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The aim of this study was to identify, through a systematic review, how perceptions of genital and body self-image can influence the sexual function of young adult women. A systematic review was performed in which 704 studies were selected. After analyzing the articles, only 10 articles were included, from which the data for this research were extracted. The studies showed that there is an association between body and genital image and sexual function. However, those perceptions carry independent and distinct values depending on the associated condition and the audience being evaluated.
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Imagem Corporal , Autoimagem , Comportamento Sexual , Humanos , Feminino , Imagem Corporal/psicologia , Comportamento Sexual/psicologia , Genitália Feminina , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Disfunções Sexuais Psicogênicas/psicologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Human sleep is fundamental for the proper occurrence of organic functions. Hence, the lack of sleep can impair cognitive function, resulting in emotional problems, memory changes and disease onset. However, it is worth noting that sleep is influenced by outside factors, such as drug use. In this sense, the aim of this work is to analyze studies that had as their research object the influence of recreational marijuana on the sleep quality of adults. METHODS: A high-sensitivity research was conducted in databases (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Medline via Pubmed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus) using descriptors linked to marijuana and sleep habits. RESULTS: Eighteen studies from four countries were included with a total sample size of 29,858 participants. It was identified that marijuana affects sleep characteristics-such as latency and duration-with these changes being more evident in users who make greater use of marijuana and in those who started premature use. CONCLUSIONS: It was observed that most articles demonstrated a detrimental effect of recreational cannabis use on the quality of sleep in adults.
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BACKGROUND: There are important physiological changes in the heart rate autonomic modulation in pregnant women and these changes may affect the way their bodies respond to exercise stimulus. The objective of this review is to verify the physical exercise influence on autonomic modulation of heart rate in pregnant women. METHODS: This study is a Systematic Review. The electronic databases used to search for the studies were Cochrane Library, MEDLINE via PUBMED, Regional Health Portal and EMBASE. Experimental studies that evaluated heart-rate variability in pregnant women practicing physical exercises were included. And articles that addressed only fetal heart-rate variability, case reports, congress abstracts, clinical trial protocols without results, preprints, and gray literature were excluded. There were no language or publication year restrictions. The descriptors used in the Search were Cardiac Chronotropism, Sympathetic Nervous System, Pregnancy, and Physical Exercise. For statistical analysis, the fixed effect model was used. RESULTS: A total of 3106 articles were found, and 12 studies were included, which 5 were nonrandomized clinical trials, 4 were randomized clinical trials, and 3 were cross-sectional studies. Three hundred and four pregnant women were included in the studies. The application of physical exercise was varied, but in general they used aerobic exercises and with increased variability of the heart rate and reflex on the autonomic modulation of heart rate. CONCLUSION: Most studies demonstrate benefits heart rate in pregnant women, but limited research makes it hard to compare specific types of exercise and larger studies are needed to identify the best exercise.
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Sistema Nervoso Autônomo , Exercício Físico , Frequência Cardíaca , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Sistema Nervoso Autônomo/fisiologia , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologiaRESUMO
RESUMO A paralisia cerebral é uma encefalopatia crônica, que afeta o funcionamento familiar, alterando a rotina e o bem-estar de todos. A intensa rotina de cuidados pode acarretar estresse e afetar a autoeficácia parental. Assim sendo, objetivou-se, neste artigo, avaliar a possível associação entre estresse e autoeficácia em pais de crianças com paralisia cerebral. Participaram do estudo 81 pais de crianças com até 12 anos de idade. Utilizaram-se o inventário sociodemográfico, a escala de classificação funcional motora grossa, o Índice de Estresse Parental e a Escala de autoeficácia. A Técnica de Análise de Correspondência também foi usada. Altos níveis de autoeficácia foram associados a baixos índices de estresse nos domínios sofrimento parental [2.33 (98.00)] e interação disfuncional pai e filho [1.12 (73.54)]. A autoeficácia parental elevada funciona como um amortecedor dos eventos geradores de estresse em pais de crianças com paralisia cerebral.
