RESUMO
Abstract The epidemiology of pulmonary hypertension (PH), especially pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), has not been evaluated in our country, therefore there is no reference parameter to establishing the representativeness of this information in the national order. This registry represents the first collaborative effort to provide a knowledge base of this disease, including 5 scientific societies that represent different specialties (pediatrics, rheumatology, pulmonology and cardiology) with data from 23 Argentine provinces. These efforts involved five societies of various adult (cardiology, rheumatology, and pulmonology) and pediatric (cardiology) specialties. Subjects were grouped (1-5) in accord with the 2013 Nice classification. A total of 627 patients (mean age, 50.8±18 years; women, 69.2%) were recruited. Incident cases accounted for 53%. Functional class III-IV accounted for 69% at time of diagnosis and 33.4% at time of inclusion. Distributions in groups 1-5 were 63.6%, 15.9%, 8.3%, 9.7%, and 2.4%, respectively. Treatment consisted of diuretics (51.2%), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (44.7%), digoxin (16.6%), anticoagulants (39.2%), renin-angiotensin antagonists (15.5%), beta blockers (15.6%), and calcium channel blockers (8%). Rates of specific therapies usage in PAH vs. non-PAH group were 80.5% vs. 40.8% (phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors: 71% vs. 38.6%; endothelin receptor antagonists: 54.4% vs. 14.5%; prostanoids: 14.3 vs. 3.1%; all p < 0.001). Three-year survival in PAH and non-PAH differed significantly (82.8% vs. 73.3%; p = 0.001). In the Argentine RECOPILAR registry, the clinic-epidemiologic profile was that of advanced-stage disease. Diagnostic workups and therapeutics interventions, including use of specific therapy for PAH, were consistent with current recommendations. Despite delays in diagnosis, survival was aligned with other contemporary registries.
Resumen La epidemiología de la hipertensión pulmonar (HP), especialmente la arterial (HAP), no ha sido evaluada en nuestro país, por lo cual no existe un parámetro de referencia para establecer la representatividad de esta información en el orden nacional. El presente registro representa el primer esfuerzo colaborativo para una base de conocimiento de esta enfermedad, incluyendo 5 sociedades científicas que representan a distintas especiali dades médicas (pediatría, reumatología, neumonología y cardiología) con datos de 23 provincias argentinas. Los sujetos se agruparon (1-5) de acuerdo con la clasificación de Niza de 2013. El seguimiento se completó en 583 pacientes (93%) un año después del final de la inscripción. Se incluyeron 627 pacientes (edad media, 50.8 ± 18 años; mujeres, 69.2%). Los casos incidentes representaron el 53%. La clase funcional III-IV representaba 69% en el momento del diagnóstico y 33.4% en el momento de la inclusión. Las manifestaciones clínicas fueron disnea (81.8%), fatiga (54.1%), síncope (10.8%), dolor torácico (14.7%), palpitaciones (20.9%) e insuficiencia cardíaca (20.4%). Las tasas de uso de terapias específicas en la hipertensión arterial pulmonar (HAP) frente al grupo sin HAP fueron del 80.5% frente al 40.8%. La supervivencia a tres años en los subconjuntos de HAP y no HAP difirió significativamente (82.8% vs. 73.3%; p = 0.001). En el registro RECOPILAR argentino, que aborda principalmente la HAP, el perfil clínico-epidemiológico fue el d e una enfermedad en estadios avanzados. El diag nóstico y las intervenciones terapéuticas, incluido el uso de terapia específica para la HAP, fueron consistentes con las recomendaciones actuales.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Hipertensão Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Hipertensão Pulmonar/terapia , Hipertensão Pulmonar/epidemiologia , Argentina/epidemiologia , Sistema de Registros , Antagonistas dos Receptores de Endotelina , AnticoagulantesRESUMO
