RESUMO
The aim of this work was to evaluate the aromatic compounds Anethole and Carvone and its synergic anthelmintic interactions against sheep gastrointestinal nematode Haemonchus contortus multi resistant strain. Anthelmintic resistance has been a hindrance in animal production causing economic losses and consequence of the repetitive use of those ineffective chemicals it is usual to found contamination on meat, milk and environment. New sources of anthelmintic compounds have been investigated. Plant extracts and natural compounds have demonstrated themselves as promising candidates. Eggs were collected from feces of sheep infected with H.contortus. A hundred eggs were exposed to solutions of Anethole and Carvone and half and half Anethole and Carvone diluted in water and solvent Tween 80 in concentrations ranging from 2.08 mg/mL to 0.007mg/mL (decreasing three fold concentrations) with six replicates using a 24 well plate to perform tests. Eggs were incubated for 24 h at 27C and the count of eggs hatched was done using an inverted microscope. Data were analyzed by SAS Probit to estimate LC50 with independent variables (dose) transformed by natural logarithm (log dose). The LC50 (fiducial limits) in mg/mL of Anethole was 0.070 (0.068-0.076), Carvone was 0.085 (0.081-0.088) and the synergic interaction of Anethole+ Carvone was 0.013 (0.012-0.014), according to Table 1. Gas chromato
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMO
Improper use of chemicals for the Haemonchus contortus control resulted in the emergence of resistant strains. The combination of two or more bioactives, synthetic or natural, have superior effects when in comparison to single compounds, resulting in reduced doses and low toxicity of the user. In this study, Cinammaldehyde, Carvone, Carvacrol and Anethole essential oils were combined as follow: 1) Cinnamaldehyde (25%) + Carvone (50%) + Anethole (25%), 2) Cinnamaldehyde (50%) + Carvone (25%) + Carvacrol (25%) and 3) Cinnamaldehyde (25%) + Carvacrol (25%) + Anethole (25%) + Carvone (25%). Each formulation (12.48 ml) was solubilized with detergent Tween 80 (100 µl) and added 5887.52 ml of distilled water to make the main solution for in vitro hatchability test of H. contortus eggs. Decreasing concentrations of these formulations were tested (2.08 mg/ml; 1.04 mg/ml; 0.39 mg/ml; 0.15 mg/ml; 0.06 mg/ml; 0.02 mg/ml; and 0.007 mg/ml) in 100 eggs of H. contortus (6 replicates) in 48-well plate, and incubated for 24 hours at 27 C to evaluate their effectiveness. Data were analyzed with SAS Probit (SAS Inst., Inc., Cary, NC) estimating the LC50 and the independent variables (Table 1). It was concluded that the formulation 1 had the lowest LC50 of 0.020 mg/ml, suggesting better anthelmintic efficacy, followed by formulation 2, LC50 of 0.028 mg/ml and formulation 3 that showed worst effica
O artigo não possui resumo em português.
RESUMO
Areca catechu Linn belongs to Palm Arecaceaes family, popularly known as Betel palm, originated from tropical countries of Oceania and East Africa. Popularly known for its wide pharmacological activity, Areca catechu has also antibacterial, antihelmintic, antioxidant and detoxifying activity. In its composition is found carbohydrates, fibers, fats, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and minerals, and its nut is the main product with medicinal use. In this study, we tested the action of A. catechu L. on in vitro hatchability of eggs of sheep gastrointestinal nematode Haemonchus contortus. The seed was broken and dried at 37C, crushed in 2 mm size and its contents were extracted with a solution of acetone:water (70:30), filtered, rotoevaporated and freeze dried. For the main solution it was used 300 mg of plant extract, mixed at 2850 µl of distilled water and DMSO (150 µl), that was diluted in decreasing concentrations (50 mg/ml, 25 mg/mL, 12.5 mg/ml, 6.25 mg/ml, 3.12 mg/ml, 1.56 mg/ml and 0.78 mg/ml). A hundred eggs of H. contortus were added to different concentrations of A. catechu extract in 48-well plate, and incubated for 24 hours at 27C to evaluate their effectiveness. Data were analyzed with SAS Probit (SAS Inst., Inc., Cary, NC) estimating the LC50 and the independent variables (dose). The results showed that at doses of 7.45 mg/mL can inhibit 50% of the hatchability of eg
O artigo não possui resumo em português.
