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The present study was executed to evaluate the effect of lighting programs for meat quails on their bone growth and development. A total of 1500 sexed European quails (Coturnix coturnix coturnix) were distributed using a completely randomized design in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, with two sexes and three lighting programs (natural, intermittent, and continuous) with five replicates of 50 quails. The lighting programs were applied in the period from 7 to 49 d of age. Weekly slaughterings were performed to remove the tibiotarsus and femur and subsequently determine weight, length, dry and mineral matter content. The growth and deposition curves of dry and mineral matter in the bones were obtained using the Gompertz model. There was no significant interaction between lighting programs and sex for the estimates of the Gompertz curve parameters of all variables studied. There was an effect of the lighting programs only on the time needed to reach the maximum deposition rate of the growth curve and dry and mineral matter deposition. Females showed higher weight and deposition of mineral matter at maturity, and took longer to reach the maximum deposition rate value for these variables. There was influence of the lighting programs on resistance and bone deformity of the tibiotarsus. For quails raised in the tropical region, a natural or intermittent lighting program must be used, as it does not compromise the development of bones and assures bone quality.(AU)

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Chagas disease is a major health concern in Latin America. Ventricular arrhythmia (VA) is a hallmark of Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCM), associated with worse prognosis. The present study aimed to verify the association between myocardial mechanical dispersion (MD) and ventricular arrhythmogenicity in CCM. In a cross-sectional study, 77 patients (55.8 ± 10.4 years) with CCM were evaluated. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) and MD were assessed by echocardiography, derived from the speckle tracking technique. Myocardial MD was measured from the onset of the Q/R wave on electrocardiogram to the peak longitudinal strain in 16 segments of the left ventricle. Frequency and complexity of ventricular extrasystoles (VES) were assessed by dynamic electrocardiography. The density and complexity of VES and the presence of non-sustained ventricular tachycardias (NSVTs) increase as MD increases. In logistic regression, MD was the only variable associated with the presence of paired VES and ventricular bigeminy. In addition, both MD and GLS were associated with the presence of NSVT (both, p < 0.01), and MD was independently associated with NSVT (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.004-1.201, p = 0.031). In CCM, MD is associated with a higher density and complexity of VES, including NSVT.

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Objectives: To evaluate the association of physical and functional measures with sarcopenia in moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to establish cutoff points for sarcopenia screening.Methods: The study included COPD with and without sarcopenia, of both sexes who were over 50 years old. Participants were assessed for lung function, body composition, grip strength, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), 5-repetition, 10-repetition and 30-s sit-to-stand tests (5STS, 10STS, and 30STS, respectively). In addition, 6-min walking test, respiratory muscular strength, and physical activity level were tested.Results: The study had 35 participants, 24 men (68.6%) and moderate COPD (51.4%). COPD-sarcopenia showed lower values in lean mass, body fat and body mass alongside lower performance in 10 and 30 STS tests, SPPB and gait speed compared to non-sarcopenic group. The cutoff points with better sensitivity and specificity to identify sarcopenia were 10.88 and 34.14 s, 15 repetitions, and 10 points in the 5STS, 10STS, 30STS, and SPPB, respectively. The comparison of the receiver operating curves evidenced no differences between the functional tests. Only 30STS and SPPB showed acceptable discriminatory power.Conclusion: Functional tests, especially 30STS and SPPB, are simple and affordable tools for screening sarcopenia in COPD with moderate obstruction.

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This paper discusses the challenges involved in adopting an integrated approach to urban water policies and management, a particularly problematic issue in Brazil due to the incomplete nature of urbanization, defined as the lack of adequate and/or universalized access to infrastructure and services, informal housing and conflicts between environmental protection and social housing needs. In the last two decades strong social movements have influenced urban environmental policies from national to local levels. In Belo Horizonte since 1993, decision-making processes have involved important mechanisms of democratic inclusion, which have contributed to fairer urban policies. A brief discussion of the concept of governance follows, introducing the municipal urban policy within which drainage and sanitation policies have been implemented. This paper presents the constitutional and institutional role of the five municipal committees dealing with water governance issues, as they are important arenas for civil society participation. The main constraints to achieving integrated urban water governance at the local level and the extent to which such policies are able to reduce social inequalities and promote social environmental justice in the use and appropriation of urban water, are discussed. This paper is part of the SWITCH-Sustainable Water Management Improves Tomorrow's Cities' Health-research network.

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