are major components of the extracellular matrix of different tissues, and thus are largely appealing for the construction of hybrid hydrogels to combine the favorable characteristics of each biopolymer, such as the gel adhesiveness of Gel and the better mechanical strength of HA, respectively. However, despite previous studies conducted so far, the relationship between composition and scaffold structure and physico-chemical properties has not been completely and systematically established. In this work, pure and hybrid hydrogels of methacroyl-modified HA (HAMA) and Gel (GelMA) were prepared by UV photopolymerization and an extensive characterization was done to elucidate such correlations. Methacrylation degrees of ca. 40% and 11% for GelMA and HAMA, respectively, were obtained, which allows to improve the hydrogels' mechanical properties. Hybrid GelMA/HAMA hydrogels were stiffer, with elastic modulus up to ca. 30 kPa, and porous (up to 91%) compared with pure GelMA ones at similar GelMA concentrations thanks to the interaction between HAMA and GelMA chains in the polymeric matrix. The progressive presence of HAMA gave rise to scaffolds with more disorganized, stiffer, and less porous structures owing to the net increase of mass in the hydrogel compositions. HAMA also made hybrid hydrogels more swellable and resistant to collagenase biodegradation. Hence, the suitable choice of polymeric composition allows to regulate the hydrogels´ physical properties to look for the most optimal characteristics required for the intended tissue engineering application.

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RESUMO

The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 brought to society a health crisis that drastically affected the global economy and brought more restrictive measures to food supply establishments, which are classified as essential activities. However, they had to adapt to the new hygienic-sanitary operating protocol, established through regulations published by the Federal and State Governments in order to reduce the chances of viral spread. The objective of the study was to evaluate the hygienic and sanitary conditions of fish sold in fish markets in the city of Nova Iguaçu/RJ, through questionnaires on the application of good marketing and handling practices, during the lockdown related to the coronavirus pandemic. An observational "checklist" type questionnaire was used to assess the hygienic and sanitary conditions of fish in 13 fish markets located in 7 districts of Nova Iguaçu/RJ. It was observed that in 92% of the establishments visited had materials and equipment in disuse in the outdoor area, had failures in conservation, sanitation and adequate maintenance, without vector and pest control, without a suitable container for waste collection, lack of personal cleanliness and did not present the amount of flaky ice adequate to coat the fish. Thus, it was possible to check that the establishments did not follow the basic rules of hygiene and safety of the fish to reduce the dissemination of the coronavirus, confirming that the commercialization of fish in the fish markets visited in the municipality of Nova Iguaçu/RJ does not meet the recommended standards of hygiene and packaging of the products sold. Therefore, the relevance of this study is to provide fishmongers in the municipality of Nova Iguaçu, practical and viable guidelines for adapting to the legislation, with the main objective of updating and favoring the reinforcement of Good Handling Practices through an illustrative folder distributed later on visits to establishments.

A pandemia causada pelo SARS-CoV-2 trouxe para a sociedade uma crise sanitária que afetou drasticamente a economia global e trouxe medidas mais restritivas para os estabelecimentos fornecedores de alimentos, que são classificados como atividades essenciais. Contudo, tiveram que se adequar ao novo protocolo higiênico-sanitários de funcionamento, estabelecido através de normativas publicadas pelos Governos Federal e Estadual com o intuito de reduzir as chances de disseminação viral. O objetivo do trabalho consistiu em avaliar as condições higiênico-sanitárias do pescado comercializado em peixarias do município de Nova Iguaçu/RJ, através de questionários sobre a aplicação de boas práticas de comercialização e manipulação, durante o “lockdown” referente à pandemia por coronavírus. Utilizou-se um questionário tipo "checklist" observacional para avaliação das condições higiênico-sanitárias do pescado em 13 peixarias, localizadas em 7 bairros de Nova Iguaçu/RJ. Foi observado que em 92% dos estabelecimentos visitados apresentavam materiais e equipamentos em desuso na área externa, apresentavam falhas de conservações, higienização e manutenção adequadas, sem controle de vetores e pragas, sem recipiente adequado para coleta de resíduos, faltava asseio pessoal e não apresentavam a quantidade de gelo em escama adequada para recobrir o pescado. Dessa forma, foi possível verificar que os estabelecimentos não seguiam as normas básicas de higiene e segurança do pescado para reduzir a disseminação do coronavírus, corroborando que a comercialização do pescado nas peixarias visitadas no município de Nova Iguaçu/RJ não atende aos padrões preconizados de higiene e acondicionamento dos produtos comercializados. Sendo assim, a relevância desse estudo consiste em disponibilizar as peixarias do município de Nova Iguaçu, orientações práticas e viáveis de se adequarem a legislação, tendo como objetivo principal atualizar e favorecer o reforço das Boas Práticas de Manipulação através de um folder ilustrativo distribuído posteriormente as visitas aos estabelecimentos.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 brought to society a health crisis that drastically affected the global economy and brought more restrictive measures to food supply establishments, which are classified as essential activities. However, they had to adapt to the new hygienic-sanitary operating protocol, established through regulations published by the Federal and State Governments in order to reduce the chances of viral spread. The objective of the study was to evaluate the hygienic and sanitary conditions of fish sold in fish markets in the city of Nova Iguaçu/RJ, through questionnaires on the application of good marketing and handling practices, during the lockdown related to the coronavirus pandemic. An observational "checklist" type questionnaire was used to assess the hygienic and sanitary conditions of fish in 13 fish markets located in 7 districts of Nova Iguaçu/RJ. It was observed that in 92% of the establishments visited had materials and equipment in disuse in the outdoor area, had failures in conservation, sanitation and adequate maintenance, without vector and pest control, without a suitable container for waste collection, lack of personal cleanliness and did not present the amount of flaky ice adequate to coat the fish. Thus, it was possible to check that the establishments did not follow the basic rules of hygiene and safety of the fish to reduce the dissemination of the coronavirus, confirming that the commercialization of fish in the fish markets visited in the municipality of Nova Iguaçu/RJ does not meet the recommended standards of hygiene and packaging of the products sold. Therefore, the relevance of this study is to provide fishmongers in the municipality of Nova Iguaçu, practical and viable guidelines for adapting to the legislation, with the main objective of updating and favoring the reinforcement of Good Handling Practices through an illustrative folder distributed later on visits to establishments.(AU)

