RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Anti-inflammatory substances that inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and polyphenol-rich foods, can cause constriction of the fetal ductus arteriosus. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that reversal of fetal ductal constriction after maternal restriction of polyphenol-rich foods, in the third trimester of pregnancy, is accompanied by increased plasma levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). METHODS: This was a controlled clinical trial of women with singleton pregnancy ≥ 28 weeks undergoing fetal echocardiography. The intervention group included pregnancies with diagnosis of fetal ductal constriction and not exposed to NSAIDs. The control group consisted of third-trimester normal pregnancies. Both groups answered a food frequency questionnaire to assess the amount of total polyphenols in their diet, underwent Doppler echocardiographic examination and had blood samples collected for analysis of plasma levels of PGE2. Intervention group participants received dietary guidance to restrict the intake of polyphenol-rich foods. The assessments were repeated after 2 weeks in both groups. RESULTS: Forty normal pregnancies were assessed in the control group and 35 with fetal ductal constriction in the intervention group. Mean maternal age (26.6 years) and mean body mass index (30.12 kg/m2 ) were similar between the two groups. Intragroup analysis showed that dietary guidance reduced the median consumption of polyphenols (from 1234.82 to 21.03 mg/day, P < 0.001), increasing significantly the plasma concentration of PGE2 (from 1091.80 to 1136.98 pg/mL, P < 0.05) in the intervention group after 2 weeks. In addition, Doppler echocardiography showed reversal of fetal ductal constriction in the intervention group. No significant changes were observed in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary intervention for maternal restriction of polyphenol-rich foods in the third trimester of pregnancy is accompanied by increase in plasma levels of PGE2 and reversal of fetal ductal constriction. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Assuntos
Dieta , Dinoprostona/sangue , Permeabilidade do Canal Arterial/diagnóstico por imagem , Polifenóis/administração & dosagem , Adulto , Velocidade do Fluxo Sanguíneo , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Permeabilidade do Canal Arterial/sangue , Permeabilidade do Canal Arterial/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Terceiro Trimestre da Gravidez , Ultrassonografia Pré-NatalRESUMO
The interaction between polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (PGIPs), produced by plants, and endopolygalacturonases (PGs), produced by fungi, limits the destructive potential of PGs and can trigger plant defense responses. This study aimed to i) investigate variation in the expression of different common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes and its relationship with resistance to white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum); ii) determine the expression levels of PvPGIP genes at different time points after inoculation with white mold; and iii) investigate differences in PvPGIP gene expression between two white mold isolates with different levels of aggressiveness. Four bean lines were analyzed, including two lines from a recurrent selection for white mold (50/5 and 84/6), one resistant line that was not adapted to Brazilian conditions (Cornell 605), and one susceptible line (Corujinha). Gene expression was investigated at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 5 days after inoculation. The isolate UFLA 03 caused no significant difference in the relative expression of any gene examined, and was inefficient in discriminating among the genotypes. For the isolate UFLA 116, all of the genes were differentially expressed, as they were associated with resistance to white mold, and the expressions increased until the third day after inoculation. The 50/5 line was not significantly different from the Corujinha line for all of the genes analyzed. However, this line had a resistance level that was similar to that of Cornell 605, according to the straw test. Therefore, the incorporation of PvPGIP genes can increase the resistance of lines derived from recurrent selection.
Assuntos
Ascomicetos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Phaseolus/genética , Phaseolus/metabolismo , Doenças das Plantas/genética , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , Proteínas de Plantas/biossíntese , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Brasil , Expressão Gênica , Phaseolus/imunologia , Doenças das Plantas/imunologia , Poligalacturonase/genéticaRESUMO
Small RNAs influence the gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by guiding messenger RNA (mRNA) cleavage, translational repression, and chromatin modifications. In addition to model plants, the microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified in different crop species. In this work, we developed a specific pipeline to search for coffee miRNA homologs on expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and genome survey sequences (GSS) databases. As a result, 36 microRNAs were identified and a total of 616 and 362 potential targets for Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora, respectively. The evolutionary analyses of these molecules were performed by comparing the primary and secondary structures of precursors and mature miRNAs with their orthologs. Moreover, using a stem-loop RT-PCR assay, we evaluated the accumulation of mature miRNAs in genomes with different ploidy levels, detecting an increase in the miRNAs accumulation according to the ploidy raising. Finally, a 5' RACE (Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends) assay was performed to verify the regulation of auxin responsive factor 8 (ARF8) by MIR167 in coffee plants. The great variety of target genes indicates the functional plasticity of these molecules and reinforces the importance of understanding the RNAi-dependent regulatory mechanisms. Our results expand the study of miRNAs and their target genes in this crop, providing new challenges to understand the biology of these species.
