RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the applicability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a method for monitoring the activity of otospongiotic lesions before and after clinical treatment. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind study. SETTING: One single tertiary care institution in a large, cosmopolitan city. METHODS: Twenty-six patients (n = 42 ears) with clinical, audiometric, and tomographic diagnosis of otosclerosis were enrolled. If computed tomography (CT) demonstrated active lesions, these patients underwent MRI to detect otospongiotic foci, seen as areas of gadolinium enhancement. Patients were divided into 3 groups and received treatment with placebo, sodium alendronate, or sodium fluoride for 6 months. After this period, clinical and audiometric evaluations and a second MRI were performed. Each MRI was evaluated by both a neuroradiologist and an otolaryngologist in a subjective (visual) and objective (using specific eFilm Workstation software) manner. RESULTS: Otospongiosis was most predominantly identified in the region anterior to the oval window, and this site was reliable for comparing pre- and posttreatment scans. The patients in the alendronate and sodium fluoride groups had MRI findings that suggested a decrease in activity of otospongiotic lesions, more relevant in the alendronate group. These findings were statistically significant for both subjective and objective MRI evaluations. CONCLUSIONS: MRI shows higher sensitivity than clinical or audiometric assessment for detecting reduction in activity of otospongiosis. The objective MRI evaluation based on software analysis was the most accurate method of monitoring clinical treatment response in otospongiosis.
Assuntos
Alendronato/administração & dosagem , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Fluoreto de Sódio/administração & dosagem , Adulto , Idoso , Audiometria/métodos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Método Duplo-Cego , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Projetos Piloto , Estudos Prospectivos , Valores de Referência , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The classical surgical technique for the resection of vestibular schwannomas (VS) has emphasized the microsurgical anatomy of cranial nerves. We believe that the focus on preservation of the arachnoid membrane may serve as a safe guide for tumor removal. Method The extracisternal approach is described in detail. We reviewed charts from 120 patients treated with this technique between 2006 and 2012. Surgical results were evaluated based on the extension of resection, tumor relapse, and facial nerve function. Results Overall gross total resection was achieved in 81% of the patients. The overall postoperative facial nerve function House-Brackmann grades I-II at one year was 93%. There was no recurrence in 4.2 years mean follow up. Conclusion The extracisternal technique differs from other surgical descriptions on the treatment of VS by not requiring the identification of the facial nerve, as long as we preserve the arachnoid envelope in the total circumference of the tumor.
Assuntos
Aracnoide-Máter/cirurgia , Nervo Facial , Microcirurgia/métodos , Neuroma Acústico/cirurgia , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/métodos , Tratamentos com Preservação do Órgão/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Traumatismos do Nervo Facial/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neuroma Acústico/patologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Período Pós-Operatório , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espaço Subaracnóideo/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Carga Tumoral , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The classical surgical technique for the resection of vestibular schwannomas (VS) has emphasized the microsurgical anatomy of cranial nerves. We believe that the focus on preservation of the arachnoid membrane may serve as a safe guide for tumor removal. Method The extracisternal approach is described in detail. We reviewed charts from 120 patients treated with this technique between 2006 and 2012. Surgical results were evaluated based on the extension of resection, tumor relapse, and facial nerve function. Results Overall gross total resection was achieved in 81% of the patients. The overall postoperative facial nerve function House-Brackmann grades I-II at one year was 93%. There was no recurrence in 4.2 years mean follow up. Conclusion The extracisternal technique differs from other surgical descriptions on the treatment of VS by not requiring the identification of the facial nerve, as long as we preserve the arachnoid envelope in the total circumference of the tumor. .
A técnica cirúrgica clássica para ressecção de schwannomas vestibulares enfatiza a anatomia microcirúrgica dos nervos cranianos. Acreditamos que o foco na preservação da membrana aracnóide pode servir como parâmetro seguro para a remoção do tumor. Método A abordagem extracisternal é descrita em detalhe. Analisamos o prontuário de 120 pacientes tratados com esta técnica entre 2006 e 2012. Os resultados cirúrgicos foram baseados em extensão de ressecção, recorrência tumoral e função do nervo facial. Resultados Ressecção total foi obtida em 81% dos pacientes. O resultado global da função do nervo facial (House-Brackmann graus I-II) após um ano da cirurgia foi de 93%. Não houve recidiva em um seguimento médio de 4,2 anos. Conclusão A técnica extracisternal difere de outras descrições cirúrgicas no tratamento de schwannoma vestibular pois não requer a identificação do nervo facial, contanto que o plano de aracnóide seja preservado em toda circunferência do tumor. .