The epidemiology of pulmonary hypertension (PH), especially pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), has not been evaluated in our country, therefore there is no reference parameter to establishing the representativeness of this information in the national order. This registry represents the first collaborative effort to provide a knowledge base of this disease, including 5 scientific societies that represent different specialties (pediatrics, rheumatology, pulmonology and cardiology) with data from 23 Argentine provinces. These efforts involved five societies of various adult (cardiology, rheumatology, and pulmonology) and pediatric (cardiology) specialties. Subjects were grouped (1-5) in accord with the 2013 Nice classification. A total of 627 patients (mean age, 50.8 ± 18 years; women, 69.2%) were recruited. Incident cases accounted for 53%. Functional class III-IV accounted for 69% at time of diagnosis and 33.4% at time of inclusion. Distributions in groups 1-5 were 63.6%, 15.9%, 8.3%, 9.7%, and 2.4%, respectively. Treatment consisted of diuretics (51.2%), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (44.7%), digoxin (16.6%), anticoagulants (39.2%), renin-angiotensin antagonists (15.5%), beta blockers (15.6%), and calcium channel blockers (8%). Rates of specific therapies usage in PAH vs. non-PAH group were 80.5% vs. 40.8% (phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors: 71% vs. 38.6%; endothelin receptor antagonists: 54.4% vs. 14.5%; prostanoids: 14.3 vs. 3.1%; all p < 0.001). Three-year survival in PAH and non-PAH differed significantly (82.8% vs. 73.3%; p = 0.001). In the Argentine RECOPILAR registry, the clinic-epidemiologic profile was that of advanced-stage disease. Diagnostic workups and therapeutics interventions, including use of specific therapy for PAH, were consistent with current recommendations. Despite delays in diagnosis, survival was aligned with other contemporary registries.
La epidemiología de la hipertensión pulmonar (HP), especialmente la arterial (HAP), no ha sido evaluada en nuestro país, por lo cual no existe un parámetro de referencia para establecer la representatividad de esta información en el orden nacional. El presente registro representa el primer esfuerzo colaborativo para una base de conocimiento de esta enfermedad, incluyendo 5 sociedades científicas que representan a distintas especialidades médicas (pediatría, reumatología, neumonología y cardiología) con datos de 23 provincias argentinas. Los sujetos se agruparon (1-5) de acuerdo con la clasificación de Niza de 2013. El seguimiento se completó en 583 pacientes (93%) un año después del final de la inscripción. Se incluyeron 627 pacientes (edad media, 50.8 ± 18 años; mujeres, 69.2%). Los casos incidentes representaron el 53%. La clase funcional III-IV representaba 69% en el momento del diagnóstico y 33.4% en el momento de la inclusión. Las manifestaciones clínicas fueron disnea (81.8%), fatiga (54.1%), síncope (10.8%), dolor torácico (14.7%), palpitaciones (20.9%) e insuficiencia cardíaca (20.4%). Las tasas de uso de terapias específicas en la hipertensión arterial pulmonar (HAP) frente al grupo sin HAP fueron del 80.5% frente al 40.8%. La supervivencia a tres años en los subconjuntos de HAP y no HAP difirió significativamente (82.8% vs. 73.3%; p = 0.001). En el registro RECOPILAR argentino, que aborda principalmente la HAP, el perfil clínico-epidemiológico fue el d e una enfermedad en estadios avanzados. El diagnóstico y las intervenciones terapéuticas, incluido el uso de terapia específica para la HAP, fueron consistentes con las recomendaciones actuales.