A pandemia causada pelo SARS-CoV-2 trouxe para a sociedade uma crise sanitária que afetou drasticamente a economia global e trouxe medidas mais restritivas para os estabelecimentos fornecedores de alimentos, que são classificados como atividades essenciais. Contudo, tiveram que se adequar ao novo protocolo higiênico-sanitários de funcionamento, estabelecido através de normativas publicadas pelos Governos Federal e Estadual com o intuito de reduzir as chances de disseminação viral. O objetivo do trabalho consistiu em avaliar as condições higiênico-sanitárias do pescado comercializado em peixarias do município de Nova Iguaçu/RJ, através de questionários sobre a aplicação de boas práticas de comercialização e manipulação, durante o “lockdown” referente à pandemia por coronavírus. Utilizou-se um questionário tipo "checklist" observacional para avaliação das condições higiênico-sanitárias do pescado em 13 peixarias, localizadas em 7 bairros de Nova Iguaçu/RJ. Foi observado que em 92% dos estabelecimentos visitados apresentavam materiais e equipamentos em desuso na área externa, apresentavam falhas de conservações, higienização e manutenção adequadas, sem controle de vetores e pragas, sem recipiente adequado para coleta de resíduos, faltava asseio pessoal e não apresentavam a quantidade de gelo em escama adequada para recobrir o pescado. Dessa forma, foi possível verificar que os estabelecimentos não seguiam as normas básicas de higiene e segurança do pescado para reduzir a disseminação do coronavírus, corroborando que a comercialização do pescado nas peixarias visitadas no município de Nova Iguaçu/RJ não atende aos padrões preconizados de higiene e acondicionamento dos produtos comercializados. Sendo assim, a relevância desse estudo consiste em disponibilizar as peixarias do município de Nova Iguaçu, orientações práticas e viáveis de se adequarem a legislação, tendo como objetivo principal atualizar e favorecer o reforço das Boas Práticas de Manipulação através de um folder ilustrativo distribuído posteriormente as visitas aos estabelecimentos.(AU)

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RESUMO

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a diversidade genética do gene HSP-70.1 e associar os polimorfismos encontrados com a performance de vacas leiteiras das raças Holandesa, Girolando (5/8H-G) e Sindi criadas em região do semiárido brasileiro. Os polimorfismos foram identificados e avaliados pela técnica de PCR-RFLP, usando-se a enzima de restrição EcoRII. Avaliou-se a variabilidade genética por meio do índice de diversidade padrão e da análise de variância molecular (AMOVA). Os polimorfismos identificados foram avaliados sobre as características de produção de leite. Foram identificados sete alelos, os quais demonstraram que houve polimorfismo para a região gênica analisada, e alguns alelos foram compartilhados entre os rebanhos. As raças bovinas Holandesa e Sindi foram similares geneticamente para o gene analisado. A AMOVA demonstrou que há variação genética entre os rebanhos e dentro deles, com a maior parte da variação ocorrendo dentro dos rebanhos para todos os grupos avaliados. Houve efeito dos alelos identificados sobre a produção de leite dos rebanhos das raças Holandesa (P<0,0001) e Girolando (P<0,0117). O gene HSP-70.1 foi polimórfico na população de bovinos leiteiros estudada, sendo, portanto, um marcador molecular promissor para avaliar a produção de leite de raças criadas em região semiárida.(AU)

