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Introduction: Teaching work, which is characterized by being exhausting, with a significant workload, with synchronous and/or asynchronous remote classes. Objective: To describe associations between the working conditions of school teachers at home and their food consumption during the suspension of face-to-face classes. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study using a self-administered online questionnaire with 15,372 working teachers from Minas Gerais, Brazil. The dependent variables analyzed were the consumption of healthy and unhealthy foods. Independent variables included sociodemographic factors, remote work conditions, understanding of online technologies, computer access, and quality of Internet connection. The Poisson model with robust variance was used to determine the association between working conditions and food consumption. Results: In the analysis of the adjusted multivariate model, there was a significant association between eating habits and the following variables: gender, age, working hours (per week), feelings regarding teachers' work during the pandemic, working hours during the pandemic and quality work internet connection. Our data shows that teachers' remote working conditions are associated with worse food consumption. They also showed that working hours equal to or greater than 40 hours per week, feelings of dissatisfaction with working conditions during the pandemic, increased working hours during the pandemic and poor quality of internet connection were variables correlated with the consumption of unhealthy foods. Conclusions: Remote working conditions during the pandemic influenced primary school teachers' food choices. More studies are needed to delve deeper into issues related to teachers' working conditions and the implications for food choices(AU)

Introducción: La labor docente se caracteriza por ser agotadora, con una importante carga horaria, con clases remotas síncronas y/o asíncronas. Objetivo: Describir la asociación existente entre las condiciones del trabajo remoto de los docentes de la educación básica y el consumo de sus alimentos durante el período de suspensión de las clases presenciales. Métodos: Es un estudio transversal mediante cuestionario en línea autoadministrado con 15.372 docentes activos en Minas Gerais, Brasil. Las variables dependientes analizadas fueron el consumo de los alimentos saludables y de los no saludables. Las variables independientes incluyeron los factores sociodemográficos, las condiciones del trabajo remoto, la comprensión de las tecnologías en línea, el acceso a las computadoras así como la calidad de la conexión a la Internet. Se utilizó el modelo de Poisson con variación robusta para determinar la asociación entre las condiciones del trabajo y el consumo de los alimentos. Resultados: En el análisis del modelo multivariado ajustado hubo una asociación significativa entre los hábitos alimentarios y las siguientes variables: el género, la edad, la jornada laboral semanal, el sentimiento sobre el trabajo durante la pandemia, la jornada laboral durante la pandemia y la calidad de la conexión a la internet. Nuestros datos demuestran que las condiciones del trabajo remoto de los docentes están asociadas con un empeoramiento en el consumo de los alimentos. También mostraron que la jornada laboral igual o superior a unas 40 horas semanales, los sentimientos de insatisfacción con las condiciones laborales, el aumento de la jornada laboral y la mala calidad de la conexión a la Internet durante la pandemia fueron variables correlacionadas con el consumo de alimentos no saludables. Conclusiones: Las condiciones del trabajo remoto durante la pandemia influyeron en las elecciones alimentarias de los docentes de la educación básica. Se necesitan más estudios para profundizar en los aspectos relacionados con las condiciones laborales de los docentes y sus implicaciones en la elección de sus alimentos(AU)

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The study aims to evaluate the association between substance use and social isolation with food consumption in adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 2,040 adolescents from a medium-sized city in Brazil. The exposures assessed were the use of alcohol, tobacco, and other substances, and social isolation. The outcomes were the regular consumption (≥5 times/week) of beans, fruit/fruit salad, candies, and soft drinks, and an unhealthy eating score. The association between health risk behaviors and food consumption was assessed through logistic and linear regressions. Regular users of alcohol were more likely to have regular consumption of candies and soft drinks, and those who used tobacco regularly were less likely to have regular bean consumption and more likely to have regular candies consumption. The use of at least one substance was negatively associated with regular bean consumption and positively associated with regular consumption of sweets and soft drinks. Socially isolated adolescents were less likely to have regular bean consumption. Substance use was positively associated with the unhealthy eating score. In conclusion, substance use and social isolation were associated with less regular consumption of healthy food markers and greater regular consumption of unhealthy food markers.

