RESUMO
The main objective of this study was to investigate the role of wild rodents as Leptospira spp. reservoirs in a suburban area of Tandil city, Buenos Aires province (Argentina), where a person had died due to pulmonary leptospirosis. The specific objectives were: to estimate the rodent density near the patient's home, to determine the serological prevalence and isolation of leptospirosis from wild rodents, and to identify the isolated strains. The area examined was a suburban neighbourhood in Tandil near the Langueyú stream, where the patient's house is located. Rattus norvegicus were trapped on the stream banks during two nights and a high capture rate (70%), was obtained. All rats (42) were examined serologically by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), and 22 of them (52.3%) reacted with Leptospira serovars castellonis, canicola, grippotyphosa, icterohaemorrhagiae and hebdomadis at a titer of 1:50. The kidneys from 25 animals were cultured, and 24 isolates of L. interrogans (96%) were obtained. The isolated strains were identified as Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup by MAT performed with rabbit hyperimmune reference sera. These findings showed a high density of suburban rodents highly infected with pathogenic leptospira, sharing environment in close contact with humans with evidence of leptospiral disease.
Assuntos
Reservatórios de Doenças/microbiologia , Inundações , Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae/isolamento & purificação , Leptospirose/veterinária , Ratos/microbiologia , Doenças dos Roedores/epidemiologia , Microbiologia da Água , Poluição da Água , Animais , Animais Selvagens/microbiologia , Argentina/epidemiologia , Evolução Fatal , Humanos , Leptospirose/epidemiologia , Leptospirose/microbiologia , Leptospirose/transmissão , Masculino , Doenças dos Roedores/microbiologia , Doenças dos Roedores/transmissão , Saúde Suburbana , Urina/microbiologia , Adulto Jovem , ZoonosesRESUMO
An immunohistochemistry (IHC) procedure for the detection of Campylobacter fetus antigens using an avidin-biotin complex technique was performed on formalin fixed bovine and ovine fetal tissues from 26 natural cases of Campylobacter spp. abortion (four ovine and 22 bovine). The species of Campylobacter isolated included C. fetus ssp. venerealis from 13 bovine fetuses, C. fetus ssp. fetus from two ovine and one bovine fetus, Campylobacter jejuni from seven bovine fetuses, Campylobacter lari from two ovine fetuses and an unspeciated Campylobacter species in one bovine fetus. Histologic lesions identified in the aborted fetuses included placentitis, serositis, pneumonia, gastroenteritis, hepatitis and encephalitis. Campylobacter fetus antigens were identified by IHC in 13 of 13 bovine fetuses from which C. fetus ssp. venerealis was isolated and in two of two ovine fetuses from which C. fetus ssp. fetus was isolated. The IHC stains were negative in tissues from seven bovine fetuses from which C. jejuni was isolated, one bovine fetus infected with C. fetus ssp. fetus, one bovine fetus infected with the unspeciated Campylobacter and two ovine fetuses infected with C. lari. In positive cases, the IHC stain most frequently identified bacteria in the lung and gastrointestinal tract. The C. fetus IHC procedure performed on formalin fixed tissues is a practical tool for the diagnosis of natural cases of ovine and bovine abortion caused by C. fetus.
Assuntos
Aborto Animal/microbiologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/veterinária , Campylobacter fetus/isolamento & purificação , Doenças dos Bovinos/diagnóstico , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Doenças dos Ovinos/diagnóstico , Animais , Infecções por Campylobacter/diagnóstico , Infecções por Campylobacter/microbiologia , Campylobacter fetus/imunologia , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/patologia , Feminino , Gravidez , Estudos Retrospectivos , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/microbiologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/patologiaRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to characterize the exposure of bovine aborted fetuses from beef and dairy herds of the humid pampas of Argentina to different infectious agents by the evaluation of fetal fluid antibodies. Presence of fetal antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 1 (BVDV-1), bovine herpes virus type 1 (BHV-1), Leptospira interrogans, Brucella abortus, and Neospora caninum was determined. Of the 95 fetuses processed, 66 came from 49 beef herds and 29 from 12 dairy herds. The average gestational age of the aborted fetuses was 7.1 months. Antibodies to the mentioned agents were detected in 65 of the 95 fetal fluids (68.4%). In addition, antibodies to more than one infectious agent were detected in 32 fetuses (33.7%), suggesting fetal exposure to multiple antigens during gestation. There were antibodies to BVDV-1, BHV-1, N. caninum and Leptospira interrogans in 43 (45.2%), 29 (30.5%), 26 (27.4%) and 5 (5.2%) specimens, respectively. Antibodies to B. abortus were not detected in any of the fetal fluids. The results of this study provide information on the determination of antibodies in fluids from bovine aborted fetuses exposed to different infectious agents in the region.
