RESUMO

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2020/1467456.].

RESUMO

Orthodontic brackets release ions that can be reabsorbed in the oral mucosa, potentially causing complications, including cytotoxic effects and mutagenic alterations. The aim was to evaluate the genotoxicity induced by orthodontic appliance alloys in cultures of human gingival fibroblasts by comet assay. Eluates were obtained from the following brackets alloys: EconoLine (SS: stainless steel), MiniMirage (Ni-Ti: nickel-titanium), Nu-Edge (Co-Cr: cobalt-chromium), In-Vu (PC-polycrystals (PC) aluminum oxide), and Monocrystal IZE (monocrystalline (MC) aluminum oxide). Each bracket was sterilized and exposed to a corrosive process for 35 days. The obtained eluates were tested for genotoxicity of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFA) by the alkaline comet assay. All study groups showed genotoxic effects; there was a significant difference (p < 0.0001) among groups. The eluates obtained from Ni-Ti showed a 16-times greater genotoxic effect. There were differences in genotoxicity after comparing the Ni-Ti with SS (p < 0.01) and Co-Cr brackets (p < 0.001). The ceramic was more genotoxic than metallic brackets (SS and Co-Cr), but less than the Ni-Ti. This in vitro model will be useful for further study of early DNA damage caused by brackets and other biomaterials used in the oral cavity before their introduction into the clinical setting.

RESUMO

Introduction: vasoconstrictors are substances added to local anesthetics to lengthen their time of action, reduce their toxicity and enhance their local hemostatic effect. There is controversy about whether the use of vasoconstrictors in dental anesthetics has a negative effect on blood pressure and heart rate. Objective: determine the influence of vasoconstrictors added to dental anesthetics on blood pressure and heart rate. Methods: an experimental study was conducted with 120 patients divided in two groups of 60. These patients attended clinics in the Dental Academic Unit of the Autonomous University of Guerrero from July to December 2015. Group A was given just 3 percent mepivacaine, whereas Group B was given mepivacaine with epinephrine at a concentration of 1:100 000. Measurements were taken of the patients' heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure at two moments: at baseline before infiltration and 5 minutes after infiltration. Statistical analysis was based on Student's t-test for independent samples. Results: heart rate and systolic blood pressure did not yield any statistically significant value. Diastolic blood pressure was the only hemodynamic parameter showing a statistically significant difference (t= 2.3; p= 0.02). Conclusions: the results obtained coincide with those reported by similar studies. At the doses recommended, epinephrine is safe for healthy patients as well as for those with controlled cardiovascular conditions(AU)

Introducción: los vasoconstrictores son substancias que han sido añadidas a los anestésicos locales con la finalidad de aumentar su tiempo de acción, disminuir su toxicidad y aprovechar su efecto hemostático local. Existe controversia sobre si el uso de vasoconstrictores en los anestésicos dentales produce efectos negativos en la tensión arterial y la frecuencia cardiaca. Objetivo: determinar la influencia de los vasoconstrictores añadidos a la anestesia dental en la frecuencia cardiaca y la tensión arterial. Métodos: se realizó un estudio experimental en 120 pacientes divididos en dos grupos de 60, que acudieron a las clínicas de la Unidad Académica de Odontología de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero en el periodo julio-diciembre de 2015. Al grupo A se le administró mepivacaína simple al 3 por ciento, y al grupo B se le administró mepivacaína con epinefrina a una concentración de 1:100 000. Se realizaron tomas de frecuencia cardiaca, tensión arterial sistólica y tensión arterial diastólica en dos momentos. Se realizó una toma basal de frecuencia cardiaca, tensión arterial sistólica y diastólica antes de la infiltración, y una segunda toma 5 min posteriores a la infiltración. Se realizó la prueba estadística t de Student para grupos independientes. Resultados: la frecuencia cardiaca y la tensión arterial sistólica no obtuvieron significancia estadística. El único parámetro hemodinámico que tuvo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa fue la tensión arterial diastólica (t= 2,3; p= 0,02). Conclusiones : los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación, coinciden con los reportados en otros estudios similares. La epinefrina puede ser utilizada de manera segura a las dosis recomendadas tanto en pacientes sin enfermedad cardiovascular, como en pacientes con compromiso cardiovascular en control(AU)

Assuntos