RESUMO
Polymorphisms in the CAMP gene (cathelicidin) have not been tested in tuberculosis susceptibility. We tested polymorphisms rs9844812 (HIF-1α::ARNT binding site) and rs56122065 (CAMP) plus rs1800972 (DEFB1). SNP rs1800972 was associated with extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in a codominant model (genotype CG, P = 0.037, OR 4.82; 95% CI: 0.92-47.42; statistical power, 82%), but not PTB (P = 0.101) in a Mexican population.
Assuntos
Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Tuberculose/genética , Regiões 5' não Traduzidas , Alelos , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos/química , Translocador Nuclear Receptor Aril Hidrocarboneto/genética , Translocador Nuclear Receptor Aril Hidrocarboneto/metabolismo , Sequência de Bases , Sítios de Ligação , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Éxons , Frequência do Gene , Genótipo , Humanos , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/metabolismo , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Motivos de Nucleotídeos , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Matrizes de Pontuação de Posição Específica , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Ligação Proteica , Tuberculose/metabolismo , Tuberculose Pulmonar/genética , Tuberculose Pulmonar/metabolismo , beta-Defensinas/genética , CatelicidinasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of nosocomial infections, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs). The aim of this study was to characterize P. aeruginosa clinical isolates by comparing antimicrobial susceptibility patterns with the presence of plasmids and to establish the clonal relatedness by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing. METHODS: The patients included those with isolation of P. aeruginosa hospitalized for more than 48 h in the ICU from April to May 1998. Environmental and staff cultures were obtained simultaneously. Minimal inhibitory concentrations, plasmid DNA profiles, and PFGE genomic patterns of enzyme restriction chromosomal DNA were compared. RESULTS: Sixty P. aeruginosa isolates were obtained from 197 clinical specimens, 178 environmental samples, and 47 hand cultures of personnel. Antimicrobial resistance was as follows: tobramycin 100%; ticarcillin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and gentamicin 80%; cefepime 60%; amikacin, ticarcillin/clavulanate, imipenem, and meropenem 40%; piperacillin and norfloxacin 20%; carbenicillin 12%, and ciprofloxacin 0%. Plasmids were detected in 11 isolates (18%). PFGE typing showed that 23 isolates belonged to a common clone (pattern A), identified from five patients, two nurses, and 10 environmental samples. Ten isolates were grouped in four clusters and 27 isolates had unrelated genomic patterns. There was no relationship among DNA genomic patterns, plasmid profiles, and susceptibility patterns. CONCLUSIONS: PFGE demonstrated the existence of a common clone in a critical care area. Reinforcement of infection control measures is needed to avoid horizontal transmission and severe infections.