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La revista en su evolución y con la constante mejora en la calidad del proceso editorial ha logrado consolidarse y adquirir reconocimiento, de tal forma que en la actualidad está incluida en ocho bases de datos, entre estas, las tres principales de América Latina: La Biblioteca Virtual en Salud Regional, Scielo y Redalyc, en las dos últimas es la única revista de enfermería de México. En 2016 obtiene otro reconocimiento importante, al ser incluida en el Sistema de Clasificación de Revistas Mexicanas de Ciencia y Tecnología del Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de nuestro país. Estos datos están íntimamente relacionados con la visibilidad y difusión alcanzada, por ejemplo, durante 2017 el número de visitas al sitio de la revista, sólo en la base de datos Scielo, fue de 481 mil, lo que equivale a 1317 visitas por día.
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Pesquisa em Enfermagem , EditorialRESUMO
The stabilization of δ-phase of poly(vinylidene fluoride) PVDF in a 14 µm-thickness ferroelectric membrane is achieved by a simple route based on the use of a dimethylformamide (DMF)/acetone solvent, in which the application of external electric field is not required. X-ray diffraction and calorimetric experiments on heating reveal that, at 154 °C, the original mixture between ferroelectric δ-phase and paraelectric α-phase transits to a system with only this latter phase in the crystalline fraction. A gradual and slight increment of amorphous fraction up to the melting at 161 °C is also observed. The existence of δ-phase is corroborated by the occurrence of a broad maximum around 154 °C in dielectric permittivity measurements, as well as the hysteresis loops observed at room temperature. These results suggest a wide thermal window for a stable δ-phase, between room temperature and 154 °C, a subsequent transition into α-phase and the corresponding melting at 161 °C. The broad dielectric maximum observed around 154 °C in dielectric and calorimetric measurements, can be associated with a diffuse ferroelectric-paraelectric transition.
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El Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT), a principios del mes de abril dio a conocer el nuevo Sistema de Clasificación de Revistas Mexicanas de Ciencia y Tecnología (CRMCyT), con el cual se sustituye al anterior Índice de Revistas Mexicanas de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica. Entre las 201 revistas evaluadas y aceptadas, 35 corresponden al área de medicina y ciencias de la salud, ENFERMERÍA UNIVERSITARIA quedó incluida en este grupo, clasificada en el nivel 7.
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Despite the significant advances in the meniscus tissue engineering field, it is difficult to recreate the complex structure and organization of the collagenous matrix of the meniscus. In this work, we developed a meniscus prototype to be used as substitute or scaffold for the regeneration of the meniscal matrix, recreating the differential morphology of the meniscus by electrospinning. Synthetic biocompatible polymers were combined with the extracellular matrix component, collagen and used to replicate the meniscus. We studied the correlation between mechanical and structural properties of the polymer blend as a function of collagen concentration. Fibers were collected on a surface of a rapidly rotating precast mold, to accurately replicate each sectional morphology of the meniscus; different electro-tissues were produced. Detailed XRD analyses exhibited structural changes developed by electrospinning. We achieved to integrate all these electro-tissues to form a complete synthetic meniscus. Vascularization tests were performed to assess the potential use of our novel polymeric blend for promising meniscus regeneration.
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Materiais Biocompatíveis/química , Polímeros/química , Animais , Colágeno/química , Força Compressiva , Módulo de Elasticidade , Feminino , Rim/patologia , Ácido Láctico/química , Meniscos Tibiais/fisiologia , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Poliésteres , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Regeneração , Engenharia Tecidual , Difração de Raios XRESUMO
La intususcepción intestinal es una patología infrecuente en el adulto causante de 1%-5% de obstrucciones intestinales, se asocia con frecuencia a patologías de origen neoplásico o alteraciones estructurales del tracto gastrointestinal, sin embargo hasta en el 10% de los casos es idiopática. En la mayoría de los casos el diagnóstico se realiza después de la intervención quirúrgica, pero con el desarrollo de técnicas de imagen, en la actualidad, se puede llegar a la presunción diagnóstica previa intervención. Se presenta un caso clínico en el cual el diagnóstico se realiza de manera preoperatoria por medio de tomografía computarizada y la revisión de literatura correspondiente.