Assuntos
Hipertensão Pulmonar , Adulto , Idoso , Anticoagulantes , Argentina/epidemiologia , Criança , Antagonistas dos Receptores de Endotelina , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Hipertensão Pulmonar/epidemiologia , Hipertensão Pulmonar/terapia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sistema de RegistrosRESUMO
Introducción. La troponina T ultrasensible (TnTus) es un biomarcador útil para la valoración del dolor precordial. Sin embargo, es frecuente su incremento en pacientes sin diagnóstico de síndrome coronario agudo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la utilidad de diferentes estrategias de uso de TnTus para el diagnóstico de infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM). Material y método. Estudio retrospectivo que incluyó 99 pacientes consecutivos con sospecha de IAM ingresados a la unidad coronaria, con al menos una determinación de TnTus dentro de las 4-6 horas del inicio del dolor o admisión. El diagnóstico final de IAM fue realizado por dos médicos expertos que analizaron los datos clínicos, laboratorio e imágenes. Resultados. La edad media fue de 64 años y el 75% fueron varones. De acuerdo al diagnóstico final se clasificaron como IAM: el 58%. La TnTus basal mostró un área bajo la curva COR de 0,86 y el punto de corte de 30 ng/L tuvo sensibilidad del 86% y especificidad del 71% para diagnóstico de IAM, mientras que para el valor >14 ng/L, la sensibilidad y especificidad fueron del 93 y 34%, respectivamente. Las áreas bajo la curva para la variación absoluta y porcentual de TnTus (basal y segunda determinación) fueron 0,69 y 0,68, identificándose puntos de corte de 10 ng/L y 15%, respectivamente (sensibilidad 60 y 63%, especificidad del 74 y 74%). Conclusiones. La medición temprana de TnTus>14ng/L muestra la mejor sensibilidad para el diagnóstico de IAM, mientras que un valor >30ng/L fue más específico. La medición repetida del biomarcador mostró menor utilidad.(AU)
Background. High-sensitive troponin T (hs-TnT) is a useful biomarker in the assessment of chest pain. However, it could be frequently elevated in patients without acute coronary syndrome. We sought to evaluate the usefulness of different strategies using hs-TnT for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Material and method. Retrospective study including 99 consecutive patients with suspected AMI admitted to the coronary care unit with at least one determination of hs-TnT within 4-6 hours of onset of pain or admission. The final diagnosis of AMI was made by two medical experts who analyzed the clinical, laboratory and imaging. Results. The mean age was 64 years and 75% were male. According to the final diagnosis were classified as AMI 58%. The basal hs-TnT showed an area under the ROC curve of 0.86 and the cut-off of 30 ng/L had a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 71% for diagnosis of AMI, whereas the value >14 ng/L had a sensitivity and specificity of 93 and 34%, respectively. The areas under the curve for the absolute and percentage changes of hs-TnT (basal and second determination) were 0.69 and 0.68, identifying cut-offs of 10 ng/L and 15%, respectively (sensitivity 60 and 63%, specificity of 74 and 74%). Conclusions. Early measurement hs-TnT>14ng/L shows the best sensitivity for the diagnosis of AMI, while a value >30ng/L was more specific. Repeated measurements of biomarker showed less useful.(AU)
IntroduþÒo. A troponina ultra-sensível (TnTus) é um biomarcador útil na avaliaþÒo de dor de peito. Além disso, seu crescimento é comum em pacientes sem diagnóstico da síndrome coronariana aguda. O objeto desta investigaþÒo foi avaliaþÒo da utilidade de diferentes estratégias de TnTus empregadas para o diagnóstico do infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM). Material e método. