RESUMO
Enzymatic lipophilization is an important process to extend the use of anthocyanins in lipidic media. In this work delphinidin 3-O-sambubioside (Dp3sam) isolated from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. flower was esterified with octanoic acid using Candida antarctica lipase B. The physical-chemical properties of the new lipophilic pigment were studied by UV-vis spectroscopy. Dp3sam with chloride, acetate and formate as counter ions were employed to study the lipophilization reaction. The hydrolysis of the reagent was avoided with a formate counter ion and the expected product was achieved with a noteworthy change of solubility. 1D and 2D NMR characterization of Dp3sam-C8 confirmed that the lipophilization took place at the primary alcohol of the glucoside moiety. Overall, the Dp3sam-C8 ester presents a stabilization of the quinoidal base (blue color) at neutral or moderate alkaline pH, which foresees a potential use of this pigment as a broad kind of industries on lipo-soluble formulations.
Assuntos
Antocianinas/análise , Ácidos Graxos/metabolismo , Proteínas Fúngicas/metabolismo , Hibiscus/química , Lipase/metabolismo , Acilação , Antocianinas/isolamento & purificação , Antocianinas/metabolismo , Biocatálise , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Cor , Dissacarídeos/química , Hibiscus/metabolismo , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Espectrometria de Massas , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extração em Fase SólidaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To describe the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cervical cancer precursor lesions at the Xingu Indigenous Park (PIX) from 2005 to 2006. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Observational, transversal study. The research sample consisted of 503 sexually active women aged 12 years and older. The research was performed in three stages: screening, colposcopy, and surgical treatment by large loop excision of the transformation zone. RESULTS: The cytopathological screening coverage was of 99.6%. The rate of cytologic atypia was 11.7%. Together, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) were observed in 4.6% of the women. The cytological examination returned a sensitivity of 54%, specificity of 97%, a positive predictive value of 88%, and a negative predictive value of 83%. In the anatomopathological examinations of biopsies, the rate of HSILs was 30.2%. The sensitivity of the anatomopathological examination of biopsies was 72.2%, the specificity was 100%, the positive predictive value was 100%, and the negative predictive value was 44.4%. CONCLUSIONS: Viable strategies for preventing, diagnosing, and treating cervical cancer precursor lesions in women from the PIX include increasing annual coverage of cytopathological examinations, early detection of cervical intraepithelial lesions, and treatment and follow-up of detected cases.
Assuntos
Colo do Útero/patologia , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/prevenção & controle , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas/diagnóstico , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas/terapia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/terapia , Esfregaço VaginalRESUMO
Results of preventive health measures, diagnosis and treatment applied to Parque Indigena do Xingu native women were studied. Thirty-seven cases of uterine cervical intraepithelial lesions and invasive neoplasias were treated in the local villages without referral to an advanced medical center. LEEPs were carried out in 32 women, three cold knife conizations, one vaginal hysterectomy and one Wertheim Meigs procedure. Results of 53.1% of LEEP surgical procedures did not have margin involvement by the lesions. Bleeding complications were seen in 15.6%. Regular follow-up with two or three cytologic and colposcopic tests in 32 women was carried out. All cases were negative for lesions. Five women were not followed-up due mainly to logistical reasons. Health endeavors adopted in the period 2005-2007 brought about a significant reduction of precursor lesions in this native aboriginal population without screening resources.
Assuntos
Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Displasia do Colo do Útero/etnologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/etnologia , Brasil , Feminino , Humanos , Infecções por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Papillomavirus/etnologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/terapia , Displasia do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Displasia do Colo do Útero/prevenção & controle , Displasia do Colo do Útero/terapiaRESUMO
Congenital skin neoplasms are rare in cattle. However, when observed, hemangioma, a vascular benign tumor of origin, is worth mentioning. Its association with tissue of distinct embryologic origin resulting from ectopic processes is not commonly reported. Accordingly, this study aimed to describe a congenital hemangioma with the presence of pulmonary ectopic tissue in a calf. A male calf, mixed breed, with four hours of life, was received with a history of neoformation close to the anus. The patient underwent physical examination and surgery for the excision of the neoformation. The material obtained was sent for histopathological analysis. The tumor, located in the perianal region, was subcutaneous, and had 25 cm in diameter. The cutting area showed the existence of ectopic pulmonary tissue. Histopathological analysis was consistent with hemangioma associated with representative material representative of lung. Knowledge of such lesions becomes important as it contributes to the limited reports in the literature on congenital skin neoplasms in cattle, especially in regard to their clinical and pathological presentation. KEY-WORDS: Hemangioma. Cattle. Ectopic tissue. Lung.
