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1.
Minerva Pediatr (Torino) ; 75(6): 836-843, 2023 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33438850

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a condition that increases the risk of developing several health problems, resulting in high health care costs worldwide. Therefore, it is important to investigate several avenues for the control of this condition. This study aimed to identify a dermatoglyphical condition that distinguishes obesity individuals from those of appropriate weight. METHODS: The sample comprised 2172 children and teenagers between the ages of 10 and 19 years, female and male, from public and private schools of the municipality of Joaçaba, Santa Catarina, Brazil. RESULTS: In a comparison of qualitative variables, i.e., patterns, significant differences were observed between groups, including a higher frequency of ulnar loops (LU) on the index and middle fingers (MET2 and MET3) in the appropriate weight group. In the obesity group, a greater frequency of whorls (W) on fingers MET2 and MET3 was observed in males. In females, there were statistically significant correlations between the presence of radial loops (LR) on MET3 in the appropriate weight group and arches (A) in the obesity group. CONCLUSIONS: The study uncovered dermatoglyphical marks characteristic of obesity individuals.


Assuntos
Obesidade Infantil , Criança , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Obesidade Infantil/diagnóstico , Obesidade Infantil/epidemiologia , Dermatoglifia , Dedos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Instituições Acadêmicas
4.
Neurol Sci ; 43(7): 4493-4502, 2022 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35182274

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Congenital Muscular Dystrophy type 1D (MDC1D) is characterized by a hypoglycosylation of α-dystroglycan protein (α-DG), and this may be strongly implicated in increased skeletal muscle tissue degeneration and abnormal brain development, leading to cognitive impairment. However, the pathophysiology of brain involvement is still unclear. Low-intensity exercise training (LIET) is known to contribute to decreased muscle degeneration in animal models of other forms of progressive muscular dystrophies. AIM: The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of LIET on cognitive involvement and oxidative stress in brain tissue and gastrocnemius muscle. METHODS: Male homozygous (Largemyd-/-), heterozygous (Largemyd+/-), and wild-type mice were used. To complete 28 days of life, they were subjected to a low-intensity exercise training (LIET) for 8 weeks. After the last day of training, 24 h were expected when the animals were submitted to inhibitory avoidance and open-field test. The striatum, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, cortex, and gastrocnemius were collected for evaluation of protein carbonylation, lipid peroxidation, and catalase and superoxide dismutase activity. RESULTS: LIET was observed to reverse the alteration in aversive and habituation memory. Increased protein carbonylation in the striatum, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus and lipid peroxidation in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were also reversed by LIET. In the evaluation of the antioxidant activity, LIET increased catalase activity in the hippocampus and cortex. In the gastrocnemius, LIET decreased the protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation and increased catalase and superoxide dismutase activity. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, it can be inferred that LIET for 8 weeks was able to reverse the cognitive damage and oxidative stress in brain tissue and gastrocnemius muscle in MDC1D animals.


Assuntos
Encéfalo , Músculo Esquelético , Distrofias Musculares , Condicionamento Físico Animal , Animais , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Encéfalo/fisiopatologia , Catalase , Deficiência Intelectual , Masculino , Camundongos , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Músculo Esquelético/fisiopatologia , Distrofias Musculares/terapia , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Superóxido Dismutase/genética , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo
6.
Mol Neurobiol ; 58(10): 5067-5077, 2021 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34245442

RESUMO

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disease associated with progressive skeletal muscle degeneration. In humans, DMD has an early onset, causes developmental delays, and is a devastating disease that drastically diminishes the quality of life of young individuals affected. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a swimming protocol on memory and oxidative stress in an animal model of DMD. Male mdx and wild-type mice aged ≥ 28 days were used in this study. The animals were trained for a stepped swimming protocol for four consecutive weeks. The swimming protocol significantly reduced the levels of lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation in the gastrocnemius, hippocampus, and striatum in the exercised animals. It also prevented lipid peroxidation in the diaphragm. Moreover, it increased the free thiol levels in the gastrocnemius, the diaphragm, and all central nervous system structures. The results showed that the protocol that applied swimming as a low-intensity aerobic exercise for 4 weeks prevented aversive memory and habituation in mdx mice.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Memória/fisiologia , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/metabolismo , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/terapia , Condicionamento Físico Animal/fisiologia , Natação/fisiologia , Animais , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Masculino , Transtornos da Memória/genética , Transtornos da Memória/metabolismo , Transtornos da Memória/terapia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Endogâmicos mdx , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/psicologia , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Condicionamento Físico Animal/métodos , Condicionamento Físico Animal/psicologia , Natação/psicologia
7.
Acta Neuropsychiatr ; 32(6): 321-327, 2020 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32660670

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the involvement of nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in schizophrenia-like behaviour in young animals exposed to maternal immune activation (MIA). METHODS: To this aim, on the 15th gestational day, the females received an injection of lipopolysaccharides. When the animals completed 7, 14 and 45 postnatal days, they were killed and the whole brain was dissected for biochemical analysis. Animals with 45 postnatal days were submitted to behavioural tests of locomotor activity, social interaction and stereotyped movements. RESULTS: It was observed that the animals presented schizophrenia-like behaviour at 45 postnatal days associated with the increase of NLRP3 inflammasome expression and IL-1ß levels on 7, 14 and 45 postnatal days. CONCLUSION: This study shows that MIA may be associated with a schizophrenia-like behaviour. This behaviour can be induced to a neuroinflammatory profile in the brain. These evidences may base future studies on the relationship between neuroinflammation and psychiatric disorders.


