RESUMO
We describe the pathology of a unique case of Fallopian tube amebiasis, associated with hydrosalpinx, in a 21-year-old woman. She complained of lower abdominal pain, had a foul-smelling green vaginal discharge and fever during one week. There was a discrete increase in body temperature and a painful abdominal palpation at the lower right side, with signs of local peritoneal irritation. Pathological examination showed a marked dilatation of the fallopian tube and hydrosalpinx. Microscopic examination showed a poorly formed granuloma composed of large macrophages with many Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites inside the fallopian tube. Even though it is a rare disease the correct diagnosis of female genital tract amebiasis is of great importance for the indication of proper therapy.
Assuntos
Entamoeba histolytica/isolamento & purificação , Entamebíase/diagnóstico , Entamebíase/parasitologia , Salpingite/diagnóstico , Salpingite/parasitologia , Adulto , Animais , Entamebíase/cirurgia , Tubas Uterinas/parasitologia , Tubas Uterinas/patologia , Tubas Uterinas/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Salpingite/cirurgiaRESUMO
We describe the pathology of a unique case of Fallopian tube amebiasis, associated with hydrosalpinx, in a 21-year-old woman. She complained of lower abdominal pain, had a foul-smelling green vaginal discharge and fever during one week. There was a discrete increase in body temperature and a painful abdominal palpation at the lower right side, with signs of local peritoneal irritation. Pathological examination showed a marked dilatation of the fallopian tube and hydrosalpinx. Microscopic examination showed a poorly formed granuloma composed of large macrophages with many Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites inside the fallopian tube. Even though it is a rare disease the correct diagnosis of female genital tract amebiasis is of great importance for the indication of proper therapy.
Assuntos
Adulto , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Salpingite , Entamoeba histolytica , Entamebíase/diagnóstico , Entamebíase/parasitologia , Salpingite , Tubas Uterinas , Entamebíase/cirurgiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: The incidence of anogenital squamous-cell carcinoma was observed to have increased since the beginning of the human immunodeficiency virus infection epidemic among male homosexuals, both with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. It seems that immunosuppression is the most important risk factor for the progression of anogenital lesions, recurrences of anal condyloma, and development of anal carcinoma, in particular in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. High-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia was predominantly observed in the human immunodeficiency virus-positive men. We have also observed a high rate of recurrences of anal lesions in cases of high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia. However, there are many cases of recurrences of low-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia that cannot be predicted by routine histologic studies. By using immunohistochemical methods, we studied the expression of Ki-67 in epithelial cells of low-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome to try to predict recurrence of these lesions. METHODS: Anal biopsies of 38 patients were studied retrospectively. Of these patients, 14 had no recurrences (Group 1), and 24 patients had recurrence of the anal lesions before one year of follow-up (Group 2). RESULTS: The median percentage of Ki-67-positive cells in Group 1 was 6.3 +/- 7.03 and in Group 2 was 24.1 +/- 16.72. The difference between Groups 1 and 2 was statistically significant (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed a high correlation between the percentage of Ki-67-positive cells and recurrences. We concluded that Ki-67 counting in low-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia can aid in predicting recurrences and therefore aid in the follow-up of these patients.
Assuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/complicações , Neoplasias do Ânus/complicações , Neoplasias do Ânus/metabolismo , Carcinoma in Situ/complicações , Carcinoma in Situ/metabolismo , Condiloma Acuminado/complicações , Condiloma Acuminado/metabolismo , Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Adulto , Neoplasias do Ânus/patologia , Carcinoma in Situ/patologia , Condiloma Acuminado/patologia , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
The objective of this study was to determine whether some morphometric parameters and two different methods of counting AgNOR dots were correlated with the grade of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Thirty uterine cervix biopsies (8 cases of cervicitis, 9 CIN I, CIN II and 6 CIN III) were studied. Two methods were used to count AgNOR dots. The first one consisted of counting the number of epithelial cells with 1, 2, 3, 4, or more dots. The second method, based on a computer analysis system, consisted of counting the total number of dots in 100 cells, without considering the number of dots per cell. Using the same computer analysis system, the following parameters were measured: area, diameter, perimeter, roundness and length of each dot. The following parameters were found to be correlated with the grade of intraepithelial neoplasia: 1) number of cells with 1 dot, which decreased with increasing grade of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; 2) number of cells with 4 dots or more, which increased with increasing grade of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; 3) total number of dots per 100 cells, which progressively increased with increasing grade of intraepithelial neoplasia. We conclude that counting cells with 4 or more dots is the more trustworthy parameter for distinguishing the grade of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
Assuntos
Colo do Útero/patologia , Região Organizadora do Nucléolo/patologia , Displasia do Colo do Útero/patologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/patologia , Biópsia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Região Organizadora do Nucléolo/genética , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Coloração pela Prata , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/genética , Cervicite Uterina/genética , Cervicite Uterina/patologia , Displasia do Colo do Útero/genéticaRESUMO
It has been reported that cervical intraepithelial lesions have a more aggressive course in HIV-seropositive than in HIV-seronegative women. In the present investigation, the progression of these cervical lesions was studied in a group of HIV-seropositive women. Of 1,587 patients, 200 (12.6%) had a cytological diagnosis of squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) or invasive carcinoma. In 409 patients, more than one cytological smear was collected in 3(1/2) years. Progression occurred in 39 cases. In 24 (61.5%), the first diagnosis was benign cellular changes (BCC) and the second was low-grade SIL (LSIL) (1-yr interval in 21 cases); in 11 (28.2%), the first was BCC, and the second, high-grade SIL (HSIL) (1-yr interval in 9 cases); in 2 (5.0%), the first diagnosis was LSIL. and the second, HSIL (1-yr interval); in 2 (5.0%), the first was HSIL, and the second, invasive carcinoma (2-yr interval). These results point to the importance of cervical cytologic surveillance in HIV-seropositive patients.
Assuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/patologia , Soropositividade para HIV , Displasia do Colo do Útero/patologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/patologia , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/complicações , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/patologia , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/complicações , Carcinoma/classificação , Carcinoma/patologia , Carcinoma/virologia , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Invasividade Neoplásica , Papillomaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Papillomavirus/complicações , Infecções por Papillomavirus/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/complicações , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/patologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/classificação , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/virologia , Esfregaço Vaginal , Displasia do Colo do Útero/classificação , Displasia do Colo do Útero/virologiaRESUMO
The objective of the present investigation was to study the expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67 in cervical intraepithelial lesions in women with AIDS. We studied 18 low-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions (Lo-CIN) and 8 high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions (Hi-CIN ) in AIDS patients and 18 Lo-CIN and 14 Hi-CIN in patients from the general population. Positive Ki-67 nuclei were counted. A significantly higher number of Ki-67-positive cells (p < 0.001) was found in Lo-CIN of AIDS patients (mean 29.18 +/- 10.44) as compared with Lo-CIN of general-population women (mean 17.08 +/- 7.40), whereas no significant difference in positive Ki-67 nuclei was observed in the Hi-CIN of AIDS patients and of patients from the general population (p > 0.05). We conclude that the proliferative potential of cervical cells in Lo-CIN - as studied by the expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67 - is higher in AIDS patients than in the general population.
Assuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/complicações , Colo do Útero/química , Antígeno Ki-67/análise , Displasia do Colo do Útero/química , Adolescente , Adulto , Núcleo Celular/química , Colo do Útero/ultraestrutura , Células Epiteliais/química , Células Epiteliais/ultraestrutura , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Displasia do Colo do Útero/complicaçõesRESUMO
The chronic administration of S. occidentalis seeds was found to induce a mitochondrial myopathy in hens. This study was undertaken to determine if the chronic treatment with S. occidentalis seeds of rats (as a mammalian model) would induce a mitochondrial myopathy similar to those described in humans and to determine if the histological changes could be correlated with the amount of ingested seeds. Twenty-one days old rats were fed S. occidentalis seeds at different diet concentrations (1, 2, 3%). Rats fed 1% S. occidentalis seeds had only a few COX-negative muscle fibers in the pectoralis major muscle. Rats fed 3% Senna occidentalis seeds had a greater number of COX-negative fibers. Rats fed 2% had an intermediate number of COX-negative fibers. Activity of SDH and NADH-tr were decreased in rats of groups 2% and 3%. Our data indicate that a progressive mitochondrial metabolism impairment can be produced in rats fed S. occidentalis seeds and that this impairment can be correlated with the amount of ingested seeds.