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Aracnoide-Máter/cirurgia , Nervo Facial , Microcirurgia/métodos , Neuroma Acústico/cirurgia , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/métodos , Tratamentos com Preservação do Órgão/métodos , Traumatismos do Nervo Facial/prevenção & controle , Neuroma Acústico/patologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Período Pós-Operatório , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espaço Subaracnóideo/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Carga TumoralRESUMO
CONCLUSION: We conclude that facial nerve injury induced by compression is associated with a reasonable time window (4 weeks) that allows possible neurotrophic effects to be analyzed. Additionally, there are no hints of cross-innervation by the contralateral facial nerve or parallel innervation by other nerves in the hemiface ipsilateral to the injured nerve. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to develop an experimental model of facial nerve injury in nonhuman primates (Callithrix sp.). METHODS: In this study, individuals of the non-human primate species Callithrix sp. were subjected to three different types of facial nerve injury, and they were observed for 27 days after surgery by video to record their facial movements. RESULTS: Two types of nerve compression caused severe initial facial paralysis followed by gradual recovery until normal levels were reached at the end of the evaluation period. Injury induced by nerve resection was followed by a complete lack of facial movement recovery.
Assuntos
Callithrix , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Traumatismos do Nervo Facial , Paralisia Facial , Animais , Feminino , MasculinoRESUMO
UNLABELLED: Tinnitus is a common symptom, defined as a sound perception in absence of a sound stimulus. AIM: Evaluate if Trazodone, an antidepressant drug, which modulates serotonin at central neuronal pathways, is effective in controlling tinnitus. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study performed with patients presenting tinnitus. 85 patients were analyzed between February and June of 2005. 43 received trazodone and 42 placebo, for 60 days. The clinical criteria of analysis were tinnitus intensity, discomfort and life quality impact by tinnitus, using an analogue scale varying between 0 and 10, scored by patients before and after drug or placebo use. RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in intensity, discomfort and life quality in both groups after treatment; however, there was no significant difference between the drug and placebo groups. Patients with age equal or over 60 years presented better results after treatment. CONCLUSION: Trazodone was not efficient in controlling tinnitus in the patients evaluated under the doses utilized.
Assuntos
Inibidores Seletivos de Recaptação de Serotonina/uso terapêutico , Zumbido/tratamento farmacológico , Trazodona/uso terapêutico , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Qualidade de Vida , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
O zumbido é um sintoma freqüente, definido como percepção sonora auditiva na ausência de estímulo sonoro. OBJETIVO: Avaliar se a Trazodona, antidepressivo modulador da serotonina nas vias neuronais centrais, atua positivamente no controle do zumbido. Forma de Estudo: Prospectivo, duplo-cego, randomizado, controlado com placebo. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: estudo realizado com pacientes com zumbido. Oitenta e cinco pacientes foram avaliados entre fevereiro e junho de 2005, sendo que 43 pacientes receberam droga e 42, placebo, pelo período de 60 dias. Os critérios de análise foram intensidade, efeito sobre a qualidade de vida e grau de incômodo devido ao zumbido, através de escala analógica com notas de 0 a 10 dadas pelos pacientes antes e após o uso da trazodona ou placebo. RESULTADOS: Em ambos os grupos houve melhora da intensidade, qualidade de vida e incômodo após o tratamento, porém não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos droga e placebo. Quando se avaliou os critérios clínicos na faixa etária maior ou igual a 60 anos, obteve-se melhora nos níveis de intensidade, incômodo e efeito sobre a qualidade de vida após o tratamento. CONCLUSÃO: A trazodona não foi eficiente no controle do zumbido dos pacientes avaliados na dose utilizada.
Tinnitus is a common symptom, defined as a sound perception in absence of a sound stimulus. AIM: Evaluate if Trazodone, an antidepressant drug, which modulates serotonin at central neuronal pathways, is effective in controlling tinnitus. STUDY DESIGN : Prospective, double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled. Materials and Methods: Study performed with patients presenting tinnitus. 85 patients were analyzed between February and June of 2005. 43 received trazodone and 42 placebo, for 60 days. The clinical criteria of analysis were tinnitus intensity, discomfort and life quality impact by tinnitus, using an analogue scale varying between 0 and 10, scored by patients before and after drug or placebo use. RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in intensity, discomfort and life quality in both groups after treatment; however, there was no significant difference between the drug and placebo groups. Patients with age equal or over 60 years presented better results after treatment. CONCLUSION: Trazodone was not efficient in controlling tinnitus in the patients evaluated under the doses utilized.