ABSTRACT Cerebral palsy is a chronic encephalopathy that affects family functioning, altering everyone's routine and well-being. The intense care routine can lead to stress and affect parental self-efficacy. Thus, the aim of this article was to evaluate the possible association between stress and self-efficacy in parents of children with cerebral palsy. Eighty-one parents of children up to 12 years old participated in the study. The sociodemographic inventory, the gross motor functional rating scale, the parental stress index and the self-efficacy scale were used. The Correspondence Analysis Technique was also used. High levels of self-efficacy were associated with low levels of stress in the domains of parental distress [2.33 (98.00)] and dysfunctional parent-child interaction [1.12 (73.54)]. High parental self-efficacy acts as a buffer against stressful events in parents of children with cerebral palsy.
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Introdução: A infecção por Sars-CoV-2 possui um amplo espectro clínico, que pode ser categorizado pelo seu nível de severidade. Ser paciente oncológico está descrito na literatura como fator de risco importante em níveis mais severos da doença decorrente do estado de imunossupressão. Objetivo: Comparar as características demográficas e clínicas entre pacientes oncológicos e não oncológicos com covid-19 em um hospital de referência na cidade de Belém, Pará. Método: Estudo retrospectivo e quantitativo de análise de prontuários de pacientes diagnosticados com covid-19 entre abril e julho de 2020. Para a análise dos dados, fez-se o cálculo do risco relativo com intervalo de confiança de 95% e teste t. Resultados: A amostra totalizou 53 pacientes da UTI diagnosticados com covid-19 e foi composta principalmente pelo sexo feminino (31; 58,49%). Houve predominância do desfecho óbito no grupo de pacientes oncológicos (27; 81,8%), assim como maior número de comorbidades não neoplásicas entre os pacientes oncológicos (19; 57,5%). Além disso, os pacientes oncológicos tiveram maior tempo de suporte ventilatório invasivo, com média de dez dias (13; 39,39%). Conclusão: Houve diferença nas características demográficas e nas intervenções realizadas entre os grupos estudados.
Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 infection has a broad clinical spectrum, which can be categorized by its level of severity. Being an oncological patient is described in the literature as an important risk factor for more severe levels of the disease resulting from a state of immunosuppression. Objective: To compare demographic and clinical characteristics among cancer and non-cancer patients with COVID-19 in a referral hospital in the city of Belém, Pará. Method: Retrospective and quantitative study of analysis of medical records of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 between April and July 2020. For data analysis, the relative risk was calculated with a 95% confidence interval and test t. Results: The sample consisted in 53, mostly females (31; 58.49%) ICU patients diagnosed with COVID-19. There was a predominance of the outcome death for the group of cancer patients (27; 81.8%), as well as a greater number of non-neoplastic comorbidities among cancer patients (19; 57.5%). Cancer patients had longer invasive ventilatory support, with a mean of ten days (13; 39.39%). Conclusion: There were differences in demographic characteristics and interventions performed among the groups investigated.
Introducción: La infección por Sars-CoV-2 tiene un amplio espectro clínico, que se puede categorizar según su nivel de gravedad. Ser un paciente oncológico se describe en la literatura como un importante factor de riesgo para niveles más severos de la enfermedad derivados de un estado de inmunosupresión. Objetivo: Comparar las características demográficas y clínicas entre pacientes oncológicos y no oncológicos con covid-19 en un hospital de referencia en la ciudad de Belém, Pará. Método: Estudio retrospectivo y cuantitativo de análisis de historias clínicas de pacientes diagnosticados con covid-19, entre abril y julio de 2020. Para el análisis de datos se calculó el riesgo relativo con un intervalo de confianza del 95% y test t. Resultados: La muestra totalizó 53 pacientes de UCI diagnosticados con covid-19 e estaba compuesta principalmente por el sexo femenino (31; 58,49%). Predominó el desenlace de muerte en el grupo de pacientes oncológicos (27; 81,8%), así como un mayor número de comorbilidades no neoplásicas entre los pacientes oncológicos (19; 57,5%). Los pacientes con cáncer tuvieron soporte ventilatorio invasivo por más tiempo, con una media de diez días (13; 39,39 %). Conclusión: Hubo diferencias en las características demográficas y en las intervenciones realizadas entre los grupos estudiados.
