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Introduction: Perceived discrimination is a complex phenomenon of study and has significant repercussions on people's health. Many studies confirm the negative effects of stress on workers' health in the workplace, affecting both their physical and mental health. However, there is no consensus when investigating the construct of "perceived work discrimination". Objective: To examine how perceived workplace discrimination has been investigated, considering its association with health and occupational outcomes. Methods: A scoping review will be performed according to the PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews and the Joanna Briggs Institute. We will search for published articles in english and spanish between 2000 and 2022 in the Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed, and PsycInfo databases. Through the Rayyan application, two reviewers will independently select titles and abstracts. Then, they will review the full texts. Subsequently, relevant information about the selected articles will be extracted, and their methodological quality will be evaluated. Finally, a narrative synthesis of the main results found will be made. Discussion: We expect the findings to improve methodological aspects when investigating perceived workplace discrimination, facilitating decision-making for those researchers who wish to address perceived work discrimination.

Introducción: La discriminación percibida es un fenómeno complejo de estudiar y que tiene grandes repercusiones en la salud de las personas. En el ámbito laboral, existe un gran número de estudios que confirma los efectos negativos en la salud de los trabajadores, afectando la salud física y psicológica de estos. Sin embargo, no existe un consenso al momento de investigar el constructo "discriminación laboral percibida". Objetivo: Explorar como se ha investigado la discriminación laboral percibida, considerando su asociación con salud y resultados ocupacionales. Métodos: Se realizará una revisión panorámica de acuerdo con las guías PRISMA para revisiones panorámicas y del Instituto Joanna Briggs. Se efectuará la búsqueda de los artículos publicados en idioma inglés y español entre los años 2000 y 2022 en las bases de datos Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed y PsycInfo. A través de la aplicación Rayyan, dos revisores realizarán de manera independiente la selección de títulos y resúmenes. Luego, los mismos revisarán los textos completos. Posteriormente, se extraerá la información relevante sobre los artículos seleccionados y se evaluará la calidad metodológica de estos. Finalmente, se hará una síntesis narrativa de los principales resultados encontrados. Discusión: Se espera que los hallazgos contribuyan a mejorar los aspectos metodológicos al momento de investigar la discriminación laboral percibida y facilitar la toma de decisiones de aquellos investigadores que deseen abordar la discriminación laboral percibida.

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INTRODUCCIÓN: La discriminación percibida es un fenómeno complejo de estudiar y que tiene grandes repercusiones en la salud de las personas. En el ámbito laboral, existe un gran número de estudios que confirma los efectos negativos en la salud de los trabajadores, afectando la salud física y psicológica de estos. Sin embargo, no existe un consenso al momento de investigar el constructo "discriminación laboral percibida". OBJETIVO: Explorar como se ha investigado la discriminación laboral percibida, considerando su asociación con salud y resultados ocupacionales. MÉTODOS: Se realizará una revisión panorámica de acuerdo con las guías PRISMA para revisiones panorámicas y del Instituto Joanna Briggs. Se efectuará la búsqueda de los artículos publicados en idioma inglés y español entre los años 2000 y 2022 en las bases de datos Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed y PsycInfo. A través de la aplicación Rayyan, dos revisores realizarán de manera independiente la selección de títulos y resúmenes. Luego, los mismos revisarán los textos completos. Posteriormente, se extraerá la información relevante sobre los artículos seleccionados y se evaluará la calidad metodológica de estos. Finalmente, se hará una síntesis narrativa de los principales resultados encontrados. DISCUSIÓN: Se espera que los hallazgos contribuyan a mejorar los aspectos metodológicos al momento de investigar la discriminación laboral percibida y facilitar la toma de decisiones de aquellos investigadores que deseen abordar la discriminación laboral percibida.

INTRODUCTION: Perceived discrimination is a complex phenomenon of study and has significant repercussions on people's health. Many studies confirm the negative effects of stress on workers' health in the workplace, affecting both their physical and mental health. However, there is no consensus when investigating the construct of "perceived work discrimination". OBJECTIVE: To examine how perceived workplace discrimination has been investigated, considering its association with health and occupational outcomes. METHODS: A scoping review will be performed according to the PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews and the Joanna Briggs Institute. We will search for published articles in english and spanish between 2000 and 2022 in the Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed, and PsycInfo databases. Through the Rayyan application, two reviewers will independently select titles and abstracts. Then, they will review the full texts. Subsequently, relevant information about the selected articles will be extracted, and their methodological quality will be evaluated. Finally, a narrative synthesis of the main results found will be made. DISCUSSION: We expect the findings to improve methodological aspects when investigating perceived workplace discrimination, facilitating decision-making for those researchers who wish to address perceived work discrimination.