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo incluindo 99 pacientes consecutivos com suspeita de IAM admitidos na unidade coronariana com pelo menos uma determinaþÒo TnTus dentro de 4-6 horas após o início da dor ou da admissÒo. O diagnóstico final de IAM foi conferido por dois médicos especialistas que analisaram o quadro clínico, laboratorial e de imagem. Resultados. A idade média foi de 64 anos, e 75% foram de sexo masculino. Cinq³enta e oito porcento dos IAM diagnosticado a traveis da TnTus foram conferidos pelos especialistas. A TnTus basal mostrou área embaixo da curva ROC de 0,86 e o corte de 30 ng/L com uma sensibilidade de 86% e especificidade de 71% para o diagnóstico de IAM, mas também o valor >14ng/L teve uma sensibilidade e especificidade de 93 e 34% respectivamente. As áreas sob a curva para o percentual absoluto e de mudanþa de TnTus (basal e segunda determinaþÒo) foram 0,69 e 0,68 com uma sensibilidade de 60 e 63% e especificidade de 74 e 74% respectivamente. NÒo só, os pontos de inflexÒo foram de 10 ng/L e 15%, respectivamente (sensibilidade de 60 e 63%, especificidade 74 e 74%). Conclus§es. A mediþÒo precoce de TnTus >14ng/L mostrou a melhor sensibilidade para o diagnóstico de IAM, mais também um valor >30 ng/L teve mais especificidade em nossa série. As determinaþ§es repetidas nÒo melhoraram a utilidade do biomarcador.(AU)
RESUMO
Introducción. La troponina T ultrasensible (TnTus) es un biomarcador útil para la valoración del dolor precordial. Sin embargo, es frecuente su incremento en pacientes sin diagnóstico de síndrome coronario agudo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la utilidad de diferentes estrategias de uso de TnTus para el diagnóstico de infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM). Material y método. Estudio retrospectivo que incluyó 99 pacientes consecutivos con sospecha de IAM ingresados a la unidad coronaria, con al menos una determinación de TnTus dentro de las 4-6 horas del inicio del dolor o admisión. El diagnóstico final de IAM fue realizado por dos médicos expertos que analizaron los datos clínicos, laboratorio e imágenes. Resultados. La edad media fue de 64 años y el 75% fueron varones. De acuerdo al diagnóstico final se clasificaron como IAM: el 58%. La TnTus basal mostró un área bajo la curva COR de 0,86 y el punto de corte de 30 ng/L tuvo sensibilidad del 86% y especificidad del 71% para diagnóstico de IAM, mientras que para el valor >14 ng/L, la sensibilidad y especificidad fueron del 93 y 34%, respectivamente. Las áreas bajo la curva para la variación absoluta y porcentual de TnTus (basal y segunda determinación) fueron 0,69 y 0,68, identificándose puntos de corte de 10 ng/L y 15%, respectivamente (sensibilidad 60 y 63%, especificidad del 74 y 74%). Conclusiones. La medición temprana de TnTus>14ng/L muestra la mejor sensibilidad para el diagnóstico de IAM, mientras que un valor >30ng/L fue más específico. La medición repetida del biomarcador mostró menor utilidad.
Background. High-sensitive troponin T (hs-TnT) is a useful biomarker in the assessment of chest pain. However, it could be frequently elevated in patients without acute coronary syndrome. We sought to evaluate the usefulness of different strategies using hs-TnT for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Material and method. Retrospective study including 99 consecutive patients with suspected AMI admitted to the coronary care unit with at least one determination of hs-TnT within 4-6 hours of onset of pain or admission. The final diagnosis of AMI was made by two medical experts who analyzed the clinical, laboratory and imaging. Results. The mean age was 64 years and 75% were male. According to the final diagnosis were classified as AMI 58%. The basal hs-TnT showed an area under the ROC curve of 0.86 and the cut-off of 30 ng/L had a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 71% for diagnosis of AMI, whereas the value >14 ng/L had a sensitivity and specificity of 93 and 34%, respectively. The areas under the curve for the absolute and percentage changes of hs-TnT (basal and second determination) were 0.69 and 0.68, identifying cut-offs of 10 ng/L and 15%, respectively (sensitivity 60 and 63%, specificity of 74 and 74%). Conclusions. Early measurement hs-TnT>14ng/L shows the best sensitivity for the diagnosis of AMI, while a value >30ng/L was more specific. Repeated measurements of biomarker showed less useful.