Assuntos
Animais Recém-Nascidos/psicologia , Inflamassomos/metabolismo , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Proteína 3 que Contém Domínio de Pirina da Família NLR/metabolismo , Esquizofrenia/diagnóstico , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos/metabolismo , Escala de Avaliação Comportamental/normas , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Feminino , Idade Gestacional , Comportamento de Doença/fisiologia , Imunidade Ativa/efeitos dos fármacos , Inflamassomos/imunologia , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Lipopolissacarídeos/administração & dosagem , Lipopolissacarídeos/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Mães , Transtornos Neurocognitivos/imunologia , Esquizofrenia/sangue
8.
J Mol Neurosci ; 70(10): 1552-1564, 2020 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32507928

RESUMO

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a condition caused by an amendment to the X chromosome, inherited as a recessive trait, and affects 1:3500 live births, especially males. Low-intensity exercise is known to decrease certain parameters associated with muscular degeneration in animal models of progressive muscular dystrophies. In the present study, 28-day-old male mdx and wild-type (wild) mice were used. The animals were subjected to a low-intensity physical exercise protocol for 8 weeks. It was found that this protocol was able to reduce oxidative stress in muscle tissue and in most of the CNS structures analyzed, with a significant increase in antioxidant activity in all analyzed structures. It is thus possible to infer that this exercise protocol was able to reduce oxidative stress and improve the energy metabolism in brain tissue and in the gastrocnemius muscle of animals with DMD.


Assuntos
Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/terapia , Condicionamento Físico Animal/métodos , Animais , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Endogâmicos mdx , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Músculo Esquelético/fisiopatologia , Estresse Oxidativo
9.
J Drug Target ; 28(1): 46-54, 2020 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31046473

RESUMO

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive hereditary myopathy characterised by progressive muscle degeneration in male children. As a consequence of DMD, increased inflammation and oxidative stress occur in muscle tissue along with morphological changes. Several studies have reported anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of gold nanoparticles (GNP) in muscle injury models. The objective of this study was to evaluate these effects along with the impacts of the disease on histopathological changes following chronic administration of GNP to Mdx mice. Two-month-old Mdx mice were separated into five groups of eight individuals each, as follows: wild-type (WT), Mdx-modified without treatment, Mdx + 2.5 mg/kg GNP, Mdx + 7.0 mg/kg GNP and Mdx + 21 mg/kg GNP. GNP with a mean diameter of 20 nm were injected subcutaneously at concentrations of 2.5, 7.0 and 21 mg/kg. Treatments continued for 30 d with injections administered at 48-h intervals. Twenty-four hours after the last injection, the animals were killed and the central region of the gastrocnemius muscle was surgically removed. Chronic administration of GNP reduced inflammation in the gastrocnemius muscle of Mdx mice and reduced morphological alterations due to inflammatory responses to muscular dystrophy. In addition, GNP also demonstrated antioxidant potential by reducing the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, reducing oxidative damage and improving antioxidant activity.


Assuntos
Ouro/farmacologia , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Biomarcadores , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos mdx , Músculo Esquelético/efeitos dos fármacos , Músculo Esquelético/patologia , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/patologia , Espécies Reativas de Nitrogênio/metabolismo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo
10.
Curr Neurovasc Res ; 16(4): 358-364, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31589124

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown the relationship between neuroinflammation and depressive- like parameters. However, research still has not been carried out to evaluate neuroinflammation in the neonatal period and psychiatric disorders in adulthood. OBJECTIVE: To verify the association between neonatal immune activation and depressive-like parameters in adulthood using an animal model. METHODS: Two days old C57BL/6 animals were exposed to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or phosphate- buffered saline (PBS). When the animals were 46 days old, they received PBS or Imipramine at 14 days. At 60 days, the consumption of sucrose; immobility time; adrenal gland and the hippocampus weight; levels of plasma corticosterone and hippocampal Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were evaluated. RESULTS: It was observed that the animals exposed to LPS in the neonatal period and evaluated in adulthood decreased the consumption of sucrose and had reducted hippocampus weight. Also, the exposed animals presented an increase of immobility time, adrenal gland weight and plasma levels of corticosteroids. The use of imipramine did not only modify the decreased hippocampal weight. On the other hand, there were no alterations in the BDNF levels in the hippocampus with or without the use of imipramine. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that neonatal immune activation may be associated with depressive- like parameters in adulthood. It is believed that endotoxemia may trigger physiological and behavioral alterations, increasing vulnerability for the development of depression in adulthood.


Assuntos
Depressão/tratamento farmacológico , Hipocampo/imunologia , Imipramina/farmacologia , Tempo , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Corticosterona/farmacologia , Depressão/induzido quimicamente , Depressão/imunologia , Transtorno Depressivo/induzido quimicamente , Transtorno Depressivo/tratamento farmacológico , Transtorno Depressivo/imunologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Hipocampo/efeitos dos fármacos , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL
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