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Humanos , Feminino , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , NeoplasiasRESUMO
ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the social and professional profile and knowledge of Primary Care professionals on maternal and child health. Cross-sectional descriptive study, from May to July 2018. It included 30 nurses and 73 Community Health Workers (CHW) from the municipality of Bragança, Pará. The form had three phases: participants' profile; close-ended questions on their profile, knowledge and resourcefulness on the First Week of Integral Care guideline; and four open-ended questions. Quantitative data was analyzed through Microsoft Office ExcelTM 2016, as qualitative data was arranged through word clouds and similarity trees in IRaMuTeQTM. The majority of nurses and CHW were female (70.9%) and worked in urban areas (60.2%), as 40% of nurses were graduated recently, with an 80% specialization courses, and 83.6% CHW had completed high school. On both categories, 82.5% did not know the First Week of Integral Health guideline, although the word clouds and similarity trees had shown that several national standardized orientations were provided. First Week of Integral Care guidelines' insufficient knowledge by nurses and CHW in the municipality points to fragility in Primary Care on maternal and child health. Although basic orientations are provided, improvement is necessary.
RESUMO Este estudo buscou avaliar o perfil socioprofissional e o conhecimento de profissionais da atenção primária sobre saúde materno-infantil. É um estudo transversal descritivo, realizado de maio a julho de 2018. Incluiu 30 enfermeiros e 73 Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS) do município de Bragança, Pará. O formulário possuiu três fases: perfil dos participantes; perguntas fechadas sobre perfil, conhecimento e habilidade sobre a diretriz Primeira Semana de Saúde Integral; e quatro perguntas abertas. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados por meio do Microsoft Office ExcelTM 2016, enquanto os dados qualitativos foram organizados por meio de nuvens de palavras e árvores de similaridades no IRaMuTeQTM. A maioria dos enfermeiros e ACS eram mulheres (70.9%) e trabalhavam em áreas urbanas, enquanto 40% dos enfermeiros formaram-se recentemente, sendo 80% por cursos de especialização; 83% dos ACS possuíam ensino médio completo. Em ambas as categorias, 82.5% não conheciam a diretriz da Primeira Semana de Saúde Integral, embora as nuvens de palavras e as árvores de similaridade tenham mostrado que várias orientações padronizadas nacionalmente eram fornecidas. O conhecimento insuficiente da diretriz Primeira Semana de Saúde Integral por parte dos ACS e enfermeiros do município indica a fragilidade da atenção básica na saúde materno-infantil. Ainda que sejam fornecidas orientações básicas, há necessidade de melhora na qualidade do serviço.
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BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is the most prevalent disease among chronic diseases and has been associated with a high prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED). OBJECTIVE: this study aims to analyze research that has as its object of study the sexual activity of patients with HF. METHODS: A high-sensitivity search was performed in databases (PUBMED via MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS AND CINAHL) using descriptors linked to sexuality and heart failure. RESULTS: Fifteen studies from 7 countries with a total sample of 6244 participants were included. CONCLUSION: It was identified that patients with HF have alterations in their sexual activities, which are more common in males. Among men, it was noticed that the most reported sexual disorder was erectile dysfunction.
