RESUMO
Single individuals of 2 little-known cetacean species, Mesoplodon hectori and Phocoena dioptrica , stranded and died on the coast of Argentina (Buenos Aires and Chubut provinces, respectively) and were studied for the presence of helminths. The cestodes found were described and illustrated using light microscopy. The following cestode taxa were recovered: Tetrabothrius ( Tetrabothrius ) hobergi n. sp. (several fragmented specimens, at least 1 gravid) and Tetrabothrius ( s.l. ) sp. 1 (several fragmented immature specimens) from M. hectori , and Tetrabothrius ( s.l. ) sp. 2 (single fragmented immature specimen) and 2 morphotypes of tetraphyllidean larvae from P. dioptrica. Tetrabothrius ( T. ) hobergi n. sp. can be distinguished from Tetrabothrius ( T. ) forsteri by the greater number of testes and larger eggs and oncospheres, from Tetrabothrius ( T. ) curilensis by the smaller testes and vitellarium, the shape and size of the ovary, and the larger oncospheres and longer embryonic hooks, and from Tetrabothrius ( T. ) sp. from Ziphius cavirostris by the narrower strobila, smaller scolex, and smaller number of testes. The generic designations of Tetrabothrius ( s.l. ) sp. 1 and Tetrabothrius ( s.l. ) sp. 2 were based on the scolex morphology. Tetrabothrius ( s.l. ) sp. 1 is closest to Tetrabothrius ( T. ) forsteri and Tetrabothrius ( Biamniculus ) innominatus based on the number of testes, while the scolex size of Tetrabothrius ( Tetrabothrius ) sp. 2 is within the variability range reported for Tetrabothrius ( T. ) forsteri . More definite identification of the 2 species was not possible due to the condition of the available material. The present study provides the first descriptions of cestodes from M. hectori and P. dioptrica , thus enriching the knowledge regarding the helminths of insufficiently studied marine mammals.
Assuntos
Cestoides/classificação , Infecções por Cestoides/veterinária , Phocoena/parasitologia , Baleias/parasitologia , Animais , Argentina , Cestoides/anatomia & histologia , Infecções por Cestoides/parasitologia , Feminino , Intestinos/parasitologiaRESUMO
There is an increasing interest in parasites of marine mammals of Argentina. Here, we examined several poorly known cetaceans, i.e., 2 spectacled porpoises and 1 Burmeister's porpoise (Phocoenidae), and 1 Gray's beaked whale and 1 Cuvier's beaked whale (Ziphidae); we also updated the parasite information for 1 sperm whale (Physeteridae). These hosts strand only occasionally. We found Anisakis simplex s.l. in 2 spectacled porpoises and the Burmeister's porpoise, and recorded its distribution among the stomach chambers. Anisakis physeteris infected the sperm whale; Corynosoma cetaceum occurred in the duodenal ampulla of the Burmeister's porpoise; Corynosoma australe was found in the posterior-most region of the intestine of 1 spectacled porpoise, while another one had Tetrabothrius sp. in the anal crypts; Corynosoma bullosum and Corynosoma sp. were found in the sperm whale. The only digenean found was Pholeter gastrophilus in the Burmeister's porpoise. Merocercoids of Phyllobothrium delphini were present in the blubber of 1 spectacled porpoise, the sperm whale, and the Gray's beaked whale, while Scolex pleuronectis infected the Gray's beaked whale and 1 spectacled porpoise. No parasites were recovered from the Cuvier's beaked whale. Poor parasite-species assemblages are consistent in marine mammals of Patagonia. Given the conservation status of these hosts, the limited parasitological information gathered is valuable for conservation or management of these hosts in Patagonia.
Assuntos
Helmintíase Animal/parasitologia , Toninhas/parasitologia , Baleias/parasitologia , Acantocéfalos/isolamento & purificação , Tecido Adiposo/parasitologia , Animais , Anisaquíase/parasitologia , Anisaquíase/veterinária , Anisakis/isolamento & purificação , Cestoides/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Cestoides/parasitologia , Infecções por Cestoides/veterinária , Feminino , Intestinos/parasitologia , Masculino , Gravidez , Estômago/parasitologiaRESUMO
We studied the helminths of 18 common dolphins, Delphinus delphis, from northern Patagonia. Parasites were found only in the gastrointestinal tract. Four species were in the stomach, the nematode Anisakis simplex, the acanthocephalan Corynosoma cetaceum, and the digeneans Braunina cordiformis and Pholeter gastrophilus, plus 1 digenean in the hepatopancreatic ducts, Oschmarinella rochebruni. Infection levels were low (0-155 parasites). Braunina cordiformis and C. cetaceum were the most prevalent species. Anisakis simplex was mainly concentrated in the forestomach, B. cordiformis in the main stomach, and C. cetaceum in the pyloric stomach. Component diversity was low and component evenness was intermediate. Infracommunity diversity was also low, and the mean evenness was higher than at the component community level. Low prevalence in common dolphins is consistent with parasite assemblages of other cetaceans off Patagonia. None of the parasites found is specific to this host species within the study area. We suggest that potential prey are probably important in parasite transmission in this and other dolphins from the Patagonian region.
Assuntos
Golfinhos/parasitologia , Ecossistema , Trato Gastrointestinal/parasitologia , Helmintíase Animal/parasitologia , Helmintos/classificação , Enteropatias Parasitárias/parasitologia , Animais , Argentina , Dieta , Golfinhos/fisiologia , Feminino , Helmintos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Helmintos/isolamento & purificação , Masculino , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
An endometrial adenocarcinoma with areas of squamous differentiation and generalised metastasis was observed in a bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus stranded in northern Patagonia in July 1997. This is the second report of a uterine adenocarcinoma in a free-living cetacean and the first in a Delphinidae. This neoplasm likely compromised reproduction for several years. In addition, the dolphin presented tattoo-like skin lesions and its digestive tract was infested by Anisakis simplex, Pseudoterranova sp., Braunina cordiformis and Corynosoma australe.