RESUMO
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Academic recognition of the implications of religion/spirituality (R/S) for mental health is increasing, with a growing number of studies involving older adults. The present review provides an overview of these studies, highlighting the influence of R/S on older adults' mental health and the clinical implications of addressing R/S in the geriatrics and gerontology context. RECENT FINDINGS: The available evidence suggests that R/S involvement is usually associated with lower levels of depression, substance use/abuse, and cognitive declining and better quality of life, well being, and functional status in older persons. Despite the number of studies showing this relationship, few have yet investigated the effects of addressing spiritual needs or carrying out R/S interventions in this age group. SUMMARY: Evidence is mounting that R/S is most important in geriatric psychiatry. In general, studies have shown a positive relationship between R/S and mental health in the older population. Health professionals should be attentive to these spiritual needs. Nevertheless, more studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms of the R/S-mental health association and how to integrate R/S in clinical practice.
Assuntos
Envelhecimento/psicologia , Psiquiatria Geriátrica/métodos , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Espiritualidade , Idoso , Humanos , Saúde MentalRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive (MI) gastrectomy has become increasingly common as a resection technique for gastric cancer; however, data are limited regarding peri-operative morbidity, oncologic outcomes and long-term survival, particularly in the Western patient population. STUDY DESIGN: The 2010-2012 National Cancer Data Base was queried for adult patients who underwent gastrectomy for localized, intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma. Patients were classified by surgical approach (MI vs. open gastrectomy) on an intent-to-treat basis. Groups were propensity score matched using a 1:1 nearest neighbor algorithm, and outcomes were compared. Survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Among 5420 patients, 1423 (26%) underwent MI gastrectomy. Following adjustment with propensity matching, all baseline characteristics were highly similar between 1175 patients in each treatment group. Between propensity-matched groups, MI gastrectomy patients had similar rates of margin-negative resections (91 vs. 90%, p = 0.447), median lymph node harvest (16 vs. 15, p = 0.104), and utilization of adjuvant therapies (28 vs. 28%, p = 0.748). MI gastrectomy was associated with shorter hospital stay (8 vs. 9 days, p < 0.001) without an increase in unplanned readmissions (7 vs. 6%, p = 0.456) or 30-day mortality (2 vs. 3%, p = 0.655). There was no difference in 3-year overall survival (50 vs. 55%, p = 0.359). CONCLUSIONS: On a national level, MI gastrectomy for gastric cancer appears to be associated with similar perioperative and long-term outcomes compared to the traditional open approach. While prospective studies remain essential, these data provide greater equipoise for ongoing trials and institutional efforts to further implement and evaluate this technique.