RESUMO
Areca catechu Linn belongs to Palm Arecaceaes family, popularly known as Betel palm, originated from tropical countries of Oceania and East Africa. Popularly known for its wide pharmacological activity, Areca catechu has also antibacterial, antihelmintic, antioxidant and detoxifying activity. In its composition is found carbohydrates, fibers, fats, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and minerals, and its nut is the main product with medicinal use. In this study, we tested the action of A. catechu L. on in vitro hatchability of eggs of sheep gastrointestinal nematode Haemonchus contortus. The seed was broken and dried at 37C, crushed in 2 mm size and its contents were extracted with a solution of acetone:water (70:30), filtered, rotoevaporated and freeze dried. For the main solution it was used 300 mg of plant extract, mixed at 2850 µl of distilled water and DMSO (150 µl), that was diluted in decreasing concentrations (50 mg/ml, 25 mg/mL, 12.5 mg/ml, 6.25 mg/ml, 3.12 mg/ml, 1.56 mg/ml and 0.78 mg/ml). A hundred eggs of H. contortus were added to different concentrations of A. catechu extract in 48-well plate, and incubated for 24 hours at 27C to evaluate their effectiveness. Data were analyzed with SAS Probit (SAS Inst., Inc., Cary, NC) estimating the LC50 and the independent variables (dose). The results showed that at doses of 7.45 mg/mL can inhibit 50% of the hatchability of eg
O artigo não possui resumo em português.
RESUMO
Improper use of chemicals for the Haemonchus contortus control resulted in the emergence of resistant strains. The combination of two or more bioactives, synthetic or natural, have superior effects when in comparison to single compounds, resulting in reduced doses and low toxicity of the user. In this study, Cinammaldehyde, Carvone, Carvacrol and Anethole essential oils were combined as follow: 1) Cinnamaldehyde (25%) + Carvone (50%) + Anethole (25%), 2) Cinnamaldehyde (50%) + Carvone (25%) + Carvacrol (25%) and 3) Cinnamaldehyde (25%) + Carvacrol (25%) + Anethole (25%) + Carvone (25%). Each formulation (12.48 ml) was solubilized with detergent Tween 80 (100 µl) and added 5887.52 ml of distilled water to make the main solution for in vitro hatchability test of H. contortus eggs. Decreasing concentrations of these formulations were tested (2.08 mg/ml; 1.04 mg/ml; 0.39 mg/ml; 0.15 mg/ml; 0.06 mg/ml; 0.02 mg/ml; and 0.007 mg/ml) in 100 eggs of H. contortus (6 replicates) in 48-well plate, and incubated for 24 hours at 27 C to evaluate their effectiveness. Data were analyzed with SAS Probit (SAS Inst., Inc., Cary, NC) estimating the LC50 and the independent variables (Table 1). It was concluded that the formulation 1 had the lowest LC50 of 0.020 mg/ml, suggesting better anthelmintic efficacy, followed by formulation 2, LC50 of 0.028 mg/ml and formulation 3 that showed worst effica
O artigo não possui resumo em português.
RESUMO
The aim of this work was to evaluate the aromatic compounds Anethole and Carvone and its synergic anthelmintic interactions against sheep gastrointestinal nematode Haemonchus contortus multi resistant strain. Anthelmintic resistance has been a hindrance in animal production causing economic losses and consequence of the repetitive use of those ineffective chemicals it is usual to found contamination on meat, milk and environment. New sources of anthelmintic compounds have been investigated. Plant extracts and natural compounds have demonstrated themselves as promising candidates. Eggs were collected from feces of sheep infected with H.contortus. A hundred eggs were exposed to solutions of Anethole and Carvone and half and half Anethole and Carvone diluted in water and solvent Tween 80 in concentrations ranging from 2.08 mg/mL to 0.007mg/mL (decreasing three fold concentrations) with six replicates using a 24 well plate to perform tests. Eggs were incubated for 24 h at 27C and the count of eggs hatched was done using an inverted microscope. Data were analyzed by SAS Probit to estimate LC50 with independent variables (dose) transformed by natural logarithm (log dose). The LC50 (fiducial limits) in mg/mL of Anethole was 0.070 (0.068-0.076), Carvone was 0.085 (0.081-0.088) and the synergic interaction of Anethole+ Carvone was 0.013 (0.012-0.014), according to Table 1. Gas chromato
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.