Na espécie bovina, as neoplasias cutâneas congênitas são raras. Todavia quando observadas, pode-se citar o hemangioma, um tumor benigno vascular. Sua associação com tecido de origem embriológica distinta, resultante de processos ectópicos, não são relatados comumente. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho objetivou a descrição de um hemangioma congênito com tecido pulmonar ectópico num bezerro. Um bovino, macho, sem raça definida, com quatro horas de vida, foi atendido com o histórico de neoformação próxima ao ânus. O paciente foi submetido a exame físico e cirurgia para a excisão de tal neoformação. O material obtido foi encaminhado para histopatologia. O tumor perianal era de abrangência subcutânea e possuía 25 cm de diâmetro. A superfície de corte demonstrava a existência de um tecido pulmonar ectópico. A análise histopatológica foi compatível com hemangioma associado à material pulmonar. O conhecimento de tais lesões torna-se importante, pois contribui com os reduzidos relatos na literatura sobre
RESUMO
Congenital skin neoplasms are rare in cattle. However, when observed, hemangioma, a vascular benign tumor of origin, is worth mentioning. Its association with tissue of distinct embryologic origin resulting from ectopic processes is not commonly reported. Accordingly, this study aimed to describe a congenital hemangioma with the presence of pulmonary ectopic tissue in a calf. A male calf, mixed breed, with four hours of life, was received with a history of neoformation close to the anus. The patient underwent physical examination and surgery for the excision of the neoformation. The material obtained was sent for histopathological analysis. The tumor, located in the perianal region, was subcutaneous, and had 25 cm in diameter. The cutting area showed the existence of ectopic pulmonary tissue. Histopathological analysis was consistent with hemangioma associated with representative material representative of lung. Knowledge of such lesions becomes important as it contributes to the limited reports in the literature on congenital skin neoplasms in cattle, especially in regard to their clinical and pathological presentation. KEY-WORDS: Hemangioma. Cattle. Ectopic tissue. Lung.
Na espécie bovina, as neoplasias cutâneas congênitas são raras. Todavia quando observadas, pode-se citar o hemangioma, um tumor benigno vascular. Sua associação com tecido de origem embriológica distinta, resultante de processos ectópicos, não são relatados comumente. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho objetivou a descrição de um hemangioma congênito com tecido pulmonar ectópico num bezerro. Um bovino, macho, sem raça definida, com quatro horas de vida, foi atendido com o histórico de neoformação próxima ao ânus. O paciente foi submetido a exame físico e cirurgia para a excisão de tal neoformação. O material obtido foi encaminhado para histopatologia. O tumor perianal era de abrangência subcutânea e possuía 25 cm de diâmetro. A superfície de corte demonstrava a existência de um tecido pulmonar ectópico. A análise histopatológica foi compatível com hemangioma associado à material pulmonar. O conhecimento de tais lesões torna-se importante, pois contribui com os reduzidos relatos na literatura sobre
RESUMO
A case report of a HIV seropositive 8-year-old child with vulvar and anal border neoplasia, both grade 3, and the adopted therapeutic management are presented. The mother reported the history of a progressively growing verrucous lesion in the vulva since the age of three and a half years. On physical examination a pigmented and elevated lesion was observed in the whole vulvar region extending to the anal region and intergluteal sulcus. After biopsies and anatomic pathological examination, antiretroviral therapy, adequate for age, and topical application of podophyllotoxin associated with Thuya officinalis extract was started. Three months afterwards vaporization and CO2 laser excision were performed in five sequential sessions, thereafter associated with topical imiquimod application. After the first two sessions of laser therapy early relapses occurred. After four weeks of imiquimod use, already a significant improvement of the lesions was observed, making the following laser therapy sessions easier. We conclude that antiretroviral therapy associated with podophyllotoxin and Thuya was not effective regarding regression of the lesions. Laser therapy alone led to early relapses. The local use of imiquimod associated with laser was effective in decreasing and controling the lesions.
Assuntos
Neoplasias do Ânus/terapia , Carcinoma/terapia , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Vulvares/terapia , Administração Tópica , Aminoquinolinas/administração & dosagem , Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias do Ânus/patologia , Carcinoma/patologia , Criança , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Seguimentos , Infecções por HIV/imunologia , Soropositividade para HIV , Humanos , Imiquimode , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/métodos , Infecções por Papillomavirus/patologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/terapia , Medição de Risco , Resultado do Tratamento , Neoplasias Vulvares/patologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Dengue is the most common of the arbovirosis that humans can suffer from. The frequency with which the central nervous system (CNS) is affected by this viral infection remains unknown, although isolated cases with neurological complications have been reported in Asia and South America. In Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, dengue virus infection has become an important public health concern. CASE REPORTS: The authors describe two cases of immune-mediated CNS involvement following classic infection by the dengue virus: one involving post-infectious disseminated acute encephalitis and the other consisting of Guillain-Barré syndrome. In both cases dengue was diagnosed using the ELISA technique, and other viral aetiologies in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were excluded. A 10-year-old female, following a bout of classic dengue, presented symptoms of a diminished level of consciousness, spastic tetraparesis, cerebellar syndrome and frontal symptoms. A resonance brain scan showed areas of hypersignal in T2 sequences in the cerebral peduncle, lentiform nuclei and internal capsule on both sides of the brain, which suggested post-infectious encephalitis. The second patient, a 14-year-old male, presented an areflexive flaccid ascending tetraparesis that suggested acute polyradiculoneuritis, following a bout of classic dengue. CSF albuminocytologic dissociation was also observed. This patient's electroneuromyogram recording showed a polyradiculoneuropathy of a primarily demyelinating nature with an associated axonal component. CONCLUSIONS: The immunological mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of this type of neurological complications after suffering from dengue may be part of the physiological response to the viral infection.