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Disfunção Erétil , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Masculino , Humanos , Disfunção Erétil/etiologia , Disfunção Erétil/complicações , Comportamento Sexual , Insuficiência Cardíaca/complicações , Insuficiência Cardíaca/epidemiologia , PrevalênciaRESUMO
Performing physical exercise during hemodialysis has been debated regarding safety and efficacy for improving life quality for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Thus, we explored the influence of physical exercise during hemodialysis on both autonomic modulation of heart rate and quality of life for patients with CKF in a randomized clinical trial. We randomly allocated participants requiring hemodialysis to an experimental exercise group (EG) and a control no-exercise group (CG) and assessed their quality of life with the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form-KDQOL-SF™ 1.3 and with Polar RS800CX to monitor their heart rate variability (HRV) before and three months after the end of the exercise intervention. EG participants reported a significant increase in their quality of life (p = .05, physical function, physical aspects, pain, emotional well-being, emotional function; p = .03, energy and fatigue) and showed HRV improvement (p = .05, RMSSD, SDNN, and SD2; p = .004, SD1) after three months of exercise. Thus, we recommend supervised physical exercise during hemodialysis for carefully selected patients.
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Falência Renal Crônica , Qualidade de Vida , Exercício Físico , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Humanos , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Diálise RenalRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To identify the clinical and epidemiological profile of adult intensive care units in Brazil. METHODS: A systematic review was performed using a comprehensive strategy to search PubMed®, Embase, SciELO, and the Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. The eligibility criteria for this review were observational studies that described the epidemiological and/or clinical profile of critically ill patients admitted to Brazilian intensive care units and were published between 2007 and 2020. RESULTS: From the 4,457 identified studies, 27 were eligible for this review, constituting an analysis of 113 intensive care units and a final sample of 75,280 individuals. There was a predominance of male and elderly patients. Cardiovascular diseases were the main cause of admission to the intensive care unit. The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score was the most widely used disease severity assessment system. The length of stay and mortality in the intensive care unit varied widely between institutions. CONCLUSION: These results can help guide the planning and organization of intensive care units, providing support for decision-making and the implementation of interventions that ensure better quality patient care.Registration PROSPERO: CRD4201911808.
OBJETIVO: Identificar o perfil clínico e epidemiológico das unidades de terapia intensiva adulto no Brasil. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada revisão sistemática, por meio de estratégia abrangente nas bases de dados PubMed®, Embase, SciELO e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Os critérios de elegibilidade para esta revisão foram estudos observacionais que descreveram o perfil epidemiológico e/ou clínico de pacientes críticos, internados em unidades de terapia intensiva brasileiras e publicados no período entre 2007 e 2020. RESULTADOS: Do total de 4.457 estudos identificados, 27 foram elegíveis para esta revisão, constituindo análise de 113 unidades de terapia intensiva e amostra final composta de 75.280 indivíduos. Observou-se predominância de pacientes do sexo masculino e idosos. As doenças cardiovasculares foram a principal causa de internação na unidade de terapia intensiva e o Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II foi o sistema de avaliação de gravidade da doença mais utilizado. O tempo de permanência e a mortalidade na unidade de terapia intensiva mostram grande variação entre as instituições. CONCLUSÃO: Estes resultados são relevantes para direcionar o planejamento e a organização nas unidades de terapia intensiva, promovendo subsídio para a tomada de decisões e implementações de intervenções que garantam melhor qualidade da assistência ao paciente.Registro PROSPERO: CRD4201911808.
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Estado Terminal , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Hospitalização , Humanos , Tempo de Internação , MasculinoRESUMO
PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of different physical therapy protocols on the autonomic modulation of heart rate, time of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and length of hospital stay. METHODS: This was a randomized clinical study with 20 children on IMV in an intensive care unit (ICU), between July 2018 and September 2019. The control group (n = 10) performed the hospital's physical therapy protocol and the experimental group (n = 10) performed the physical therapy protocol based on physical exercise. RESULTS: Higher values of heart rate variability were found in the experimental group, both in individual and intergroup analyses. There was a significant reduction in the time of IMV and ICU stay. CONCLUSION: There was an improvement in heart rate variability, reduced time on mechanical ventilation and length of stay in the ICU in individuals who performed the study protocol.