RESUMO
Aim: To determine whether transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is more efficient than placebo TENS and control groups for pain relief. Design: Randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Setting & participants: A total of 78 adults with postoperative pain, after cholecystectomy, at the University Hospital. They were randomized into active TENS, placebo TENS and control. Intervention: A total of 30-min interventions applied in the first 24 h after the surgery. Outcome: Pain intensity. Results: Pain significantly decreased for both TENS; however, the active TENS was better. A decrease of 2 points or more on the visual analog scale for 53.8% active TENS and 11.5% placebo. Conclusion: There was a greater reduction in pain of important clinical relevance in the active TENS group. Clinical Trial registration: Brazilian Clinical Trial (REBEC): RBR-6cgx2k.
Assuntos
Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Dor Pós-Operatória/terapia , Estimulação Elétrica Nervosa Transcutânea/normas , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil , Colecistectomia/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Medição da Dor , Dor Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Placebos , Método Simples-Cego , Estimulação Elétrica Nervosa Transcutânea/métodosRESUMO
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Esta pesquisa justifica-se na necessidade de maior conhecimento a respeito das técnicas de desmame ventilatório utilizadas em pacientes sob ventilação mecânica prolongada. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a obtenção do índice de respiração rápida e superficial (IRRS) nas modalidades PSV de 10 cmH2O e PEEP de 5 cmH2O (PSV10); CPAP de 5 cmH2O (CPAP5) e em ventilação espontânea (ESP), correlacionando com sucesso ou insucesso na retirada da ventilação mecânica (VM). MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo incluindo 54 pacientes em VM há mais de 48 horas, submetidos ao IRRS em três modos ventilatórios: PSV10, CPAP5 e ESP nos momentos pré e pós-nebulização, utilizando tubo-T. Os pacientes foram retirados da VM quando o IRRS era < 105. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os valores do IRRS obtidos nos momentos pré e pós-nebulização. Houve diferença estatística significativa dos valores do IRRS entre CPAP5 e PSV10 (p = 0,008) e entre a modalidade ESP e PSV10 (p = 0,01) no momento pré-nebulização e dos valores do IRRS obtidos entre CPAP5 e PSV10 (p = 0,01) no momento pós-nebulização. CONCLUSÕES: Neste estudo pode-se observar que o valor do IRRS foi superestimado quando obtido na modalidade PSV10. Foi constatado também que não houve necessidade de nebulização de 30 minutos antes da extubação traqueal quando o desmame é realizado com a técnica de redução gradativa da PSV. Este estudo sugeriu que o IRRS foi capaz de prever o sucesso do desmame; entretanto, incapaz de determinar o insucesso quando seu valor fosse < 105. Recomenda-se que o IRRS seja analisado em associação com outros parâmetros preditivos de desmame.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To compare the attainment of the rapid shallow breathing index (IRRS) in modalities PSV 10 cmH2O and PEEP 5 cmH2O (PSV10), CPAP 5 cmH2O (CPAP5) and spontaneous breathing (SB), correlating them with success on failure in the withdrawal of mechanical ventilation (MV). METHODS: Prospective study including 54 patients in MV > 48 hours, submitted to the IRRS in three ventilatory modalities: PSV10, CPAP5 and SB at the moments before and after T-tube spontaneous breathing. The patients were removed from MV when IRRS was < 105. RESULTS: There wasn't statistically significant difference between IRRS values at the moments before and after T-tube SB. There was statistically significant difference IRRS value between the modalities CPAP5 and PSV10 (p = 0.008), and between the modalities SB and PSV10 (p = 0.01) at the moment before T-Tube SB and of IRRS value, gotten between CPAP5 and PSV10 (p = 0.01) at the moment after T-tube SB. CONCLUSIONS: From this sample, it can be observed that IRRS values are overestimated when gotten in modality PSV10. It was also evidenced that there is no need of a 30 min T-tube SB before extubation, when the weaning is performed with the technique of gradual reduction of PSV. This study suggested that IRRS is able to predict weaning success; however it is not able to determine failure when it was < 105. It is recommended that IRRS must be analyzed in association with other predictive weaning parameters.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Desmame do Respirador/métodos , Respiração ArtificialRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To compare the attainment of the rapid shallow breathing index (IRRS) in modalities PSV 10 cmH2O and PEEP 5 cmH2O (PSV10), CPAP 5 cmH2O (CPAP5) and spontaneous breathing (SB), correlating them with success on failure in the withdrawal of mechanical ventilation (MV). METHODS: Prospective study including 54 patients in MV > 48 hours, submitted to the IRRS in three ventilatory modalities: PSV10, CPAP5 and SB at the moments before and after T-tube spontaneous breathing. The patients were removed from MV when IRRS was < 105. RESULTS: There wasn't statistically significant difference between IRRS values at the moments before and after T-tube SB. There was statistically significant difference IRRS value between the modalities CPAP5 and PSV10 (p = 0.008), and between the modalities SB and PSV10 (p = 0.01) at the moment before T-Tube SB and of IRRS value, gotten between CPAP5 and PSV10 (p = 0.01) at the moment after T-tube SB. CONCLUSIONS: From this sample, it can be observed that IRRS values are overestimated when gotten in modality PSV10. It was also evidenced that there is no need of a 30 min T-tube SB before extubation, when the weaning is performed with the technique of gradual reduction of PSV. This study suggested that IRRS is able to predict weaning success; however it is not able to determine failure when it was < 105. It is recommended that IRRS must be analyzed in association with other predictive weaning parameters.