Introdução. A troponina ultra-sensível (TnTus) é um biomarcador útil na avaliação de dor de peito. Além disso, seu crescimento é comum em pacientes sem diagnóstico da síndrome coronariana aguda. O objeto desta investigação foi avaliação da utilidade de diferentes estratégias de TnTus empregadas para o diagnóstico do infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM). Material e método. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo incluindo 99 pacientes consecutivos com suspeita de IAM admitidos na unidade coronariana com pelo menos uma determinação TnTus dentro de 4-6 horas após o início da dor ou da admissão. O diagnóstico final de IAM foi conferido por dois médicos especialistas que analisaram o quadro clínico, laboratorial e de imagem. Resultados. A idade média foi de 64 anos, e 75% foram de sexo masculino. Cinqüenta e oito porcento dos IAM diagnosticado a traveis da TnTus foram conferidos pelos especialistas. A TnTus basal mostrou área embaixo da curva ROC de 0,86 e o corte de 30 ng/L com uma sensibilidade de 86% e especificidade de 71% para o diagnóstico de IAM, mas também o valor >14ng/L teve uma sensibilidade e especificidade de 93 e 34% respectivamente. As áreas sob a curva para o percentual absoluto e de mudança de TnTus (basal e segunda determinação) foram 0,69 e 0,68 com uma sensibilidade de 60 e 63% e especificidade de 74 e 74% respectivamente. Não só, os pontos de inflexão foram de 10 ng/L e 15%, respectivamente (sensibilidade de 60 e 63%, especificidade 74 e 74%). Conclusões. A medição precoce de TnTus >14ng/L mostrou a melhor sensibilidade para o diagnóstico de IAM, mais também um valor >30 ng/L teve mais especificidade em nossa série. As determinações repetidas não melhoraram a utilidade do biomarcador.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Half of patients with acute heart failure syndromes (AHFS) have preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (PLVEF). In this setting, the role of minor myocardial damage (MMD), as identified by cardiac troponin T (cTnT), remains to be established. AIM: To evaluate the prevalence and long-term prognostic significance of cTnT elevations in patients with AHFS and PLVEF. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective, multicenter, collaborative study included 500 patients hospitalized for AHFS with PLVEF (ejection fraction ≥40%) between October 2000 and December 2006. Blood samples were collected within 12 hours after admission and were assayed for cTnT. MMD was defined as a cTnT value of ≥0.020 ng/mL. RESULTS: Mean age was 73 ± 12 years, 47% were female, 38% had an ischemic etiology, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class was 2.2 ± 0.7. Mean cTnT value was 0.149 ± 0.484 ng/mL, and cTnT was directly correlated with serum creatinine (Spearman's Rho = 0.35, P < .001) and NYHA class (0.25, P < .001). MMD was diagnosed in 220 patients (44%). Patients with MMD showed lower left ventricular ejection fraction (P < .05), higher serum creatinine (P < .001), higher prevalence of ischemic etiology and diabetes mellitus, a worse NYHA class (P < .001), and higher natriuretic peptide levels (P < .001) as compared with patients without MMD. At 6-month follow-up, overall event-free survival was 55% and 75% in patients with and without MMD (P < .001), respectively. On multivariate Cox regression analysis, only NYHA class (HR = 1.50; P = .002) and MMD (HR = 1.81; P = .001) were identified as predictors of events. CONCLUSIONS: Increased cTnT levels were detected in approximately 50% of patients with AHFS with preserved systolic function, and were found to correlate with clinical measures of disease severity. The presence of MMD was associated with a worse long-term outcome, lending support to cTnT-based risk stratification in the setting of AHFS.
Assuntos
Insuficiência Cardíaca/epidemiologia , Insuficiência Cardíaca/fisiopatologia , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Miocárdio/patologia , Sístole/fisiologia , Troponina T/metabolismo , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/epidemiologia , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/metabolismo , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Argentina/epidemiologia , Comportamento Cooperativo , Feminino , Seguimentos , Insuficiência Cardíaca/metabolismo , Humanos , Itália/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Prevalência , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Síndrome , Tempo , Troponina T/biossíntese , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Introducción La respuesta serológica a Helicobacter pylori (HP) se ha reconocido como un factor de riesgo cardiovascular. Sin embargo, su utilidad pronóstica en síndromes coronarios agudos (SCA) fue escasamente evaluada. Objetivos Identificar prevalencia y pronóstico a largo plazo de anormalidades en niveles de anticuerpos IgG contra HP (HP-IgG) en pacientes con SCA. Material y métodos La población estuvo constituida por 67 sujetos consecutivos hospitalizados por SCA (angina inestable [AI]/infarto agudo de miocardio [IAM]) dentro de las 24 horas del inicio de los síntomas, entre abril de 2003 y diciembre de 2003, quienes fueron evaluados mediante un kit inmunoenzimático comercial (Meridian Diagnostics, USA). Resultados Durante el seguimiento (12 ± 3 meses) se registraron 10 (14,6%) eventos (muerte/infarto/ rehospitalización por AI). El área bajo la curva ROC de HP-IgG para predecir eventos fue de 0,85 ± 0,06 (IC 95% 0,74-0,96); el punto de corte de 185 UI mostró una sensibilidad del 70% y una especificidad del 82%. Según el nivel de HP-IgG por encima o por debajo de 185 UI, los pacientes se dividieron en grupo 1 (25,4%) y grupo 2. Ambos fueron comparables. La supervivencia anual libre de eventos fue del 67% versus el 90% en los grupos 1 y 2, respectivamente (prueba de rangos logarítmicos, p = 0,01). Al ingreso, un nivel de HP-IgG > 185 UI (hazard ratio [HR] = 5,588; p = 0,039), la hipotensión arterial (HR = 1,109; p = 0,035) y niveles elevados de creatinina (HR = 1,997; p = 0,019) fueron predictores independientes de eventos. Conclusiones En uno de cada cuatro pacientes con SCA se detectaron tempranamente niveles elevados de HP-IgG. Títulos mayores de 185 UI se asociaron con peor evolución a largo plazo.
