RESUMO
This study was conducted to analyse the course and the outcome of the liver disease in the co-infected animals in order to evaluate a possible synergic effect of human parvovirus B19 (B19V) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) co-infection. Nine adult cynomolgus monkeys were inoculated with serum obtained from a fatal case of B19V infection and/or a faecal suspension of acute HAV. The presence of specific antibodies to HAV and B19V, liver enzyme levels, viraemia, haematological changes, and necroinflammatory liver lesions were used for monitoring the infections. Seroconversion was confirmed in all infected groups. A similar pattern of B19V infection to human disease was observed, which was characterised by high and persistent viraemia in association with reticulocytopenia and mild to moderate anaemia during the period of investigation (59 days). Additionally, the intranuclear inclusion bodies were observed in pro-erythroblast cell from an infected cynomolgus and B19V Ag in hepatocytes. The erythroid hypoplasia and decrease in lymphocyte counts were more evident in the co-infected group. The present results demonstrated, for the first time, the susceptibility of cynomolgus to B19V infection, but it did not show a worsening of liver histopathology in the co-infected group.
Assuntos
Vírus da Hepatite A , Hepatite A/complicações , Falência Hepática Aguda/virologia , Macaca fascicularis/virologia , Infecções por Parvoviridae/complicações , Parvovirus B19 Humano , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Coinfecção/virologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Hepatite A/imunologia , Vírus da Hepatite A/imunologia , Infecções por Parvoviridae/imunologia , Parvovirus B19 Humano/imunologia , ViremiaRESUMO
This study was conducted to analyse the course and the outcome of the liver disease in the co-infected animals in order to evaluate a possible synergic effect of human parvovirus B19 (B19V) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) co-infection. Nine adult cynomolgus monkeys were inoculated with serum obtained from a fatal case of B19V infection and/or a faecal suspension of acute HAV. The presence of specific antibodies to HAV and B19V, liver enzyme levels, viraemia, haematological changes, and necroinflammatory liver lesions were used for monitoring the infections. Seroconversion was confirmed in all infected groups. A similar pattern of B19V infection to human disease was observed, which was characterised by high and persistent viraemia in association with reticulocytopenia and mild to moderate anaemia during the period of investigation (59 days). Additionally, the intranuclear inclusion bodies were observed in pro-erythroblast cell from an infected cynomolgus and B19V Ag in hepatocytes. The erythroid hypoplasia and decrease in lymphocyte counts were more evident in the co-infected group. The present results demonstrated, for the first time, the susceptibility of cynomolgus to B19V infection, but it did not show a worsening of liver histopathology in the co-infected group.
Assuntos
Masculino , Vírus da Hepatite A , Hepatite A/complicações , Falência Hepática Aguda/virologia , Macaca fascicularis/virologia , Infecções por Parvoviridae/complicações , Parvovirus B19 Humano , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Coinfecção/virologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Vírus da Hepatite A/imunologia , Hepatite A/imunologia , Infecções por Parvoviridae/imunologia , Parvovirus B19 Humano/imunologia , ViremiaRESUMO
Epidemiological and molecular investigation of two small measles clusters in The Netherlands in July/August 2007 revealed an association with travel by air of the index cases and nosocomial spread in the first cluster. Although these importations did not result in an outbreak among unvaccinated subjects, the observations illustrate the challenges for measles control in a country with high measles vaccination coverage (> 95%) but with pockets of low coverage.
Assuntos
Aviação/estatística & dados numéricos , Vacinação em Massa/estatística & dados numéricos , Sarampo/transmissão , Viagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Brasil , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulina M/análise , Imunoglobulina M/imunologia , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa do Paciente para o Profissional , Masculino , Sarampo/diagnóstico , Vacina contra Sarampo-Caxumba-Rubéola/imunologia , Epidemiologia Molecular , Países Baixos/epidemiologia , Exposição Ocupacional , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Amostras de soros coletadas da populaçäo do Rio de Janeiro durante os anos de 1985/1986 foram examinadas para a presença de anticorpos da classe IgG contra o parvovirus humano B19. Nenhuma diferença foi encontrada com relaçäo ao sexo. A prevalência de anticorpos aumenta a partir de 35% em crianças menores que 5 anos de idade até 80% nos indivíduos na faixa etária entre 11 e 15 anos. A prevalência de anticorpos seguiu aumentando até mais de 90% entre os indivíduos acima de 50 anos de idade