Intestinal intussusception is an uncommon condition in adults which causes 1% to 5% of intestinal obstructions. Although it is frequently associated with neoplastic pathologies or structural abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract, up to 10% of cases are idiopathic. In most cases the diagnosis is made after surgery, but with the development of imaging techniques, a diagnosis is possible prior to intervention. This article presents a case in which the diagnosis was made preoperatively by CT scan and presents a review of the relevant literature.
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Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Adulto , Obstrução Intestinal , IntussuscepçãoRESUMO
Las malas prácticas o prácticas inadecuadas se presentan en paralelo con el desarrollo de la investigación, de tal forma que en los Requisitos de uniformidad para manuscritos enviados a revistas biomédicas (Normas Vancouver) , publicados por primera vez en 1978, se incluyen definiciones que aluden a estas conductas inadecuadas, en su última edición realizada en 2013 donde se adopta la denominación de Recomendaciones para la realización de informes, edición y publicación de trabajos académicos en revistas médicas se mantienen en su inciso IIID las definiciones y señalamientos sobre ese tipo de prácticas 1; su prevención o erradicación ha dado origen a organismos específicos que tienen como tarea central establecer directrices sobre buenas prácticas para publicaciones , es el caso, a nivel internacional, del Comité de ética para publicaciones (COPE por sus siglas en inglés) fundado en 1997; que ha establecido directrices para buenas prácticas en cada fase de la investigación, relativas a la actuación de los participantes, ya sea autores, revisores o editores, para identificar conflictos de interés; también definen algunas conductas inapropiadas, y se brinda orientación para investigarlas y adoptar sanciones según la gravedad del caso particular.
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Multidisciplinary management of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) has achieved outstanding results in developed nations. We aimed to describe the status of diagnosis and management of DMD in a developing country through the experience of non-profit organizations. METHODS: A Multistate, multiple-source, population-based survey was performed from medical records of 432 patients. Data were retrospectively collected, reviewed and curated by health specialists; including clinical features, age at first symptoms, age at diagnosis, disease progression and management, family history, education, age and cause of death. RESULTS: There is a delay in noticing first symptoms and it did not diminish over the past 20 years. Less than 30% of patients obtained definite diagnosis and most of them are in physiotherapy programs but not under steroid treatment. In our study, family history does not anticipate recognition of symptoms compared to sporadic cases (p = 0.05). Approximately 93.33% of our patients attended to education programs. Mean age at death was 18.94 +/- 6.73 years and the most frequent cause was pneumonia. CONCLUSION: Delayed diagnosis of DMD in Mexico is mainly caused by the late detection of first symptoms. There is no difference in early detection of symptoms between familiar and sporadic cases. Lifespan of patients in our cohort is reduced compared to developed countries. The late diagnosis and low percentage of definite cases may affect patient management and genetic counseling and could also preclude participation of patients into novel clinical trials.
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Diagnóstico Tardio/estatística & dados numéricos , Gerenciamento Clínico , Aconselhamento Genético/estatística & dados numéricos , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Países em Desenvolvimento , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/epidemiologia , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/genética , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/terapia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Epigenetic alterations have been suggested to be associated with obesity and related metabolic disorders. Here we examined the correlation between obesity and insulin resistance with the methylation frequency of the leptin (LEP) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) promoters in obese adolescents with the aim to identify epigenetic markers that might be used as tools to predict and follow up the physiological alterations associated with the development of the metabolic syndrome. SUBJECTS: One hundred and six adolescents were recruited and classified according to body mass index and homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance index. The circulating concentrations of leptin, adiponectin and of several metabolic markers of obesity and insulin resistance were determined by standard methods. The methylation frequency of the LEP and ADIPOQ promoters was determined by methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR) in DNA obtained from peripheral blood samples. RESULTS: Obese adolescents without insulin resistance showed higher and lower circulating levels of, respectively, leptin and adiponectin along with increased plasmatic concentrations of insulin and triglycerides. They also exhibited the same methylation frequency than lean subjects of the CpG sites located at -51 and -31 nt relative to the transcription start site of the LEP gene. However, the methylation frequency of these nucleotides dropped markedly in obese adolescents with insulin resistance. We found the same inverse relationship between the combined presence of obesity and insulin resistance and the methylation frequency of the CpG site located at -283 nt relative to the start site of the ADIPOQ promoter. CONCLUSIONS: These observations sustain the hypothesis that epigenetic modifications might underpin the development of obesity and related metabolic disorders. They also validate the use of blood leukocytes and MS-PCR as a reliable and affordable methodology for the identification of epigenetic modifications that could be used as molecular markers to predict and follow up the physiological changes associated with obesity and insulin resistance.
