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The acute toxicity and hypokinetic activity induced by menthofuran on the gastrointestinal tract of rodents were investigated in the present study. An absence of acute toxicity was observed. Menthofuran delayed gastric emptying at oral doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg in the experimental model of phenol red, as well as it reduced the intestinal transit at oral doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg. Interestingly, a scopolamine-similar hypokinetic effect was observed for menthofuran. In the experimental model of castor oil-induced intestinal hypermotility, menthofuran (50 and 100 mg/kg) reduced the number of loose stools as observed for the normal group. Additionally, menthofuran induced a marked concentration-dependent relaxation in rat ileum segments precontracted with KCl (EC50 = 0.059 ± 0.008 µg/mL) or carbachol (EC50 = 0.068 ± 0.007 µg/mL). These results suggest the possible decrease of calcium influx underlying the effects of menthofuran on the gastrointestinal tract, which opens the door for further study regarding this potential application for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, noting possible limitations of its use due to adverse effects in children.
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INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have reported that buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L. f.) is a typical fruit from the Brazilian cerrado ecosystem and an important food source for low-income populations. Its composition is rich in carotenoid polyphenols, monounsaturated fatty acids, and ascorbic acid. However, studies on the biological effects resulting from the consumption of this fruit are scarce. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a diet supplemented with buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L. f.) on kidney and liver functions in growing rats. METHODS: Determination of centesimal composition, carotenoids, and fatty acids content for buriti pulp, standard chow, and butiti-supplemented chow were performed. Then, Wistar rats of both sexes were fed a standard diet or supplemented with buriti pulp. Blood samples were collected at the end of the experiment to determine biochemical parameters. The unpaired t-test was applied, and differences were considered significant when p<0.05. RESULTS: A diet enriched with buriti pulp did not interfere with kidney function and most markers of liver function in animals. Alkaline phosphatase showed significantly higher plasma concentration in female rats, and albumin and uric acid showed lower concentrations in male rats in both experimental groups. CONCLUSION: The changes observed in biochemical markers did not provide evidence of adverse effects of buriti pulp supplementation on liver function. Thus, the intake of buriti pulp can be encouraged as it is a low-cost food source for the general population.
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Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Ratos , Roedores , Dieta , Frutas/metabolismo , Rim , Fígado , BrasilRESUMO
Ethyl ferulate, a phenylpropanoid derived from rice hulls has aroused interest because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. However, it has low solubility in water which compromises the absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, decreases the bioavailability and compromises the reproducibility of the effects in vivo. To increase the solubility of ethyl ferulate, inclusion complexes were obtained by physical mixing, malaxing, lyophilization and spray drying and characterized using thermal analysis, XRD and FTIR. The complexes obtained were evaluated for ethyl ferulate content, stability, dissolution profile and evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity in vivo through carrageenan-induced paw edema model in rats. The inclusion complexes obtained resulted in increased solubility and stability compared to the isolated ethyl ferulate. In addition, the complexes obtained by malaxage, lyophilization and spray drying showed greater inhibition of the edema formation induced by carrageenan compared to ethyl ferulate 100 mg/kg v.o. The inclusion of ethyl ferulate in B-cyclodextrin resulted in the formation of stable inclusion complexes with potent antidematogenic activity possibly attributed to the increased solubility, dissolution profile of the active.
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Ácidos Cafeicos/administração & dosagem , Edema/tratamento farmacológico , beta-Ciclodextrinas/química , Animais , Disponibilidade Biológica , Ácidos Cafeicos/química , Ácidos Cafeicos/farmacocinética , Carragenina/efeitos adversos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Estabilidade de Medicamentos , Edema/induzido quimicamente , Ratos , Solubilidade , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Determinar prevalência de fraturas de platô tibial em pacientes internos em um Hospital Público do Piauí. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram analisados 50 prontuários com Fraturas de Platô Tibial de Janeiro de 2017 a Janeiro de 2018. O instrumento de análise foi um questionário composto por informações relevantes, como: sexo, idade, raça, mecanismo de lesão, tipos de fratura e lado, para a coleta dos dados. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se a estatística descritiva com cálculos de médias, desvio padrão e frequências absoluta e relativa. RESULTADOS: A maior incidência das fraturas foi no sexo masculino (72%). A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 38 ± 13,86 anos, vítimas principalmente de acidentes automobilísticos (66%), sendo o lado mais acometido o direito (70%) com a incidência maior de fratura oblíqua (48%). CONCLUSÃO: há maior prevalência de fraturas do platô tibial no sexo masculino, faixa etária de 19-29 anos, vítima de acidente automobilísticos, com fraturas oblíquas.
