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PURPOSE: To evaluate the performance of the rapid colorimetric polymyxin B microelution (RCPEm) in determining polymyxin B resistance directly from Enterobacterales-positive blood cultures. METHODS: A set volume of positive blood culture bottles (diluted 1:10) was inoculated into a glucose-broth-phenol red solution (NP solution), where a polymyxin B disk was previously eluted (final concentration of 3 µg/mL). Test was read each 1 h for up to 4 h. Color change from red/orange to yellow indicated resistant isolates. Results were compared to the reference method, broth microdilution (BMD), performed from colonies grown on solid media from the same blood culture bottle. RESULTS: One hundred fifty-two Enterobacterales-positive blood cultures were evaluated, 22.4% (34/152) of them resistant to polymyxin B (including 6.6% with borderline MICs). When performing directly from positive blood cultures (RCPEm-BC), specificity and sensitivity were 99.1% and 94.1%, respectively. Of note, 79.4% (27/34) of truly resistant isolates required 3 h of incubation, compared to the 18 ± 2 h incubation that microtiter plates of BMD demand before reading can be performed. CONCLUSIONS: RCPEm directly from blood cultures has great potential to be part of the routine of clinical microbiology laboratories to establish polymyxin B susceptibility, impacting outcome of patients with bloodstream infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales.

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Despite the development of efficient boar semen extenders, there is still room for improvement of new formulas using new molecules that could increase fertilisation outcomes and substitute cryoprotectants and antibiotics. The goal of this work was to evaluate if the essential oils from the leaves of Myrrhinium atropurpureum and Cymbopogon citratus are suitable as additives in boar semen extender. The major compounds found in the essential oils from M. atropurpureum were 1,8-cineole (37.37%) and terpinolene (19.18%); and geranial (49.8%) and neral (33.24%) in essential oil of C. citratus. The addition of 1% and 0.1% of both essential oils to extended semen had immediate spermicidal effects (p < 0.05). Lower concentrations were tested and no cytotoxic effect was observed when M. atropurpureum essential oil was added at 0.001%. Differently, essential oil from C. citratus reduced sperm motility, membrane functionality and integrity and mitochondrial membrane potential even in concentrations as low as 0.001%. Also, addition of essential oils in low concentrations had no inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth. We conclude that the essential oils from C. citratus and M. atropurpureum, rich in monoterpenes, are cytotoxic to swine spermatozoa, therefore unsuitable as semen extender additives.

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Na perspectiva foucaultiana de discurso, uma formação discursiva é sempre efeito de ruptura de discursividades coexistentes. Assim, no intuito de investigar a discursividade da saúde mental coletiva, esta dissertação aciona três formações discursivas que a engendram: o discurso da saúde coletiva, enquanto inflexão do discurso sanitário; o discurso antimanicomial, como defensor de uma sociedade sem manicômios; e o discurso da universidade, enquanto instituidor de espaços de saber-poder. As residências multiprofissionais, nesse contexto, são compreendidas como dispositivos dessa nova composição discursiva, na medida em que oferecem aparatos institucionais e cumprem com funções estratégicas específicas, como a de formar trabalhadores para o SUS. Assim, residentes são reconhecidos como sujeitos que enunciam a discursividade em foco, ao mesmo tempo em que representam a produção de subjetividade deste novo campo discursivo. Partindo desta construção, convidamos residentes egressos de Programas de Residência em Saúde Mental Coletiva para responderem à seguinte pergunta: "Você compreende que há diferença nas concepções de 'saúde mental' e 'saúde mental coletiva'?". Esta dissertação é resultado da análise de discurso que, ao extrair enunciados das respostas dos residentes egressos, os relaciona com práticas não discursivas encontradas no interior do dispositivo das residências. Dentre uma heterogenia de respostas, aparecem afirmações, repetições, divergências e contradições as quais desenham algumas construções conceituais das noções pesquisadas, ao mesmo tempo em que evidenciam alguns impasses e desafios que se produzem na articulação dessa temática. Das impressões marcadas pela pesquisa, destaca-se o paradoxo que dualiza indivíduo e sociedade, clínica e política e a variabilidade conceitual dos termos saúde mental e saúde mental coletiva.

In the Foucauldian perspective of discourse, a discursive formation is always the breaking effect of coexisting discourses. Thus, to investigate the discursiveness of collective mental health, this dissertation triggers three discursive formations that engender it: the collective health discourse, as an inflection of the sanitary discourse; the anti-asylum discourse, as a defender of a society without asylums; and the university discourse, as a founder of powerknowledge spaces. The multi-professional residences, in this context, are understood as devices of this new discursive composition, since they offer institutional apparatuses and fulfill specific strategic functions, such as to train workers for SUS. Thus, residents are recognized as subjects that enunciate the discursiveness in focus, while at the same time represent the production of subjectivity of this new discursive field. Starting from this construction, residents egressed from Mental Health Residency Programs were invited to respond to the following question: "Do you understand that there is a difference in the conceptions of 'mental health' and 'collective mental health'?". This dissertation is the result of a discourse analysis which, in extracting statements from the answers of the egressed residents, relates them to non-discursive practices found within the device of the residences. Among the heterogeneity of answers, there are affirmations, repetitions, divergences and contradictions which design some conceptual constructions of the notions researched, while show some impasses and challenges that occur in the articulation of this thematic. Of the impressions marked by the research, stands out the paradox that dualizes individual and society, clinic and politics, and the conceptual variability of the terms mental health and collective mental health.