Assuntos
Coffea/genética , Sequência Conservada , Evolução Molecular , MicroRNAs/genética , Sequência de Bases , Coffea/fisiologia , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Genômica , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , Alinhamento de Sequência , Homologia de Sequência do Ácido Nucleico , Especificidade da Espécie , Estresse FisiológicoAssuntos
Antígenos de Helmintos/administração & dosagem , Extratos Celulares/administração & dosagem , Eosinófilos/imunologia , Mucosa Respiratória/patologia , Rinite Alérgica/terapia , Angiostrongylus/imunologia , Animais , Ascaris lumbricoides/imunologia , Contagem de Células , Extratos Celulares/imunologia , Movimento Celular , Células Cultivadas , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Humanos , Imunização , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Ovalbumina/imunologia , Rinite Alérgica/imunologiaRESUMO
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the etiological agent of swine enzootic pneumonia (EP), a chronic respiratory disease which causes significant economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. More efficient strategies for controlling this disease are necessary. In this study, we cloned17 genes coding for transmembrane proteins from M. hyopneumoniae, among which six were successfully expressed in Escherichia coli and had their immunogenic and antigenic properties evaluated. All proteins were immunogenic in mice and sera from naturally infected pigs reacted with the recombinant proteins, suggesting that they are expressed during infection. These antigens may contribute for the development of new recombinant vaccines and diagnostic tests against EP.
Assuntos
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae/genética , Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae/metabolismo , Proteínas Recombinantes/imunologia , Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Antígenos de Bactérias/imunologia , Escherichia coli/genética , Feminino , Imunidade Humoral/imunologia , Masculino , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Camundongos , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/isolamento & purificação , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Vacinas Sintéticas/imunologia , Vacinas Sintéticas/metabolismoRESUMO
Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a atividade antioxidante, toxicidade e composição por CG-EM do extrato hexânico das folhas de C. pubescens. Pela comparação da atividade antioxidante em termos de CI50 o método Beta-caroteno/ácido linoléico apresentou melhor resposta (880 miug/mL) que o método radical livre DPPH (1780 miug/mL). O método Beta-caroteno/ácido linoléico tem como característica responder melhor para amostras mais apolares enquanto que o método com DPPH para amostras mais polares. O extrato hexânico apresentou em sua composição sesquiterpenos hidrocarbonetos e oxigenados e Beta-sitosterol. O extrato não foi considerado tóxico para Artemia salina.
Assuntos
Artemia , beta Caroteno , Extratos Vegetais/análise , Extratos Vegetais/toxicidadeRESUMO
The present work, studied the effect of 0, 1,000, 1,500 and 2,000 mg of garlic powder/kg dry ration for Piaractus mesopotamicus (Osteichthyes: Characidae), weighting 73.6 +/- 39.4 g and measuring 15.0 +/- 2.7 cm, fed for a period of 15, 30 and 45 days. Fifteen days after treatment with 1,000 and 2,000 mg of garlic/kg dry ration, significant reduction of Anacanthorus penilabiatus (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) in the gills was related. Nevertheless, the addition of garlic to the ration caused significant increase in the erythrocyte number and in the thrombocyte percentage in the circulating blood. However, a decrease in the lymphocyte percentage was also observed. After 45 days, fish fed with garlic showed significant increase in the erythrocyte number, leucocyte, haemoglobin rate, hematocrit and thrombocyte.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Peixes/dietoterapia , Alho , Helmintíase Animal/dietoterapia , Fitoterapia/veterinária , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Ração Animal , Animais , Brasil , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Contagem de Eritrócitos , Doenças dos Peixes/sangue , Pesqueiros , Peixes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Peixes/parasitologia , Brânquias/parasitologia , Helmintíase Animal/sangue , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Contagem de Plaquetas , Platelmintos/fisiologia , Poluição da Água/prevenção & controleRESUMO
PURPOSE: To assess short-term results and complications of percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty (PMBV) performed with Inoue balloon (IB) and single low profile balloon (SB). METHODS: We performed 390 PMBV procedures, 29 with IB and 337 with SB. There were no differences in age, sex, echocardiographic score distribution and echocardiographic mitral valve area (MVA). RESULTS: We performed 29 complete procedures with IB and 330 of 337 in SB group. Comparing IB and pre and pos-PMBV data we obtained: mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) 36 +/- 15 and 39 +/- 14 mmHg, p = 0.2033, mean mitral gradient 17 +/- 6 and 20 +/- 77 mmHg, p = 0.0396 and MVA 0.9 +/- 0.2 and 0.9 +/- 0.2 cm2, p = 0.8043 and pos-PMBV:MPAP 25 +/- 8 and 28 +/- 10 mmHg, p = 0.2881, gradient 5 +/- 3 and 5 +/- 4 mmHg, p = 0.2778 and MVA 2.2 +/- 0.2 and 2.0 +/- 0.4 cm2, p = 0.0362. Mitral valve (MV) was competent in 26 patients in IB and in 280 in SB group and we had +/4 mitral regurgitation in 3 patients in IB and in 57 in SB group (p = 0.3591) pre-PMBV respectively and pos-PMBV there was also no difference in MV competence (p = 0.7439). CONCLUSION: Both techniques were effective. Hemodynamic data were also similar although MVA was greater in IB group after PMBV.