To determine the prevalence of tibial plateau fractures in internal patients at a Public Hospital of Piauí. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty medical records with Tibial Plateau Fractures from January 2017 to January 2018 were analyzed. The analysis instrument was a questionnaire composed of relevant information, such as: sex, age, race, injury mechanism, types of fracture and affected side, for data collection. For data analysis we used descriptive statistics with calculations of means, standard deviation and absolute and relative frequencies. RESULTS: The highest incidence of fractures was in males (72%). The mean age of the patients was 38 ± 13.86 years, mainly victims of automobile accidents (66%), with the right side most affected (70%) with the highest incidence of oblique fracture (48%). CONCLUSION: there is a higher prevalence of fractures of the tibial plateau in males, aged 19-29 years, victim of automobile accidents, with oblique fractures.
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Fraturas Ósseas , Fraturas da Tíbia , Hospitais PúblicosRESUMO
INTRODUÇÃO: Os corredores têm uma grande incidência de lesões em membros inferiores, sendo o joelho a articulação mais acometida. A mesma sofre influência direta do quadril e das articulações adjacentes. Fraqueza muscular de extensores, rotadores laterais e abdutores de quadril levam a uma alteração biomecânica chamada valgo dinâmico, que é um mecanismo compensatório, onde o centro da articulação do joelho se desloca medialmente. OBJETIVO: Esse estudo teve como objetivo correlacionar o valgo dinâmico com lesões, ângulo Q e nivelamento da pelve. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Tratase de uma Pesquisa de campo, descritiva, investigativa e quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados nos meses de abril de 2019, na Federação de Atletismo do Piauí com 14 corredores homens, com idade acima de 18 anos. Para obtenção dos dados foi utilizado um questionário e o teste step down que foi submetido ao software para avaliação postural (SAPO) e um questionário. Os mesmos foram analisados quanto a sua normalidade de distribuição das amostras, pelo teste de Kolmogov-Sminorv, e teste de Pearson para analises de dados numéricos, foi tabulado no excel para posterior analise no GraphPad Prism 7.1. O nível de significância para análise estatística foi considerada como p< 0,05. O trabalho foi executado após aprovação no comitê de ética (CAAE: 11001219.5.0000.5193). RESULTADOS: Os resultados obtidos não mostraram correlação do valgo dinâmico com lesões, com ângulo Q (R2=-0.200) e com nivelamento da pelve(R2=0.253) e p>0,05. CONCLUSÃO: Neste estudo não foi encontrada correlação entre o valgo dinâmico, lesões de joelho, ângulo Q e nivelamento da pelve.
INTRODUCTION: Runners have a high incidence of lower limb injuries, with the knee being the most affected joint. It is directly influenced by the hip and adjacent joints. Muscle weakness of extensors, lateral rotators, and hip abductors leads to a biomechanical change called dynamic valgus, which is a compensatory mechanism, where the center of the knee joint moves medially. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to correlate dynamic valgus with lesions, Q angle and pelvic leveling. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a field research, descriptive, investigative and quantitative. Data were collected in April 2019 at the Piauí Athletics Federation with 14 male runners over 18 years old. To obtain the data, a questionnaire was used and the step down test was submitted to the software for postural evaluation (SAPO) and a questionnaire. They were analyzed for their normal distribution of samples by the Kolmogov-Sminorv test and Pearson's test for numerical data analysis, tabulated in excel for further analysis in GraphPad Prism 7.1. The significance level for statistical analysis was considered as p <0.05. The work was performed after approval by the ethics committee (CAAE: 11001219.5.0000.5193). RESULTS: The results showed no correlation between dynamic valgus and lesions, with Q angle (R2 = -0.200) and pelvic leveling (R2 = 0.253) and p> 0.05. CONCLUSION: In this study no correlation was found between dynamic valgus, knee injuries, Q angle and pelvic leveling.
