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OBJECTIVES: Identifying voice handicap and voice-related quality of life in patients presenting pulmonary impairment associated with COVID-19 infection, comparing pulmonary parameters between these patients and individuals in the control group, as well as correlating pulmonary parameters to self-assessment questionnaires (IDV-10 and QVV). METHODS: Thirty-five (35) patients presenting pulmonary impairment with COVID-19 infection were herein selected and compared to 35 individuals who were not affected by COVID-19 infection. Two self-assessment questionnaires were applied (vocal handicap index and voice quality of life protocol). Maximum phonation time Forced Expiratory Pressure (PEF) and Forced Inspiratory Pressure (PIF) were measured and videolaryngoscopy was performed. RESULTS: There was statistically significant difference in scores recorded in voice self-assessment questionnaires (IDV-10 and QVV), Expiratory Pressure (PEF) and Forced Inspiratory Pressure (PIF) between patients with pulmonary impairment associated with COVID-19 infection and those in the control group. Correlation between PEF/PIF and scores recorded in voice self-assessment questionnaires was also observed. CONCLUSION: Pulmonary impairment associated with COVID-19 infection has worsened voice handicap and voice-related quality of life in the assessed patients, as well as reduced their forced expiratory and inspiratory pressure in comparison to the control group.
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COVID-19 , Qualidade de Vida , Distúrbios da Voz , Qualidade da Voz , Humanos , COVID-19/complicações , COVID-19/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Distúrbios da Voz/etiologia , Distúrbios da Voz/fisiopatologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Adulto , SARS-CoV-2 , Idoso , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral/complicações , Pneumonia Viral/psicologia , Pneumonia Viral/fisiopatologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/complicações , Infecções por Coronavirus/fisiopatologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/psicologiaRESUMO
(1) Background: Performance after Cochlear Implantation (CI) can vary depending on numerous factors. This study aims to investigate how meningitis or otosclerosis can influence CI performance. (2) Methods: Retrospective analysis of CI performance in patients with etiological diagnosis of meningitis or otosclerosis, comparing the etiologies and analyzing the image findings, along with electrode array insertion status and technique. (3) Results: Speech recognition in CI patients with otosclerosis improves faster than in patients with meningitis. Other features such as radiological findings, degree of cochlear ossification, surgical technique used and total or partial insertion of electrodes do not seem to be directly related to speech recognition test performance. (4) Conclusions: Patients should be warned that their postoperative results have a strong correlation with the disease that caused their hearing loss and that, in cases of meningitis, a longer duration of speech-language training may be necessary to reach satisfactory results.
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BACKGROUND: Auditory neuropathy (AN) is a nosological entity of unknown etiology, which is associated with fluctuations in rates of speech discrimination. Its diagnosis is based on presence of otoacoustic emissions and lack of, or abnormal, brainstem auditory evoked potential. With respect to treatment, we have variable results in the literature about development of speech perception and skills, in children with AN and cochlear implant (CI) rehabilitation. OBJECTIVES: Comparatively assessing results recorded for the development of auditory and speech skills in children with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD), who were subjected to cochlear implantation, in comparison to results recorded for children with sensorineural hearing loss associated with other causes was the objective of this study. METHOD: A systematic literature review with meta-analysis was performed, with studies published from 1975 to 2023. RESULTS: Nineteen studies were included in the systematic review, and eight were selected for the meta-analysis, which showed there was no evidence allowing the conclusion that the two groups were different from each other about results in speech performance after 1 year of CI placement. CONCLUSION: Therefore, this study shows that CI provides the comparable benefit to children with ANSD in comparison to children with neurosensory hearing loss associated with other causes in their speech development.
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Abstract Introduction Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is the most common motor neuron disease in adults despite it being rare. It is a neurodegenerative disease in which dysphagia is a common and debilitating symptom. Dysphagia can be assessed by complementary exams, such as fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing and the tongue strength test, as this is one of the main muscles involved in swallowing. Objective To compare the results of tongue strength and endurance measured by the Iowa oral performance instrument with the findings of the fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing examination in patients affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Methods Cross-sectional study, carried out in a tertiary hospital specialized in treatment and rehabilitation. Twenty-five patients diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis underwent dysphagia questionnaires, fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing examination and tongue strength and resistance test with the Iowa oral performance instrument to assess the presence of dysphagia. Results Forty-eight percent of the sample had dysphagia at the fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing and 76% had an altered tongue strength test. Ninety percent of patients with dysphagia had an average tongue pressure lower than 34.2 KPa. The tongue strength test showed sensitivity of 91.67% and specificity of 38.46% and accuracy of 64%. There was a statistically significant relationship between tongue strength and dysphagia and between tongue resistance and dysphagia. Conclusion Tongue strength tests, such as the Iowa oral performance instrument, proved to be effective in assessing dysphagia. This result should encourage further research to facilitate the early diagnosis of dysphagia.