Assuntos
Aborto Animal/imunologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/imunologia , Doenças Fetais/veterinária , Feto/imunologia , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/veterinária , Aborto Animal/embriologia , Aborto Animal/epidemiologia , Líquido Amniótico/imunologia , Animais , Argentina/epidemiologia , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/embriologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Feminino , Doenças Fetais/epidemiologia , Doenças Fetais/imunologia , Idade Gestacional , Herpesvirus Bovino 1/imunologia , Leptospira interrogans/imunologia , Gravidez , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/imunologiaRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to characterize the exposure of bovine aborted fetuses from beef and dairy herds of the humid pampas of Argentina to different infectious agents by the evaluation of fetal fluid antibodies. Presence of fetal antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 1 (BVDV-1), bovine herpes virus type 1 (BHV-1), Leptospira interrogans, Brucella abortus, and Neospora caninum was determined. Of the 95 fetuses processed, 66 came from 49 beef herds and 29 from 12 dairy herds. The average gestational age of the aborted fetuses was 7.1 months. Antibodies to the mentioned agents were detected in 65 of the 95 fetal fluids (68.4
). In addition, antibodies to more than one infectious agent were detected in 32 fetuses (33.7
), suggesting fetal exposure to multiple antigens during gestation. There were antibodies to BVDV-1, BHV-1, N. caninum and Leptospira interrogans in 43 (45.2
) and 5 (5.2
) specimens, respectively. Antibodies to B. abortus were not detected in any of the fetal fluids. The results of this study provide information on the determination of antibodies in fluids from bovine aborted fetuses exposed to different infectious agents in the region.
RESUMO
The purpose of this study was to characterize the exposure of bovine aborted fetuses from beef and dairy herds of the humid pampas of Argentina to different infectious agents by the evaluation of fetal fluid antibodies. Presence of fetal antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 1 (BVDV-1), bovine herpes virus type 1 (BHV-1), Leptospira interrogans, Brucella abortus, and Neospora caninum was determined. Of the 95 fetuses processed, 66 came from 49 beef herds and 29 from 12 dairy herds. The average gestational age of the aborted fetuses was 7.1 months. Antibodies to the mentioned agents were detected in 65 of the 95 fetal fluids (68.4
). In addition, antibodies to more than one infectious agent were detected in 32 fetuses (33.7
), suggesting fetal exposure to multiple antigens during gestation. There were antibodies to BVDV-1, BHV-1, N. caninum and Leptospira interrogans in 43 (45.2
), 29 (30.5
), 26 (27.4
) and 5 (5.2
) specimens, respectively. Antibodies to B. abortus were not detected in any of the fetal fluids. The results of this study provide information on the determination of antibodies in fluids from bovine aborted fetuses exposed to different infectious agents in the region.
RESUMO
Group A Bovine Rotavirus (BRV) has been identified as a major cause of neonatal diarrhea in cattle. The study was aimed to determine the prevalence of BRV and to antigenically characterize the G-types of circulating strains in dairy and beef herds in Argentina. A total of 1129 stool samples from diarrheic calves was analyzed from 1994 to 1999. The samples were initially screened for RV by ELISA and PAGE, and then G-typed using monoclonal antibodies (Mab) directed against G1, G2, G3, G6 and G10-specific epitopes. Forty percent (452/1129) of the samples were positive for RV by ELISA, while 24.7% (279/1129) were also positive for PAGE. VP7 was detected in the 70.5% (319/452) of the positive samples using a broadly reactive Mab (C60); 32.6% (104/319) were G6, 15.4% (49/319) were G10, and 6% (19/319) were G1. However, 46.1% (147/319) of the samples remained untypable. Rotavirus diarrhea prevalences were comparable in beef and dairy herds (87.3% and a 74.4%, respectively). Finally, G6 was the most prevalent G-type circulating in beef herds while G10 prevailed in dairy herds. A better understanding of RV epidemiology will contribute to the optimization of current vaccines and prevention programs of RV diarrhea in calves.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/virologia , Diarreia/veterinária , Infecções por Rotavirus/veterinária , Rotavirus/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Anticorpos Monoclonais/imunologia , Anticorpos Antivirais/imunologia , Argentina/epidemiologia , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Diarreia/epidemiologia , Diarreia/virologia , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Fezes/virologia , Prevalência , Rotavirus/classificação , Rotavirus/imunologia , Infecções por Rotavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Rotavirus/virologia , Proteínas Virais/imunologiaRESUMO
Group A Bovine Rotavirus (BRV) has been identified as a major cause of neonatal diarrhea in cattle. The study was aimed to determine the prevalence of BRV and to antigenically characterize the G-types of circulating strains in dairy and beef herds in Argentina. A total of 1129 stool samples from diarrheic calves was analyzed from 1994 to 1999. The samples were initially screened for RV by ELISA and PAGE, and then G-typed using monoclonal antibodies (Mab) directed against G1, G2, G3, G6 and G10-specific epitopes. Forty percent (452/1129) of the samples were positive for RV by ELISA, while 24.7 (279/1129) were also positive for PAGE. VP7 was detected in the 70.5 (319/452) of the positive samples using a broadly reactive Mab (C60); 32.6 (104/319) were G6, 15.4 (49/319) were G10, and 6 (19/319) were G1. However, 46.1 (147/319) of the samples remained untypable. Rotavirus diarrhea prevalences were comparable in beef and dairy herds (87.3 and a 74.4, respectively). Finally, G6 was the most prevalent G-type circulating in beef herds while G10 prevailed in dairy herds. A better understanding of RV epidemiology will contribute to the optimization of current vaccines and prevention programs of RV diarrhea in calves.