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Traumatismos do Joelho , Geno Valgo , Treino AeróbicoRESUMO
INTRODUÇÃO: Nos últimos anos está crescendo a quantidade de jovens atletas (jogadores de handebol). O handebol é uma modalidade esportiva de arremesso. Nele ocorre gesto rápido e complexo, dividido em fases diferentes como: progressão, armação do braço, passada, aceleração e desaceleração do braço. Portanto, o handebol é um esporte de alta intensidade composto por acelerações repetitivas que exige grande esforço das articulações, principalmente do ombro, onde os movimentos e posicionamentos podem gerar alto risco de lesões ligamentares, tendinosas e capsulares. OBJETIVO: avaliar a presença de sintomas osteomusculares desenvolvidos em praticantes de handebol. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo observacional no qual foi aplicado o Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares em atletas de handebol da seleção de uma Faculdade Particular do Piauí a fim de avaliar as lesões mais prevalentes em jogadores de handebol. Foram incluídos os atletas com idade apartir de 18 anos, ativos e sem lesões no ato da pesquisa. Os dados foram analisados através de estatística descritiva com base nas frequências absolutas e relativas das queixas aprsentadas. RESULTADOS: As regiões com maior prevalência de queixas foram joelhos 10 (50%) seguido de 9 (45%) ombros. As regiões cujas lesões impossibilitaram a realização das atividades desportivas mais frequentemente foram 4 (20%) nas regiões ombros, quadris, joelhos, tornozelo por entorses ou torções. Havendo uma maior procura por atendimento especializado nos últimos meses de 5 (25%) em joelho e tornozelo. CONCLUSÃO: As regiões com maior frequência de acometimentos em praticantes de handball foram ombro, joelho e tornozelo.
INTRODUCTION: The number of young athletes (handball players) has grown in recent years. Handball is a sporting form of throwing. It occurs in a fast and complex gesture, divided into different phases such as: progression, arm, past, acceleration and deceleration of the arm. Therefore, handball is a high intensity sport composed of repetitive accelerations that requires great effort of the joints, especially of the shoulder, where the movements and positionings can generate high risk of ligament, tendinosis and capsular lesions. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms developed in handball players. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is an observational study in which the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was applied to handball athletes from a private college in Piauí to assess the most prevalent injuries in handball players. We included athletes aged from 18 years, active and without injuries at the time of the research. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics based on the absolute and relative frequencies of the complaints presented. RESULTS: The regions with the highest prevalence of complaints were knees 10 (50%) followed by 9 (45%) shoulders. The regions whose injuries prevented the performance of sports activities were more frequently 4 (20%) in the shoulder, hips, knees, ankle, or twist regions. There is a greater demand for specialized care in the last months of 5 (25%) in knee and ankle. CONCLUSION: The regions with the highest frequency of injuries in handball players were shoulder, knee and ankle.
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Traumatismos em Atletas , Esforço Físico , Dor MusculoesqueléticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: It is well known that medicinal plants and their products are relevant candidates for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. Ethyl p-coumarate is a phenylpropanoid that has similar structure to others anti-inflammatory and antioxidant substances. However, these activities have never been tested. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ethyl p-coumarate on inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters. STUDY DESIGN: This is an experimental study to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of ethyl p-coumarate in acute and chronic models of inflammation. METHODS: The anti-inflammatory effect of ethyl p-coumarate was evaluated in Swiss mice by carrageenan-induced paw edema model (1%, 50 µl), followed by histological analysis, and edema induced by compound 48/80 (12 µg/paw), histamine (100 ⯵g/paw), serotonin (100 µg/paw) and prostaglandin E2 (3 nmol/paw) in comparison to indomethacin treatment (10 mg/kg, p.o.). In addition, peritonitis was induced by carrageenan (500 µg/cavity) to neutrophil and total leukocytes counting, myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and 8 (IL-8), nitrite (NO2-), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) measurements. The arthritis model was induced with Freund's complete adjuvant (id. 0.1â¯ml) in female Wistar rats, with measurement of joint diameter and X-ray. Changes in gastric tissue of Swiss mice were analyzed in comparison to indomethacin (20 â¯mg/kg, p.o.). RESULTS: After treatment with ethyl p-coumarate, the animals had no apparent toxic effects, and significantly inhibited paw edema induced by edematogenic agents, neutrophil (pâ¯<â¯0.001) and total leukocyte (pâ¯<â¯0.001) migration, MPO (pâ¯<â¯0.01), IL-6 (pâ¯<â¯0.05) and IL-8 (pâ¯<â¯0.5), MDA (pâ¯<â¯0.5), GSH (pâ¯<â¯0.5), NO2- (pâ¯<â¯0.001), joint thickness and bones changes. Furthermore, were not observed significant formation of gastric lesions. CONCLUSION: Taken together, these results suggest that ethyl p-coumarate exhibits anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of inflammatory mediators and leukocyte migration without causing gastric lesions.