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Adiponectina/sangue , Metilação de DNA , Resistência à Insulina , Leptina/sangue , Síndrome Metabólica/sangue , Obesidade/sangue , Adiponectina/genética , Adiponectina/metabolismo , Adolescente , Biomarcadores/sangue , Glicemia/metabolismo , Índice de Massa Corporal , Criança , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Genes Reguladores , Homeostase , Humanos , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólica/genética , Síndrome Metabólica/metabolismo , Síndrome Metabólica/fisiopatologia , México , Obesidade/genética , Obesidade/metabolismo , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodosRESUMO
Introducción: Las Instituciones de Educación Superior requieren evaluar de manera permanente la pertinencia de su oferta educativa en función de las demandas del mercado de trabajo, a fin de garantizar las mejores condiciones para la inserción, desarrollo y desempeño profesional de sus egresados. Objetivo: Identificar la opinión de los empleadores sobre el desempeño de los egresados del Plan Único de Especialización en Enfermería (PUEE) de la ENEO-UNAM. Métodos: Se entrevistaron a empleadores de 11 instituciones de salud (9 públicas, una privada y una asociación civil), ubicadas en su mayoría en el D.F. y del tercer nivel de atención. Las variables estudiadas fueron las competencias generales, conocimientos específicos, atributos, actitudes y valores, para cada una se elaboraron diferentes ítems conforme a las características señaladas en el perfil del egresado del PUEE, el instrumento quedó integrado por 39 ítems en total, con una escala de respuestas que califica el desempeño de 1 al 5 equivalente a muy deficiente, deficiente, aceptable, muy aceptable y excelente, respectivamente. Resultados: Los empleadores consideran que los egresados tienen un nivel muy aceptable de conocimientos propios de la especialidad, de los cuidados especializados, del Proceso de Atención de Enfermería (PAE) y del lenguaje especializado; hubo diferencias en las calificaciones según el tamaño de las instituciones, las foráneas otorgaron mejores que los institutos nacionales de salud. Discusión: El nivel de desempeño es acorde con calidad en la atención, y debiera permanecer como distintivo del actuar del profesional de enfermería. Se requiere reforzar la capacidad de toma de decisiones, de autocrítica, entre otras y, analizar casos particulares de instituciones que otorgaron calificaciones menores.
Introduction: High Level Education Institutions need to assess their education offer pertinence in terms of the labor market demands in order to guarantee the best conditions for the professional development of their graduates. Objective: Identify the opinion of employers on the performance of the ENEO-UNAM Nursing Specialization Unique Plan (PUEE) graduates. Methods: Employers from eleven 3rd level attention health institutions (9 public, one private, and one civil association) and located mainly in the Federal District, were interviewed. Studied variables included general competencies, specific knowledge, attributes, attitudes and values. The final instrument had 39 items to be graded as 1 = very deficient, 2 = deficient, 3 = acceptable, 4 = very acceptable, or 5 = outstanding. Results: employers considered that the graduates have a very acceptable level of specialty knowledge, specialized care, nursing attention process (NAP), and specialized language. There were differences in the grades depending on the institution size; the distant ones giving better scores than the national institutes of health. Discussion: The performance level is proportional to the attention quality, and should stay as a nursing professional distinctive. It is necessary to strengthen the decision taking and self-assessment capacity, among other, and analyze the particular cases of the institutions which gave lower scores.