RESUMO
Objetivou-se neste estudo determinar a prevalência de vermes pulmonares em ruminantes do semiárido, nordeste do Brasil. Amostras fecais (n=429), de bovinos (n=219), caprinos (n=122) e ovinos (n=88) foram coletadas e laboratorialmente analisadas pela técnica de Baermann. Larvas de Protostrongylus sp. foram detectadas em 8,19% (10/122) dos caprinos. Elas apresentaram o comprimento médio de 351µm (±29,06µm) e largura média de 19µm (±1,46µm). Todos os animais positivos eram mantidos em sistema de criação semi-intensivo e não apresentavam sinais clínicos sugestivos da infecção por nematódeos pulmonares. Bovinos e ovinos foram negativos. Este estudo fornece dados sobre a infecção por parasitos pulmonares em caprinos de uma importante área de criação de pequenos ruminantes no Nordeste do Brasil, onde informações sobre esses parasitos são quase inexistentes. Apesar da ausência de sinais clínicos nos animais deste estudo, medidas sanitárias são preconizadas para prevenir a infecção por esses nematódeos e reduzir o impacto econômico que eles podem causar na produção pecuária.
Assuntos
Animais , Cabras/parasitologia , Infecções por Strongylida/epidemiologia , Pulmão/parasitologia , Metastrongyloidea/isolamento & purificação , Doenças dos Ovinos/parasitologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/parasitologiaRESUMO
The number of domestic animals living with human beings is rapidly increasing in parallel with an enhanced risk of transmission of their parasites and the pathogens they might carry. The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of hematophagous arthropods infesting domestic animals from Northeastern Brazil and to remark the implications of their occurrence on the epidemiology and control of selected veterinary and human diseases. From January 2017 to April 2019, ectoparasites infesting domestic cats, dogs and horses were collected for their respective hosts and identified. Overall, ectoparasites were sampled from 86 domestic animals, living in different anthropic settings. A total of 401 specimens (344 ticks and 57 fleas) were collected from different hosts [i.e., 10 (2.49%), 96 (23.94%) and 295 (73.57%) from cats, dogs and horses, respectively]. Two flea (i.e., Ctenocephalides canis and Ctenocephalides felis) and 5 tick species (i.e., Amblyomma ovale, Amblyomma sculptum, Dermacentor nitens, Rhipicephalus microplus and Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato) were identified. This study provides data on the ectoparasite fauna infesting domestic animals from Northeastern Brazil. The diagnosis and treatment of these parasites should not be underestimated, considering the role that hematophagous arthropods display as vectors of pathogens of medical and veterinary concern.(AU)
O número de animais domésticos infestados por ectoparasitos vivendo em estreito contato com seres humanos está aumentando, elevando o risco de infecção pelos patógenos transmitidos por vetores. Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar a ocorrência de ectoparasitos infestando animais do nordeste do Brasil e discutir as implicações desse parasitismo na epidemiologia e no controle de doenças de importância médico-veterinária. De janeiro de 2017 a abril de 2019, artrópodes foram coletados de gatos, cães e cavalos, e identificados morfologicamente. Ectoparasitos foram removidos de 86 animais infestados provenientes de áreas urbanas e rurais. Foram identificados 401 espécimes (344 carrapatos e 57 pulgas) coletados de diferentes hospedeiros (10 (2,49%), 96 (23,94%) e 295 (73,57%) de gatos, cães e cavalos, respectivamente. Duas espécies de pulgas (Ctenocephalides canis e Ctenocephalides felis) e cinco espécies de carrapatos (Amblyomma ovale, Amblyomma sculptum, Dermacentornitens, Rhipicephalus microplus e Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato) foram identificadas. Este estudo fornece informações sobre a ectofauna de animais domésticos do nordeste do Brasil. Portanto, o diagnóstico e o tratamento desses parasitos não devem ser subestimados, considerando que os artrópodes aqui relatados podem veicular patógenos de importância médico-veterinária.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Gatos , Cães , Carrapatos , Ectoparasitoses/epidemiologia , Sifonápteros , Cavalos/parasitologia , Brasil , Zoonoses/epidemiologia , Rhipicephalus , Ctenocephalides , Saúde Única , AmblyommaRESUMO
The purpose of the study was to verify the knowledge of male university students regarding induced abortion. The sample was comprised of 71 male students that corresponded to 70% of the population made up of students from different health related programs at a federal university. Data was collected in August and October of 1998, by means of a questionnaire that was based on two previous exploratory studies. The respondents were 17 to 22 years old, catholic, single and financially dependent. The results demonstrated that a large percentage of male students had knowledge of what an induced abortion was and of its consequences, as well as of the methods used to induce the fetal loss. The respondents expressed a negative opinion about abortion and placed the responsibility for such a decision on the couple. They also indicated that besides the woman, other individuals, such as friends and family members bared some responsibility for the decision to end or not a pregnancy.
Assuntos
Aborto Induzido , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Estudantes de Ciências da Saúde , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Gravidez , Distribuição por SexoRESUMO
The aims of this study were to analyse the conception of ethics in the nurse's speech and practice, to verify its influence on nurses formation, and to investigate the nurses views regarding to the contribution of ethics to the comprehension of the moral reality and to the critical analysis of the nursing practice. The methodology focused on the qualitative analyses of data collected through the techniques of: document collection and analysis, group interviews, and observations of the nurses ethical behaviour during their practice. According to he results, the nurses conception of ethics relates in satisfaction to their work, to professional discrimination, and to corporate issues of health team. No reference was made to citizenship concerns. There is also a setting away from ethics understanding while moral behaviour and a critical view of the profession and of health care.
Assuntos
Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Ética em Enfermagem , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/psicologia , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Satisfação no Emprego , Princípios Morais , Auditoria de Enfermagem , Pesquisa Metodológica em Enfermagem , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/educação , Competência Profissional , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
This study aimed at identifying the role of the nurse with a graduate degree at the service level based on nurses and service directors expectations in health care institutions. A total of 278 nurses and 25 service directors responded to a questionnaire and an instrument was designed to measure their expectations towards the nurse with a postgraduation degree. The results indicate that nurses and service directors hope nurses with a postgraduation degree to be highly qualified to provide care. While service directors express a slight difference in favor of both the master degree and the deep knowledge of the specialty, nurses expectations in relation to it, are a little greater in all aspects. Service directors priorize refresh courses for nurses while nurses priorize specialization courses. The study has implications for a deeper discussion of these professionals functions in service and for the objective of postgraduate education programs in the region.
Assuntos
Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Educação de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem , Administradores de Instituições de Saúde/psicologia , Administração de Serviços de Saúde/organização & administração , Descrição de Cargo , Enfermeiros Administradores/educação , Enfermeiros Administradores/organização & administração , Enfermeiros Clínicos/educação , Enfermeiros Clínicos/organização & administração , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem/psicologia , Adulto , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the "lato sensu" graduate programs of study of the Department of Nursing in the UFRN, and to know the perspectives of its students and faculty. A total of 67 questionnaires were applied to 14 professors and 53 ex-students. The sources of data were: a survey of the scientific knowledge produced by the faculty; specialization program final reports; partial 1989-1991 program evaluations; and, the final report of the first Graduate Program Evaluation Seminar (1992). Eventhough the results of the evaluation were positive, some aspects of the program were found to need further analysis so that future graduate studies might be improved. These aspects were: revision of the curriculum content, improvement of the space environment, and improvement of the bibliographic resources.