The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic diversity of the HSP-70.1 gene and to associate the polymorphisms found with the performance of Holstein, Girolando (5/8H-G) and Sindi dairy cows raised in region of the Brazilian semiarid. Polymorphisms were identified and evaluated using the PCR-RFLP technique using the EcoRII restriction enzyme. Genetic variability was evaluated using the standard diversity index and molecular variance analysis (AMOVA). The identified polymorphisms were evaluated on the characteristics of milk production. They were identified from the seven alleles, demonstrating that there was polymorphism for the analyzed gene region and some alleles were shared among the herds. The Holstein and Sindi bovine breeds were genetically like the analyzed gene. AMOVA demonstrated that there is genetic variation between and within the herds, with most of the variation occurring within the herds for all groups evaluated. There was effect of the alleles identified on the production of milk herds of Holstein and (P<0.0001) Girolando (P<0.0117) breeds. The HSP-70.1 gene was polymorphic in the population of dairy cattle studied, and therefore a promising molecular marker to evaluate milk production of breeds created in semiarid regions.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a diversidade genética do gene HSP-70.1 e associar os polimorfismos encontrados com a performance de vacas leiteiras das raças Holandesa, Girolando (5/8H-G) e Sindi criadas em região do semiárido brasileiro. Os polimorfismos foram identificados e avaliados pela técnica de PCR-RFLP, usando-se a enzima de restrição EcoRII. Avaliou-se a variabilidade genética por meio do índice de diversidade padrão e da análise de variância molecular (AMOVA). Os polimorfismos identificados foram avaliados sobre as características de produção de leite. Foram identificados sete alelos, os quais demonstraram que houve polimorfismo para a região gênica analisada, e alguns alelos foram compartilhados entre os rebanhos. As raças bovinas Holandesa e Sindi foram similares geneticamente para o gene analisado. A AMOVA demonstrou que há variação genética entre os rebanhos e dentro deles, com a maior parte da variação ocorrendo dentro dos rebanhos para todos os grupos avaliados. Houve efeito dos alelos identificados sobre a produção de leite dos rebanhos das raças Holandesa (P<0,0001) e Girolando (P<0,0117). O gene HSP-70.1 foi polimórfico na população de bovinos leiteiros estudada, sendo, portanto, um marcador molecular promissor para avaliar a produção de leite de raças criadas em região semiárida.(AU)

The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic diversity of the HSP-70.1 gene and to associate the polymorphisms found with the performance of Holstein, Girolando (5/8H-G) and Sindi dairy cows raised in region of the Brazilian semiarid. Polymorphisms were identified and evaluated using the PCR-RFLP technique using the EcoRII restriction enzyme. Genetic variability was evaluated using the standard diversity index and molecular variance analysis (AMOVA). The identified polymorphisms were evaluated on the characteristics of milk production. They were identified from the seven alleles, demonstrating that there was polymorphism for the analyzed gene region and some alleles were shared among the herds. The Holstein and Sindi bovine breeds were genetically like the analyzed gene. AMOVA demonstrated that there is genetic variation between and within the herds, with most of the variation occurring within the herds for all groups evaluated. There was effect of the alleles identified on the production of milk herds of Holstein and (P<0.0001) Girolando (P<0.0117) breeds. The HSP-70.1 gene was polymorphic in the population of dairy cattle studied, and therefore a promising molecular marker to evaluate milk production of breeds created in semiarid regions.(AU)

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RESUMO

The magnetic properties of the double perovskites Sm2Mn1+x Co1-x O6 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.12 and 0.26) were investigated. It was found that the Curie temperature, the lattice parameters and the net magnetic moments increased for increasing amounts of Co. An irreversible behavior was observed by measuring the magnetization after cooling the sample with and without applied magnetic fields (H). The temperature below which the irreversibility was observed is H dependent and the data were nicely fit to de Almeida-Thouless lines. The ac magnetic susceptibility was measured for frequencies f  in the range 0.03-10 kHz yielding [Formula: see text] for the shifting in the freezing temperature per decade of f . The spin-dynamics were found to follow a power-law with a product of the critical exponents [Formula: see text] of about 4.99. The overall results are understood within a framework where the variation in the bonding angle associated to the super-exchange interactions are taken into consideration.