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Preceramic human skeletal remains preserved in submerged caves near Tulum in the Mexican state of Quintana Roo, Mexico, reveal conflicting results regarding 14C dating. Here we use U-series techniques for dating a stalagmite overgrowing the pelvis of a human skeleton discovered in the submerged Chan Hol cave. The oldest closed system U/Th age comes from around 21 mm above the pelvis defining the terminus ante quem for the pelvis to 11311±370 y BP. However, the skeleton might be considerable older, probably as old as 13 ky BP as indicated by the speleothem stable isotope data. The Chan Hol individual confirms a late Pleistocene settling of Mesoamerica and represents one of the oldest human osteological remains in America.

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In the last decade, the development of diverse bioanalytical methodologies based on mass spectrometry imaging has increased, as has their application in biomedical questions. The distribution analysis of elements (metals, semimetals, and non-metals) in biological samples is a point of interest in life sciences, especially within the context of metallomics, which is the scientific field that encompasses the global analysis of the entirety of elemental species inside a cell or tissue. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) has been efficiently employed to generate qualitative and quantitative maps of elemental distribution in thin tissue sections of a variety of biological samples, for example, brain, cartilage, spinal cord, etc. The combination of elemental with molecular mass spectrometry allows obtaining information about the elements bound to proteins, when they are previously separated by gel electrophoresis (metalloproteomics), and also adding a new dimension to molecular mass spectrometry imaging by the correlation of molecular and elemental distribution maps in definite regions in a biological tissue. In the present review, recent biomedical applications in LA-ICP-MS imaging as a stand-alone technique and in combination with molecular mass spectrometry imaging techniques are discussed. Applications of LA-ICP-MS in the study of neurodegenerative diseases, distribution of contrast agents and metallodrugs, and metalloproteomics will be focused in this review. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 36:47-57, 2017.

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O Acompanhamento Juvenil (AJ) é proposto no âmbito da prática da psicologia em extensão acadêmica no contexto de políticas públicas. Configura-se como uma prática, inspirada no Acompanhamento Terapêutico (AT), que busca estar com jovens para pensar a infração e o abandono nos processos de institucionalização vividos em medidas socioeducativa e protetiva. O exercício de construção com jovens de novas relações com a cidade evidencia o AJ como uma prática de análise das relações juvenis na rede que compõe as políticas públicas. Para tal tarefa, o diálogo com a pesquisa-intervenção e a esquizoanálise indicou três ferramentas conceituais: experimentar, escrever e cartografar. Os modos de escrever, produzidos pela equipe da psicologia através de um diário coletivo, enunciam a experimentação de percursos geográficos e existências e a análise de acompanhados e acompanhantes. Assim, emerge o AJ como uma estratégia de intervenção clínica e institucional na intervenção juvenil.

This study propounds the Youthful Accompaniment (YA) in the ambit of psychology practices, arising from academic extension experiences in public politics. This practice is being taken as work strategy, inspired in another methodology called Therapeutic Accompaniment (TA), and brings the idea to be with young to think the youthful involvement with abandoning and infraction in institutional contexts. The construction of new relations with the city shows how the YA can give visibility to youth movements and your effects into institutional nets - in public politics context. A dialogue with intervention research and esquizoanalyse had shown us three conceptual tools: the experimenting, the writing and the cartography. The ways to write, produced by the psychology team, through a collective diary, announces experimentations produced in existential and geographic territories and in involved people's analyses. In this way, the YA becomes a clinical and institutional intervention strategy which works with youthful politics.

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O Acompanhamento Juvenil (AJ) é proposto no âmbito da prática da psicologia em extensão acadêmica no contexto de políticas públicas. Configura-se como uma prática, inspirada no Acompanhamento Terapêutico (AT), que busca estar com jovens para pensar a infração e o abandono nos processos de institucionalização vividos em medidas socioeducativa e protetiva. O exercício de construção com jovens de novas relações com a cidade evidencia o AJ como uma prática de análise das relações juvenis na rede que compõe as políticas públicas. Para tal tarefa, o diálogo com a pesquisa-intervenção e a esquizoanálise indicou três ferramentas conceituais: experimentar, escrever e cartografar. Os modos de escrever, produzidos pela equipe da psicologia através de um diário coletivo, enunciam a experimentação de percursos geográficos e existências e a análise de acompanhados e acompanhantes. Assim, emerge o AJ como uma estratégia de intervenção clínica e institucional na intervenção juvenil.(AU)

This study propounds the Youthful Accompaniment (YA) in the ambit of psychology practices, arising from academic extension experiences in public politics. This practice is being taken as work strategy, inspired in another methodology called Therapeutic Accompaniment (TA), and brings the idea to be with young to think the youthful involvement with abandoning and infraction in institutional contexts. The construction of new relations with the city shows how the YA can give visibility to youth movements and your effects into institutional nets - in public politics context. A dialogue with intervention research and esquizoanalyse had shown us three conceptual tools: the experimenting, the writing and the cartography. The ways to write, produced by the psychology team, through a collective diary, announces experimentations produced in existential and geographic territories and in involved people's analyses. In this way, the YA becomes a clinical and institutional intervention strategy which works with youthful politics.(AU)

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