Resumo Introdução A esclerose lateral amiotrófica é a doença do neurônio motor mais comum nos adultos, a despeito da baixa incidência e da raridade. É uma doença neurodegenerativa na qual a disfagia é um sintoma comum e debilitante. A disfagia pode ser avaliada por exames complementares como a videoendoscopia da deglutição e testes de força de língua, uma vez que se trata de um dos principais músculos envolvidos na deglutição. Objetivo Comparar os resultados da força e resistência da língua aferidos pelo Iowa Oral Performance Instrument com os achados do exame à videoendoscopia da deglutição, em pacientes acometidos por esclerose lateral amiotrófica. Método Estudo transversal, feito em um hospital terciário especializado em tratamento e reabilitação. Vinte e cinco pacientes com diagnóstico de esclerose lateral amiotrófica foram submetidos a questionários de disfagia, exame de videoendoscopia da deglutição e teste de força e resistência de língua com o Iowa Oral Performance Instrument para avaliar a presença de disfagia. Resultado Quarenta e oito por cento da amostra apresentavam disfagia à videoendoscopia da deglutição e 76% apresentavam teste de força de língua alterado. Noventa por cento dos pacientes com disfagia apresentaram pressão de língua média inferior a 34,2 KPa. O teste de força de língua apresentou sensibilidade de 91,67% e especificidade de 38,46% e acurácia de 64%. Houve relação estatisticamente significante entre força da língua e disfagia e entre resistência da língua e disfagia. Conclusão Testes de força de língua, como o Iowa Oral Performance Instrument, mostrou‐se eficaz para avaliar disfagia, mostrou sua associação com a força e resistência da língua. Esse resultado deve fomentar a feitura de novas pesquisas para facilitar o diagnóstico precoce da disfagia.
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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is rare and affect mainly men between the fourth and sixth decades of life. The clinic is characterized to be nonspecific and the main complaints or findings related to this disease are: cervical mass, aural dysfunction, and headache. The basis of treatment is radiotherapy that involves a wide field of irradiation of normal tissues, which usually generates sequelae with direct implications for quality of life. We report a case of a nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy that evolved, after 8 years, into supraglottic stenosis. We emphasize the relevance of clinical follow-up after radiotherapy, particularly due to the late sequelae and the relevance of using radiotherapy devices with a more focal cancer field, in order to minimize complications.
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Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas , Qualidade de Vida , Constrição Patológica/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo/complicações , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo/radioterapia , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/patologia , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/radioterapiaRESUMO
Abstract Introduction Palatine and pharyngeal tonsils are the first line of defense against pathogens. Clinically, two alterations may require surgical removal of the tonsils: hypertrophy and recurrent tonsillitis. The two conditions probably result from a dysfunction of the immune system. Objective To evaluate possible differences in the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in patients submitted to adenotonsillectomy. Methods Prospective, longitudinal study with 25 children undergoing adenotonsillectomy separated into 3 different groups: recurrent tonsillitis (RT), composed of 7 patients; recurrent hypertrophy tonsillitis (RTTH), with 8 patients; and the tonsillar hypertrophy (TH) group, with 10 patients. Ten healthy control children (SD) were also included in the study. Peripheral blood was collected, and plasma was separated to measure the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10. The Mann-Whitney test was used for statistical analysis. Results The plasma level of IL-6 was higher in the RT (p= 0.0394) and TH (p= 0.0009) groups, compared with the control group. The TH group also had higher levels of IL-6 than the RT group (p= 0.039). The IL-6/IL-10 ratio was higher in the RT (p= 0.029) and TH (p= 0.0005) groups compared with the control group. Between the RT and RTTH groups, the IL-6/IL-10 ratio was higher in the RT group, with a statistically significant difference (p= 0.0091). Conclusion Patients with a history of chronic tonsillitis had higher levels of IL-6, compared with the control group.
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Introduction Palatine and pharyngeal tonsils are the first line of defense against pathogens. Clinically, two alterations may require surgical removal of the tonsils: hypertrophy and recurrent tonsillitis. The two conditions probably result from a dysfunction of the immune system. Objective To evaluate possible differences in the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in patients submitted to adenotonsillectomy. Methods Prospective, longitudinal study with 25 children undergoing adenotonsillectomy separated into 3 different groups: recurrent tonsillitis (RT), composed of 7 patients; recurrent hypertrophy tonsillitis (RTTH), with 8 patients; and the tonsillar hypertrophy (TH) group, with 10 patients. Ten healthy control children (SD) were also included in the study. Peripheral blood was collected, and plasma was separated to measure the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10. The Mann-Whitney test was used for statistical analysis. Results The plasma level of IL-6 was higher in the RT ( p = 0.0394) and TH ( p = 0.0009) groups, compared with the control group. The TH group also had higher levels of IL-6 than the RT group ( p = 0.039). The IL-6/IL-10 ratio was higher in the RT ( p = 0.029) and TH ( p = 0.0005) groups compared with the control group. Between the RT and RTTH groups, the IL-6/IL-10 ratio was higher in the RT group, with a statistically significant difference ( p = 0.0091). Conclusion Patients with a history of chronic tonsillitis had higher levels of IL-6, compared with the control group.
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INTRODUCTION: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is the most common motor neuron disease in adults despite it being rare. It is a neurodegenerative disease in which dysphagia is a common and debilitating symptom. Dysphagia can be assessed by complementary exams, such as fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing and the tongue strength test, as this is one of the main muscles involved in swallowing. OBJECTIVE: To compare the results of tongue strength and endurance measured by the Iowa oral performance instrument with the findings of the fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing examination in patients affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, carried out in a tertiary hospital specialized in treatment and rehabilitation. Twenty-five patients diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis underwent dysphagia questionnaires, fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing examination and tongue strength and resistance test with the Iowa oral performance instrument to assess the presence of dysphagia. RESULTS: Forty-eight percent of the sample had dysphagia at the fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing and 76% had an altered tongue strength test. Ninety percent of patients with dysphagia had an average tongue pressure lower than 34.2KPa. The tongue strength test showed sensitivity of 91.67% and specificity of 38.46% and accuracy of 64%. There was a statistically significant relationship between tongue strength and dysphagia and between tongue resistance and dysphagia. CONCLUSION: Tongue strength tests, such as the Iowa oral performance instrument, proved to be effective in assessing dysphagia. This result should encourage further research to facilitate the early diagnosis of dysphagia.