Assuntos
Dengue/complicações , Encefalite Viral/virologia , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/virologia , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the transverse and vertical palate dimensions of two groups of children, one diagnosed as having perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) and the other without any respiratory pathology. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: Institute of Paediatrics and Child Care of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. SAMPLE AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 101 children with the diagnoses of PAR (mean age 6.5) and 91 without any respiratory pathology (mean age 7.3). From 192 patients, 65% was in mixed dentition phase and 35% in primary dentition. Each subject underwent an intra-oral clinical examination using three-dimensional Korkhaus compass to measure the intermolar distance, intercanine distance and palate depth. RESULTS: The allergic group showed greater averages of palate depth (P = 0.00), both in the primary dentition phase (11.53 mm x 10 mm) and in the mixed dentition (11.96 mm x 10.21 mm). There was no statistically significant difference for intermolar and intercanine distances, either in primary or mixed dentition (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The transverse dimension of the palate did not vary significantly between the groups, which seems to confirm that the main influence of alteration of the breathing pattern from nasal to mouth occurs on the vertical plane.
Assuntos
Palato/patologia , Rinite Alérgica Perene/patologia , Brasil , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Cefalometria , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Dente Canino/patologia , Arco Dental/patologia , Dentição Mista , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Dente Molar/patologia , Respiração Bucal/patologia , Obstrução Nasal/patologia , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Respiração , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Dente DecíduoRESUMO
This study aimed to verify whether estrogen replacement alone or associated with progesterone promotes the recurrence of experimental endometriosis in oophorectomized rats. The procedure utilized for endometriosis induction was adapted from the one described by Jones (1984). The rats were castrated three weeks after the induction. Hormonal replacement was started 14 days after the castration and was given for 24 days. One group received estrogen alone, another received estrogen associated with medroxiprogesterone acetate, and a last one received placebo. At the end of this study, the animals who received hormonal medication showed recurrence of the disease. This fact was more evident in the group that received estrogen alone. We concluded that estrogen alone leads to recurrence of endometriosis in oophorectomized rats with surgically induced endometriosis. The association of medroxiprogesterone promotes involutional changes in the implants, and should be added upon the existence of a past history of endometriosis.
Assuntos
Endometriose/fisiopatologia , Terapia de Reposição de Estrogênios , Pós-Menopausa/fisiologia , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Estrogênios Conjugados (USP)/farmacologia , Feminino , Progesterona/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
CONTEXT: Endometrial maturation, important in the diagnosis of infertile couples, has been evaluated since 1950 using the Noyes criteria. Nevertheless, there is no consensus regarding the most suitable period of the luteal phase for performing the biopsy. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the correlation between the histological dating of two endometrial biopsies performed in the same menstrual cycle, on luteal phase days six and ten. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Human Reproduction Division of the Federal University of São Paulo, referral center. PATIENTS: Twenty-five women complaining of infertility had their menstrual cycles monitored by ultrasound and LH plasma levels, to obtain evidence of ovulation. PROCEDURES: Endometrial biopsies were performed on luteal phase days LH + 6 and LH + 10 (luteal phase day 1 = LH + 1 = the day that follows LH peak). Dating was done according to morphometric criteria, in which an endometrium sample is considered out of phase if the minimum maturation delay is one day. On day LH + 6, blood was drawn for plasma progesterone level determination. RESULTS: All patients had an ovulatory cycle (mean LH peak: 47.4 U/L; mean follicular diameter on LH peak day: 18.9 mm; mean endometrial thickness on LH peak day: 10.3 mm; mean plasma progesterone level on day LH + 6: 14.4 ng/ml). 14 patients had both biopsies in phase; 5 patients had out of phase biopsies only on day LH + 6; 3 had out of phase biopsies only on day LH + 10 and 3 patients had out of phase biopsies on both days. McNemar's test showed no statistical difference between these data (p > 33.36%). CONCLUSIONS: The correlation found between the endometrial datings suggests that biopsies performed on either of these two days are suitable for evaluation of endometrial maturation.