Assuntos
Cassia/química , Catárticos/toxicidade , Mitocôndrias/fisiologia , Miopatias Mitocondriais/induzido quimicamente , Músculo Esquelético/efeitos dos fármacos , Plantas Medicinais , Extrato de Senna/toxicidade , Administração Oral , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Masculino , Mitocôndrias/efeitos dos fármacos , Miopatias Mitocondriais/fisiopatologia , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Ratos , SementesRESUMO
Synthetic pyrethroid insecticides have been used in the last two decades largely because of their high activity as an insecticide and low mammalian toxicity. Some studies have demonstrated that these products, especially compounds with an alpha-cyano group, are toxic to the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) in acute intoxications. However, morphological studies are scarce. In the present work the histopathologic changes of the sciatic and tibial nerves of rats submitted to acute intoxication with the cyanopyrethroid deltamethrin were studied. For 3 consecutive days male Wistar rats received by oral gavage deltamethrin at a dose of 45 mg/kg body wt. On the 4th day fragments of sciatic and tibial nerves were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and teasing of individual nerve fibers. In addition, another group of rats were allowed to recover until the 10th day. Teasing of nerves of animals sacrificed on the 4th day revealed myelin ovoids, which are indicative of axonal damage. TEM demonstrated rare degenerated axons completely filled with organelles, in particular mitochondria, and with electron-dense lamellar bodies that resemble myelin figures. In addition, great cytoplasmic vacuolization caused by proliferation and dilation of the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus was observed in some Schwann cells. No lesion was found 7 days after discontinuation of the treatment (group2). Since these histologic changes are transitory and scarce, the question arises: Are they related to the changes in NA(+), K(+)-ATPase activity or Na(+) channels caused by pyrethroid compounds?
Assuntos
Inseticidas/toxicidade , Piretrinas/toxicidade , Nervo Isquiático/patologia , Nervo Tibial/patologia , Animais , Masculino , Nitrilas , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/induzido quimicamente , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Nervo Isquiático/efeitos dos fármacos , Nervo Isquiático/ultraestrutura , Nervo Tibial/efeitos dos fármacos , Nervo Tibial/ultraestruturaRESUMO
Skeletal muscle can be the site of inflammatory diseases that lead to muscle weakness, pain, and increased myogenic serum enzymes. Most of these inflammatory myopathies are idiopathic. In some cases inflammatory myopathies are due to infectious agents. We describe the pathological aspects of muscle biopsies of 2 Brazilian siblings who acquired toxoplasmosis at the same time and in similar conditions. One developed a tetraplegia that was confirmed to be due to inflammatory myositis due to toxoplasma. The other developed myocarditis, with heart failure, without skeletal muscle weakness. In both cases many toxoplasma organisms were observed in the muscle biopsies, but in case 1 only was there an inflammatory myopathy with myofiber necrosis; the inflammatory cells were predominantly macrophages with some CD4+ cells and rare CD20+ cells. In case 1, expression of CD54 was observed in many inflammatory cells as well in endothelial cells, but only in endothelial cells in case 2. After treatment with clindamycin and corticosteroids both cases had only partial improvement, case 1 with a residual muscle weakness and case 2 with residual cardiac insufficiency (requiring digoxin). These cases show that the presence of the parasite in myofibers is not enough to induce an inflammatory myositis with muscle cell necrosis. This suggests that immunological disturbances may contribute to the development of inflammatory myositis due to toxoplasma.