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Objetivo: Caracterizar através de dados obtidos de fonte secundaria o perfil epidemiológico de acometidos por hanseníase em Teresina, Piauí de 2017 a 2021 em relação aos desafios como as incapacidades, ao acometimento em crianças e ao índice de óbitos relacionados a hanseníase.Métodos:Trata-se de um estudo observacional, analítico do tipo ecológico, através de dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravosde Notificação(SINAN). Foram investigadas as variáveis sexo, gênero, idade, escolaridade, índice de endemicidade, Grau de Incapacidade Física (GIF), formas clínicas e óbitos, através do teste qui-quadrado, do teste de Shapiro-wilk e do cálculo de odds ratio.Resultados: Houve predominâncias do perfil clínico e epidemiológicocom gênero predominantemente masculino, cor/raça parda, com nível de escolaridade até o ensino médio, com características clínicas dimorfa, no entanto sem reações predominantes, mas com alto índice de GIF I.Conclusão: Através dos dados coletados no SINANfoi possível identificar que a população de Teresina atualmente enfrenta desafios quanto a detecção da hanseníase em crianças, está oscilando parâmetros entre hiperendêmica e muito alta endemicidade, 9% da população acometida desenvolveu algum GIF e foram identificados óbitos com maior prevalência em idosos, no entanto, foi observado escassez de grande número de informações provenientes do SINAN
Objective: To characterize through data obtained from secondary sources the epidemiological profile of leprosy patients in Teresina, Piauí, from 2017 to 2021 in relation to challenges such as disabilities, involvement in children and the rate of deaths related to leprosy.Methods:This is an observational, analytical study of the ecological type, through data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN). The variables gender, gender, age, schooling, endemicity index, Physical Disability Degree (DPD), clinical forms and deaths were investigated, through the chi-square test, the Shapiro-wilk test and the odds ratio calculation.Results: There was predominance of the clinical and epidemiological profile with predominantly male gender, color/mixed race, with educational level up to high school, with dimorphous clinical characteristics, however without predominant reactions, but with high DPDIndex I.Conclusion: Through the data collected in SINANit was possible to identify that the population of Teresina currently faces challenges regarding the detection of leprosy in children, is oscillating parametersbetween hyperendemic and very high endemicity, 9% of the affected population developed some DPDand deaths with higher prevalence were identified in the elderly, however, a scarcity of large number of information from SINAN was observed.
Assuntos
Atenção Primária à Saúde , Brasil , Estatísticas de Sequelas e Incapacidade , Epidemiologia , Cidades , HanseníaseRESUMO
Objetivo: Este estudo objetivou avaliar a percepção dos médicos da família sobre a violência contra a mulher. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal, desenvolvido com 158 médicos da Estratégia Saúde da Família de Teresina/Piauí, no período de março a abril de 2019, por meio de questionário adaptado do Sistema de Indicadores de Percepção Social do Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada.Resultados: Os achados apontam que médicos do sexo masculino, especialistas, com mais de 25 anos de formação e mais de 60 anos de idade, possuem uma percepção da violência contra a mulher baseada no modelo patriarcal, como problema de foro íntimo e de culpabilização da mulher. Conclusão: É necessária capacitação médica para condução de uma prática assistencial às mulheres em situação de violência, dando-lhes um acolhimento orientado pelo modelo de saúde social. Descritores: Violência contra a mulher.Atenção Primária à Saúde.Pessoal da saúde. Percepção social.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the perception of family doctors about violence against women.Methods:This is a cross-sectional study, developed with 158 doctors from the Family Health Strategy of Teresina/Piauí, from March to April 2019, through a questionnaire adapted from the Social Perception Indicator System of the Institute of Applied Economic Research.Results:The findings indicate that male doctors, specialists, with over 25 years of training and more than 60 years of age, have a perception of violence against women based on the patriarchal model, as a problem of an intimate nature and of blaming of the woman.Conclusion:Medical training is necessary to conduct a care practice for women in situations of violence, giving them a reception guided by thesocial health model.Descriptors:Violence against women.PrimaryHealth Care.Health personnel. Social perception.