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BACKGROUND: An appropriate match between a product and its end-users requires anthropometric data, which show variations among different countries. Proper Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) fit is key for safety and comfort. Chile had no head and facial anthropometric data available in order to design face/head PPE. OBJECTIVE: To describe face/head anthropometric characteristics of Chilean workers. Additionally, this study compared those dimensions against other populations (United States (US), South Korea and China). METHODS: An anthropometric survey involving 21 measures was conducted between September 2013 to May 2016 using stratified sampling. The measurements were based on ISO/TS 16976-2 and ISO 15535 to ensure the highest standards possible, and a total of 474 workers, aged from 18 to 66 years old, participated in the survey. RESULTS: The biggest differences were in Neck circumference, Weight, Nose breadth, Nose protrusion, Bitragion chin arc, Face length, Subnasale-sellion length, Face width, Bigonial breadth and Bitragion subnasal arc. Head length of Chileans were longer than Chinese and South Korean ones, but shorter than US Head length. Chilean Head breadth is smaller than Chinese and South Korean ones. Chileans Face length was the largest observed. Face width of Chileans was smaller than US and Chinese ones. Gender specific differences were also observed in the inter-country comparisons. Chilean males had larger anthropometric dimensions than females. CONCLUSION: Chilean Head and face dimensions differed significantly when compared against US, South Korean and Chines Head and Face dimensions. Chileans have longer and narrower faces with wider mouths, with a head size in between the US and Asian heads. Face and head PPE for Chileans should use dimensions in the current paper in order to ensure proper fit.

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Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders of the Upper Limbs (WRMSDs-ULs) are one of the most common occupational diseases worldwide. Repetitive motion is one of the main risk factors associated with these conditions. Several efforts have been made within the scientific community in order to develop specific methods to assess the risk that repetitive work represents. Furthermore, internationally coordinated work has resulted in the generation of a series of ISO standards to address issues around ergonomics in the workplace. In 2012, Chile adopted the ISO11228-3 standard checklist in its regulatory process, creating the first technical standard of risk management for repetitive motion. The aim of this study is to present the results of a nation-wide online survey of Chilean Health and Safety Practitioners and Ergonomists, which was conducted in order to identify their level of application experience, most commonly adopted practices, and opinions on the first Chilean Standard for WRMSDs-ULs risk assessment. A second aim is to discuss common issues and possible improvements in public policies, and the adoption of international instruments by developing countries. A total of 331 respondents completed the survey (183 Ergonomists and 148 non-ergonomist). It was observed that a number of the participants consider that the adaptation of the ISO standard has several issues, ranging from simple ones as wording and format to more complex ones regarding overall structure, logic, and ease of use. One of the main issues expressed is the fact that during the adaptation process the instrument is applied in multitask jobs, without providing clear instructions or training. Furthermore, among the top three most used assessment methods were RULA and REBA, which are posture-driven, instead of methods validated for repetitive motion. The issues detected by the Chilean OHS practitioners are common in developing countries, where an intersection of lack of resources, public agency authoritarianism, and poor communication between public-private and public-public organizations contribute to poor consultation, validation, and adaptation processes. Suggestions to improve the current Chilean standard, as well as considerations for developing countries, are presented.

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A secular trend in body height has been experienced in many nations and populations, hypothesized to be the result of better living conditions. Educational level has been shown to be closely associated with body height. This study examined the changes in body height and popliteal height in a group of adult Chilean male workers by age cohort and the relationship of these with educational level. The body heights and popliteal heights of 1404 male workers from the Valparaíso and Metropolitan regions of Chile were measured in 2016. The sample was grouped by level of education (primary, secondary, technical and university) and age (21-30, 31-40 and 41-50 years). Robust ANOVA and post-hoc analyses using a one-step modified M-estimation of location were conducted based on bootstrap resampling. Both body height and popliteal height increased from the older to the younger age cohort. The largest increase was from the 41-50 to the 21-30 group, with a 1.1% increase in body height and 1.7% increase in popliteal height. When educational level was introduced into the analysis there was a marked increase in both body height and popliteal height for each cohort, but only in primary- and secondary-educated workers. Despite showing an overall increase in body height and popliteal height, younger workers with the highest levels of education showed fewer differences between them than did older workers with less education. The differences were larger in the older than in the younger cohorts. Similarly, this trend was less clear in workers with higher levels of education (technical and university), probably because of a dilution effect caused by increased access to higher education by workers in the lower income quintiles.

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