RESUMO
Pressure ulcers (PU) are wounds located mainly on bone surfaces where the tissue under pressure suffers ischemia leading to cellular lesion and necrosis , its causes and the healing process depend on several factors. The aim of this study was evaluating the gene expression of inflammatory/reparative factors: IL6, TNF, VEGF, and TGF, which take part in the tissue healing process under effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT). In order to perform lesion area analysis, PUs were photographed and computer analyzed. Biochemical analysis was performed sa.mpling ulcer border tissue obtained through biopsy before and after laser therapy and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. The study comprised eight individuals, mean age sixty-two years old, and sacroiliac and calcaneous PU, classified as degree III and IV according to the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP). PUs were irradiated with low-level laser (InGaAIP, 100 mW, 660 nm), energy density 2 J/cm2, once a day, with intervals of 24 h, totaling 12 applications. The lesion area analysis revealed averaged improvement of the granulation tissue size up to 50% from pre- to post-treatment. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that IL6 values were not significantly different before and after treatment, TNF gene expression was reduced, and VEFG and TGF-ß gene expression increased after treatment. After LLLT, wounds presented improvement in gross appearance, with increase in factors VEFG and TGF-ß, and reduction of TNF; despite our promising results, they have to be analyzed carefully as this study did not have a control group.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Inflamação/genética , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade , Úlcera por Pressão/genética , Úlcera por Pressão/radioterapia , Cicatrização/efeitos da radiação , Diabetes Mellitus/radioterapia , Feminino , Tecido de Granulação/patologia , Humanos , Interleucina-6/genética , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/genética , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/genética , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/genética , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Cicatrização/genéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a structure of the craniofacial complex affected by neurological diseases. Orthopedic and musculoskeletal changes can also cause temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and pain. Low-level laser (LLL) therapy has been studied in the treatment of temporomandibular jaw (TMJ) dysfunction, and controversial results were obtained. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work was comparing the physiotherapeutic and drug protocol (PDP) to LLL therapy in the treatment of pain associated with TMD. METHODS: A sample of 60 female patients, 20-50 years of age, TMD triggering agents (stress, parafunctional habits) controlled, was randomly divided into three groups, group 1 (G1)-LLL (780 nm laser, dose of 35.0 J/cm2, for 20 sec, thrice a week, for 4 weeks); group 2 (G2)-PDP (hot packs thrice a day, morning, afternoon, and evening, for 15 min, exercise of opening and closing the mouth, twice a day, myorelaxing and anti-inflammatory drug administration); and group 3 (G3)-Placebo (450 nm halogen lamp, Max LD Gnatus, light curing unit). RESULTS: Patients were evaluated every return appointment for the presence (P) or absence (A) of pain for 4 weeks and results were statistically analyzed. First week: 60% of G1, 100% G2, and 70% of G3-related pain. Second week: 55% of G1, 15% of G2, and 100% of G3-related pain. Third week: 10% of G1, 15% of G2, and 85% of G3-related pain. Last week: 0% of G1, 0% of G2, and 100% of G3-related pain. CONCLUSIONS: Based on obtained data, we concluded that, compared to PDP, LLL treatment is effective to control pain associated with TMD.
Assuntos
Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/métodos , Manejo da Dor/métodos , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/terapia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of laser irradiation on dog bone marrow stem cells. BACKGROUND DATA: Low doses of low-level red laser positively affect the viability of mesenchymal stem cells, and also increase proliferation. METHODS: Low-level laser (wavelength, 660 nm; power output, 50 mW), was applied to dog bone marrow stem cell cultures (DBMSC). The energy densities delivered varied from 1 to 12J/cm(2). The effect of the laser irradiation was evaluated on cell proliferation measured with the MTT colorimetric test, cell cycle phase, and on lipidic peroxidation (free radical production). RESULTS: The results indicate that laser irradiation to DBMSC did not change the morphology of the cells, but significantly increased their viability and the number of cells at the G2/M phase with 6, 10, and 12 J/cm(2). On the other hand, malonaldehyde production was significantly enhanced with 8 J/cm(2). CONCLUSIONS: The parameters used to irradiate DBMSC increased significantly proliferation without producing high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Assuntos
Proliferação de Células/efeitos da radiação , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/efeitos da radiação , Animais , Células Cultivadas , Cães , HumanosRESUMO
RBC flow cytometric analysis is usually used to quantify antigen content. Calibration systems enable antigen content determination by relating mean fluorescence intensity with the number of bound antibody molecules (equivalent to the number of antigen molecules). For that reason, antibodies must be used at saturating concentration, which may lead to agglutination when working with high density antigens. Then, forward scattering, side scattering and fluorescence will be increased, thus obtaining wrong results. In this work, the simple Langmuir adhesion model was applied. Flow cytometry was used to quantify GPA, a transmembrane protein present at high density on RBC. The fluorescence intensity of samples at different anti-GPA sub-saturating concentrations was measured. Sometimes, agglutinates were present and two peaks of fluorescence were observed, the principal one corresponding to isolated cells and the secondary one corresponding to agglutinated cells. In those cases, the principal peak was taken into account for the analysis. The GPA antigen content obtained for nine analyzed samples ranged from 3 to 13 x 10(5) sites per cell, which is similar to those values found in literature. Therefore, the Langmuir adsorption model enables us to determine the antigen content for the anti-GPA/GPA system on RBC membrane. This model could be used to quantify high density antigens in RBC and in other cells.