Assuntos
Atenção Primária à Saúde , Percepção Social , Pessoal de Saúde , Violência contra a MulherRESUMO
A dengue é uma arbovirose considerada de cunho desafiadora para a saúde pública mundial, visto que proporciona prejuízos duradouros, representando, assim, uma ameaça à saúde humana. Dessa forma, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a distribuição espacial dos casos de dengue no Piauí entre 2015 e 2019. Tratou-se de um estudo ecológico espacial da dengue, com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) de 2015 a 2019. Foi aplicado o teste de associação X² para a análise bivariada e para análise espacial foi utilizado o software Qgis (versão 3.16.7. Hannover). Nesse período, foram notificados 27289 casos e 21944 casos confirmados de dengue. O município de Teresina (62,9%) e a região de saúde Entre Rios (65,84%) apresentaram os maiores registros. O sexo feminino (58,4%), a faixa entre 20 e 34 anos (33,52%) e a etnia parda (44%) foram os mais afetados. Quanto à escolaridade, 58,5% foram ignorados. Os casos de dengue estão concentrados em polos com grande fluxo populacional. A identificação do perfil epidemiológico, da mesma maneira que os seus principais fatores de risco, é uma forma de auxiliar o sistema de saúde de todo o estado na elaboração de políticas de controle específicas para a população mais vulnerável a doença.
Dengue is an arboviral disease considered global public health challenge, as it provides lasting damage, thus representing a threat to human health. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of dengue cases in Piauí between 2015 and 2019. This was a spatial ecological study of dengue, with data from the Disease Notification Information System (SINAN) from 2015 to 2019. The X² association test was applied for the bivariate analysis and the Qgis software (version 3.16.7. Hannover) was used for spatial analysis. During this period, 27,289 cases and 21,944 confirmed cases of dengue were reported. The city of Teresina (62.9%) and the health region Entre Rios (65.84%) had the highest records. Females (58.4%), between 20 and 34 years old (33.52%) and mixed race (44%) were the most affected. As for education, 58.5% did not respond. Dengue cases are concentrated in poles with large population flows. The identification of the epidemiological profile, as well as its main risk factors, is a way to help the health system of the entire state to elaborate specific control policies for the population most vulnerable to the disease.
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OBJECTIVE: To verify the association between metabolic syndrome and its components, and intake of antioxidant nutrients in adolescents. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of the data of 327 adolescents in a high school in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil, pertaining to their socioeconomic background, anthropometric measurements, dietary intake (selenium; copper; zinc; vitamins A, C, and E), hemodynamics, and biochemical tests. The criteria for diagnosing metabolic syndrome in adolescents were applied. Binary logistic regression was used to verify the association between metabolic syndrome and its components, and intake of antioxidants. The level of significance was established at p<0.05. RESULTS: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 7.0%, with a significant association between body mass index and blood pressure. Lower tertiles of copper and vitamins A and E intake were associated with high triglyceride and glycemic levels. The association with vitamins A and E remained after adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: A significant association between lower vitamins A and E intake and metabolic syndrome components (altered triglycerides and glycemic levels) was found. Besides further studies on this issue, the need for health interventions was found, which ensures the appropriate intake of antioxidant nutrients during adolescence.