Background The serological response to Helicobacter pylori (HP) has been recognized as a cardiovascular risk factor. Yet, its prognostic usefulness in acute coronary syndromes (ACS) has not been extensively evaluated. Objectives To identify the prevalence and long-term prognosis of abnormalities in the level of IgG antibodies against HP (HP-IgG) in patients with ACS. Material and Methods From April 2003 to December 2003, a total of 67 consecutive patients hospitalized due to ACS (unstable angina [UA], acute myocardial infarction [AMI]) within 24 hours from symptoms onset were evaluated using a commercial immunoassay kit (Meridian Diagnostics, USA). Results During follow-up (12±3 months) 10 (14.6%) events were reported (death/AMI/rehospitalization due to UA). The area under the ROC curve using HP-IgG to predict events was 0.85±0.06 (95% CI, 0.74-0.96); the cut-off point of 185 IU had a sensitivity of 70% and a specificity of 82%. Patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (HP-IgG >185 IU, 25.4%) and group 2 (HP-IgG <185 IU). Both groups were comparable. Annual survival free from events was 67% versus 90% in groups 1 and 2, respectively (log-rank test, p=0.01). The variables identified at admission as independent predictors of events were HP-IgG >185 UI (hazard ratio [HR]=5.588; p=0.039), hypotension (HR=1.109; p=0.035) and elevated oreatinine levéis (HR=1.997; p=0.019). Conclusions Early elevation of HP-IgG levéis was present in 25% of patients with ACS and levéis > 185 IU were associated with poor long-term outcomes.
RESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Hyperglycemia can increase the risk of death or a poor outcome following myocardial infarction. Our objective was to investigate the value of the admission glucose level in predicting long-term outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome. METHODS: The study population comprised 565 patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome within 24 hours of the start of symptoms. The final diagnosis was myocardial infarction in 56% and unstable angina in 44%. RESULTS: The patients' mean glucose level was 143 (77) mg/dL. During follow-up (42 [6] months), 55 (9.7%) patients died. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the optimum cut point for predicting death from the glucose level was 0.67; the cut point was 128 mg/dL, with a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 62%. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to blood glucose level: in group 1 (36.8%), it was > or = 128 mg/dL; in group 2, <128 mg/dL. There were differences between the groups in the incidence of diabetes (47.2% vs 12.6%; P< .001), systolic blood pressure (138 [33] mm Hg vs 133 [33] mm Hg; P< .001), and ejection fraction (48.3 [0.9]% vs 55.2 [12.4]%; P=.004). At 4 years, the survival rates were 40% and 77% in groups 1 and 2, respectively (log rank test P< .001). The following were independent predictors of mortality: admission glucose level > or =128 mg/dL (hazard ratio [HR= 2.41; P=.021), admission systolic blood pressure (HR= 0.97; P< .001), admission troponin-T level (HR=4.88; P< .001), and the development of heart failure (HR=1.04; P=.001). A rise of 10 mg/dL in glucose level was associated with a 2.56-fold increase in the risk of death (P=.012). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with acute coronary syndrome, hyperglycemia at admission (cut point > or =128 mg/dL) was associated with increased long-term risk and, in addition, was a strong independent predictor of mortality.