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Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Ácidos Cumáricos/farmacologia , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Neutrófilos/efeitos dos fármacos , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Artrite Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Artrite Experimental/patologia , Carragenina/toxicidade , Movimento Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Doença Crônica , Edema/induzido quimicamente , Edema/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Adjuvante de Freund/toxicidade , Inflamação/patologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Neutrófilos/metabolismo , Neutrófilos/patologia , Peritonite/induzido quimicamente , Peritonite/tratamento farmacológico , Ratos WistarRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Ethyl ferulate is a phenylpropanoid with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective activities of natural and synthetic origin with potential uses in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the current scenario regarding patents and scientific articles available involving the substance in question, regarding aspects such as quantity, areas of knowledge and depositor countries. AREAS COVERED: To do so, we conducted technological and scientific prospecting on the WIPO, EPO, USPTO and INPI and scientific databases in PubMed, Web of Science and Lilacs databases using the keywords 'ferulic acid ethyl ester' and 'ethyl ferulate' in English and Portuguese. A total of 16 articles and 17 patents of which 10 were Chinese and 11 claimed the use of ethyl ferulate or for the synthesis of other substances or synthetic methods of the same. Five of the patents selected claimed therapeutic applications related to the treatment of mycobacterial infections, use as a cosmetic and neuroprotective activity. The systematic review of the literature revealed antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, antiapoptotic, antimutagenic and antiproliferative activities. EXPERT OPINION: The technological and scientific prospection highlighted ethyl ferulate, despite its known pharmacological activities, is little explored by the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries.
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Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Ácidos Cafeicos/farmacologia , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Humanos , Patentes como AssuntoRESUMO
Objetivo: Veriï¬car as lesões musculoesqueléticas mais prevalentes em bailarinos contemporâneos do Balé da Cidade de Teresina. Métodos: será realizado um estudo transversal descritivo explicativo feito com 12 bailarinos de 18 á 35 anos de idade do balé da cidade de Teresina, onde será aplicado 3 questionários. Questionário bipolar- avaliação de fadiga, nórdico musculoesquelético e outro elaborado pela autora do trabalho. Resultados: Foram obtidos através dos questionários que avaliam dores, fadiga no trabalho e tipos de lesões nos bailarinos. Conclusão: Pode concluir-se que dor, fadiga pode ocasionar vários tipos de lesões musculoesqueléticas em bailarinos contemporâneos.
Objective: To verify the most prevalent musculoskeletal injuries in contemporary ballet dancers in the city of Teresina Methods: a descriptive cross - sectional study will be carried out with 12 ballet dancers from 20 to 40 years of age from the ballet of the city of Teresina, where 3 questionnaires will be applied. Bipolar questionnaire - evaluation of fatigue, musculoskeletal and other Nordic elaborated by the author of the work. Results: They were obtained through questionnaires that evaluated pain, fatigue at work and types of injuries in dancers. Conclusion: It can be concluded that pain, fatigue can cause several types of musculoskeletal injuries in contemporary dancers
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ABSTRACT Lippia origanoides is a honey shrub which has showed hypotensive potential assessed by in vivo studies. The aim of this work is the development of a pharmaceutical formulation composed by an optimized extract obtained from aerial parts of L. origanoides. The quantification of the naringenin marker in the dry extract and tablets developed was performed, as well as the assessment of the oral acute toxicity in rats. The hydroalcoholic extract of L. origanoides was spray-dried with the addition of colloidal silicon dioxide (Lo-HAE/CSD), and then applied in the preparation of eight different lots of tablets. The influence of the diluent (cellulose or babassu mesocarp), the presence of binder, and the percentage of lubricant, as well as organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics were screened. For the quantification of the marker content both in Lo-HAE/CSD and in the tablets, an analytical curve of the naringenin standard was fitted, and the samples were then analyzed in UFLC. The toxicological assessment was performed in female Wistar rats according to the Acute Toxic Class Method from OECD. The developed tablets produced meet acceptable macroscopic characteristics, and the presence of babassu as diluent provided improved physicochemical properties. The best content of Lo-HAE/CSD in the tablet (100.27%) was identified for the lot containing babassu, composed by 1.0% magnesium stearate, without PVP binder in its formulation. Moreover, Lo-HAE/CSD showed no signs of toxicity. Therefore, the babassu mesocarp powder is a promising pharmaceutical excipient for the development of herbal tablets containing the Lippia origanoides extract.