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Antioxidantes , Síndrome Metabólica , Adolescente , Estudos Transversais , Dieta , Ingestão de Alimentos , Ingestão de Energia , Humanos , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologiaRESUMO
SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To verify the association between metabolic syndrome and its components, and intake of antioxidant nutrients in adolescents. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of the data of 327 adolescents in a high school in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil, pertaining to their socioeconomic background, anthropometric measurements, dietary intake (selenium; copper; zinc; vitamins A, C, and E), hemodynamics, and biochemical tests. The criteria for diagnosing metabolic syndrome in adolescents were applied. Binary logistic regression was used to verify the association between metabolic syndrome and its components, and intake of antioxidants. The level of significance was established at p<0.05. RESULTS: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 7.0%, with a significant association between body mass index and blood pressure. Lower tertiles of copper and vitamins A and E intake were associated with high triglyceride and glycemic levels. The association with vitamins A and E remained after adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: A significant association between lower vitamins A and E intake and metabolic syndrome components (altered triglycerides and glycemic levels) was found. Besides further studies on this issue, the need for health interventions was found, which ensures the appropriate intake of antioxidant nutrients during adolescence.
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Humanos , Adolescente , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Antioxidantes , Ingestão de Energia , Estudos Transversais , Dieta , Ingestão de AlimentosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To verify the relationship of intermittent fasting in the bodyweight of overweight and obese individuals through a systematic literature review. METHODS: This is a systematic review based on randomized controlled trials. The articles were consulted in the databases: Science Direct, PubMed e BVS. This review was evaluated through the PRISMA recommendation. RESULTS: After the selection process, four articles were included in this review, comparing intermittent fasting (IF) with calorie restriction diet (CRD) as a control group. In 2 studies using similar protocols, there was no significant reduction in body weight of overweight or obese subjects. In the other two studies using different protocols, weight loss was significant in the IF group compared to the CRD group. CONCLUSIONS: Results did not provide evidence of the effect of intermittent fasting on weight loss in overweight or obese individuals.
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Peso Corporal/fisiologia , Jejum/fisiologia , Obesidade/dietoterapia , Sobrepeso/dietoterapia , Redução de Peso/fisiologia , Restrição Calórica/métodos , Dieta Redutora/métodos , Humanos , Obesidade/metabolismo , Sobrepeso/metabolismo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Background: Cancer and fibroadenoma are the most common breast tumors in women of reproductive age. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) transcription factor play an important role in the inflammatory process and in cell proliferation. However, few studies have analyzed these markers in breast cancer and fibroadenoma in women of reproductive age. Results: Light microscopy showed a higher concentration of anti-Nrf2 and anti-NF-κB-stained nuclei in breast cancer than in fibroadenoma. The mean percentage of stained nuclei for Nrf2 was 7.12 ± 5.2 and 43.21 ± 19.83 in the control and study groups, respectively (p < 0.0001). The mean percentage of anti-NF-κB was 10.75 ± 7.09 and 56.14 ± 21.19 (mean ± standard deviation) in the control and study groups, respectively (p < 0.0001). Histological grade 3 tumors showed a significantly higher expression of Nrf2 and NF-κB than grade 1 tumors (p < 0.05). Material and methods: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Federal University of Piaui and all patients assigned an inform consent term prior to the study initiation. Nrf2 and NF-κB expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 66 patients, divided into two groups, control (fibroadenoma, n = 36) and study (cancer, n = 30). The data were analyzed using ANOVA test and the statistical significance was established at p < 0.05. Conclusion: Nrf2 and NF-κB expression was significantly higher in breast cancer than in fibroadenoma, in addition to having a greater association with more aggressive tumors.
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This study aimed to determine the main single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with an increased or decreased risk of glioma development in healthy individuals. We conducted a systematic review of the articles published in English on the PUBMED database between January 2008 and December 2017. Our search resulted in a total of 743 articles; however, only 56 were included in this review. A total of 148 polymorphisms were found, which involved 64 different genes. The polymorphisms that were most associated with an increased risk of glioma development were polymorphic variants rs179782, rs13181, and rs3791679 of the genes XRCC1, ERCC2, and EFEMP1, respectively.