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Diarreia , Doenças dos Bovinos/virologia , Infecções por Rotavirus/veterinária , Rotavirus , Anticorpos Monoclonais , Anticorpos Antivirais , Argentina , Diarreia , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Fezes , Infecções por Rotavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Rotavirus/virologia , Prevalência , Proteínas Virais/imunologia , RotavirusRESUMO
Group A Bovine Rotavirus (BRV) has been identified as a major cause of neonatal diarrhea in cattle. The study was aimed to determine the prevalence of BRV and to antigenically characterize the G-types of circulating strains in dairy and beef herds in Argentina. A total of 1129 stool samples from diarrheic calves was analyzed from 1994 to 1999. The samples were initially screened for RV by ELISA and PAGE, and then G-typed using monoclonal antibodies (Mab) directed against G1, G2, G3, G6 and G10-specific epitopes. Forty percent (452/1129) of the samples were positive for RV by ELISA, while 24.7 (279/1129) were also positive for PAGE. VP7 was detected in the 70.5 (319/452) of the positive samples using a broadly reactive Mab (C60); 32.6 (104/319) were G6, 15.4 (49/319) were G10, and 6 (19/319) were G1. However, 46.1 (147/319) of the samples remained untypable. Rotavirus diarrhea prevalences were comparable in beef and dairy herds (87.3 and a 74.4, respectively). Finally, G6 was the most prevalent G-type circulating in beef herds while G10 prevailed in dairy herds. A better understanding of RV epidemiology will contribute to the optimization of current vaccines and prevention programs of RV diarrhea in calves.(AU)
Assuntos
Estudo Comparativo , Animais , Bovinos , RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOVT , Doenças dos Bovinos/virologia , Diarreia/veterinária , Rotavirus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Rotavirus/veterinária , Anticorpos Monoclonais/imunologia , Anticorpos Antivirais/imunologia , Argentina/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Diarreia/epidemiologia , Diarreia/virologia , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Fezes/virologia , Prevalência , Rotavirus/classificação , Rotavirus/imunologia , Infecções por Rotavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Rotavirus/virologia , Proteínas Virais/imunologiaRESUMO
Group A Bovine Rotavirus (BRV) has been identified as a major cause of neonatal diarrhea in cattle. The study was aimed to determine the prevalence of BRV and to antigenically characterize the G-types of circulating strains in dairy and beef herds in Argentina. A total of 1129 stool samples from diarrheic calves was analyzed from 1994 to 1999. The samples were initially screened for RV by ELISA and PAGE, and then G-typed using monoclonal antibodies (Mab) directed against G1, G2, G3, G6 and G10-specific epitopes. Forty percent (452/1129) of the samples were positive for RV by ELISA, while 24.7
(279/1129) were also positive for PAGE. VP7 was detected in the 70.5
(319/452) of the positive samples using a broadly reactive Mab (C60); 32.6
(104/319) were G6, 15.4
(49/319) were G10, and 6
(19/319) were G1. However, 46.1
(147/319) of the samples remained untypable. Rotavirus diarrhea prevalences were comparable in beef and dairy herds (87.3
and a 74.4
, respectively). Finally, G6 was the most prevalent G-type circulating in beef herds while G10 prevailed in dairy herds. A better understanding of RV epidemiology will contribute to the optimization of current vaccines and prevention programs of RV diarrhea in calves.
RESUMO
In Argentina Bovine Genital Campylobacteriosis is routinely diagnosed by direct immunofluorescence test. Generally, the hyperimmune sera used for this test are obtained from rabbits and less often from goats. In this work, a chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) extract was conjugated and its ability to detect campylobacters with the regular conjugate prepared with rabbit sera was comparatively evaluated. Both conjugates were independently evaluated by two laboratories, named "Azul" (Lab A) and "Balcarce" (Lab B). Animals were immunised with formalin inactivated Campylobacter (C.) fetus cells. Chicken IgY and rabbit IgG were conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate and used to comparatively examine strains of C. fetus subspp., other Campylobacter spp. and different bacterial species. Both conjugates had a high percentage rate of detection for C. fetus. IgY had less background due to unspecific fluorescence than IgG. IgY is a cheap, bloodless and very productive method. IgY can replace mammal immunoglobulins for C. fetus diagnosis.