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Neoplasias Encefálicas/genética , Estudos de Associação Genética/métodos , Glioma/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Proteínas da Matriz Extracelular/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Proteína 1 Complementadora Cruzada de Reparo de Raio-X/genética , Proteína Grupo D do Xeroderma Pigmentoso/genéticaRESUMO
Abstract Objectives: to analyze the obstetric and sociodemographic profile on perinatal deaths in Teresina the capital of Piauí, from data obtained from the Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade e Sistema de Informação de Nascidos Vivos (Brazilian Mortality Information System and Livebirth Information System). Methods: this is a retrospective cohort on perinatal deaths of mothers whose babies were born and resided in Teresina between 2010 and 2014. The analyzed variables were age and the mother´s schooling, gestational age, type of pregnancy (singleton or multiple), route of delivery (vaginal or cesarean), place of death (in and out hospital), time of death in relation to the delivery (prior, during or after), and birth weight. Results: the perinatal mortality coefficient (PMC) varied from 17.5 to 19.3 per 1,000 births. We found similarities in the sociodemographic profile and in the obstetric fetal and non-fetal deaths, both with a great incidence on 20 to 27 years-old mothers, vaginal delivery and singleton pregnancy. Low birth weight was positively related to early neonatal deaths. Conclusions: perinatal mortality presented a statistical correlation in gestational age, birth weight, and type of delivery. The PMC in our study was higher than other Brazilian capitals.
Resumo Objetivos: analisar o perfil obstétrico e sociodemográfico dos óbitos perinatais ocorridos em Teresina, capital do Piauí, a partir de dados provenientes dos Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade e Sistema de Informação de Nascidos Vivos. Métodos: coorte retrospectiva de óbitos perinatais nascidos de mães residentes em Teresina, entre 2010 e 2014. As variáveis analisadas foram faixa etária e escolaridade da mãe, idade gestacional, tipo de gravidez (única ou múltipla), via de parto (vaginal ou cesáreo), local do óbito (intra ou extra-hospitalar), momento do óbito em relação ao parto (antes, durante ou após), e peso do concepto. Resultados: o coeficiente de mortalidade perinatal (CMP) variou entre 17,5 e 19,3 por mil nascidos. Verificaram-se semelhanças quanto ao perfil sociodemográfico e obstétrico dos óbitos fetais e não fetais, ambos com maior incidência em mães com faixa etária entre 20 e 27 anos, em parto vaginal e no tipo de gravidez única. Baixo peso ao nascer se relacionou positivamente com os óbitos neonatais precoces. Conclusões: a mortalidade perinatal apresentou correlação estatística com a idade gestacional, o peso ao nascer, e o tipo de parto. O CMP no nosso estudo foi mais elevado do que o de outras capitais brasileiras.
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Humanos , Feminino , Perfil de Saúde , Mortalidade Neonatal Precoce , Natimorto/epidemiologia , Mortalidade Perinatal , Brasil , Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso , Gravidez , Mortalidade Infantil , Indicadores Básicos de Saúde , Idade Gestacional , Assistência Perinatal , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à SaúdeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Sarcomas account for less than 1% of primary breast cancers, and breast angiosarcomas are responsible for only 0.05% of all breast malignancies. The male breast has the same potential for malignant transformation as the female breast. However, due to anatomical differences in the breast and the low incidence of angiosarcoma, it is difficult to determine how male breasts can be affected by this type of tumor. CASE PRESENTATION: A 36-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital with a palpable lump in his right breast. Lymphadenopathy was negative. Ultrasonography showed a hypoechoic mass with partially defined contours, measuring 4.0 × 3.0 cm, with muscle infiltration. Histological examination revealed a malignant tumor. Radical mastectomy was then performed with clear surgical margins. The patient began chemotherapy with paclitaxel. Following the second cycle of chemotherapy, he presented with headache and seizures due to a frontal lobe metastasis. Twenty days after the onset of neurological symptoms, the patient died. CONCLUSIONS: Primary angiosarcomas of the male breast are extremely rare. This is the sixth case published in the literature. It is in agreement with other studies in the literature concerning clinical presentation and poor prognosis. Treatment consists in surgical removal of the tumor with clear margins and without axillary lymphadenectomy.