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Os cuidados destinados aos recém-nascidos prematuros extremos têm propiciado importantes resultados na sobrevida dessas crianças. Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil de morbidade no primeiro ano de vida entre recémnascidos de alto risco. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória realizada no ambulatório de seguimento de recém-nascidos de alto risco do norte de Minas Gerais. A coleta de dados foi referente às admissões no período de março de 2014 a abril de 2015. O instrumento contemplava características: demográficas, sociais, condições de gestação e parto, intercorrências no pós-parto e condições de saúde das crianças acompanhadas ao longo do primeiro ano de vida. Realizou-se a análise estatística descritiva e o teste Qui-Quadrado, assumindo-se um nível de significância de 5% para comparação da distribuição das morbidades por faixas de peso. Resultados: Participaram deste estudo 282 recém-nascidos, sendo 53,9% do sexo masculino. Entre as mães, 58,2% era multípara e 35,8% hipertensas. Em relação ao peso de nascimento, 59,6% dos recém-nascidos acompanhados pesaram menos de 1500 gramas. As principais morbidades identificadas no primeiro ano de vida foram atraso do desenvolvimento neuro-psicomotor, infecções de vias aéreas superiores, as alterações neurológicas e as afecções respiratórias crônicas. Foram registradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes para o atraso do desenvolvimento neuro-psico-motor (p<0,001), intercorrências neurológicas (p=0,008) e episódios de diarreia (p=0,047), entre as faixas de peso de nascimento. Conclusão: A assistência ambulatorial para o recém-nascido prematuro de alto risco contribui para a identificação e a prevenção de doenças recorrentes nessa população(AU)

Introduction: Care for extremely premature newborns has provided important results in the survival of these children. Objective: To characterize the morbidity profile in the first year of life among high-risk newborns. Materials and Method: This is an exploratory research carried out at the follow-up clinic for high-risk newborns in the north of Minas Gerais. Data collection referred to admissions in the period from March 2014 to April 2015. The instrument included characteristics: demographic, social, pregnancy and delivery conditions, postpartum complications and health conditions of children monitored during the first year of life. Descriptive statistical analysis and the chisquare test were performed, assuming a significance level of 5% to compare the distribution of morbidities by weight range. Results: A total of 282 newborns participated in this study, 53.9% of whom were male. Among the mothers, 58.2% were multiparous and 35.8% were hypertensive. Regarding birth weight, 59.6% of newborns monitored weighed less than 1500 grams. The main morbidities identified in the first year of life were delayed neuro-psycho-motor development, upper airway infections, neurological disorders and chronic respiratory conditions. Statistically significant differences were recorded for delayed neuro-psycho-motor development (p<0.001), neurological complications (p=0.008) and episodes of diarrhea (p=0.047), between birth weight ranges. Conclusion: Outpatient care for high-risk premature newborns contributes to the identification and prevention of recurrent diseases in this population(AU)

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College students in general commonly present unhealthy habits and, as a result, they can develop chronic non-communicable diseases. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of clustering of dietary risk behaviors for chronic non-communicable diseases and associated factors among medical students. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 231 students in the 1st, 7th and 11th semesters of undergraduate medical courses at three institutions in northern Minas Gerais, Brazil. Information on food intake was obtained through a survey of risk and protection factors for chronic diseases conducted by telephone. Statistical analysis was carried out using Poisson regression with robust variance. With regard to the clustering of dietary risk behaviors for chronic diseases, 30.8% of the students had three or more such behaviors. In the multivariate analysis, it was found that the prevalence of dietary risk behaviors was significantly higher among first-semester students. It is believed that students in other semesters had a lower prevalence of clustering of dietary risk behaviors because they had in-depth knowledge about the benefits of a healthy diet.

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O objetivo do estudo foi identificar fatores associados à ocorrência de infecção confirmada e internação por COVID- 19 entre professores da educação pública de Minas Gerais. Estudo transversal realizado entre agosto e setembro de 2020, via internet. As variáveis dependentes foram relatos de teste positivo para COVID-19 e ocorrência de internação. Realizou-se Regressão de Poisson. Participaram 15.641 professores. A prevalência de infecção por COVID-19 foi de 1,2%; e foi maior entre as mulheres (RP: 1,69; IC 95%: 1,08;2,66), aqueles com renda de 10 salários ou mais (RP: 2,83; IC95%: 1,40;5,75), plano privado de saúde (RP: 1,52; IC95%: 1,09;2,11), que não receberam informações sobre a COVID-19 (RP: 2,06; IC95%: 1,19;3,58), obesos (RP: 1,55; IC 95%: 1,11;2,17) e cujo amigo ou familiar desenvolveu sintomas graves da COVID-19 (RP: 3,13; IC95%: 2,31;4,24). Entre os infectados, 6,5% foram internados, houve maior prevalência entre grupos de risco da COVID-19 (RP: 1,11; IC95%: 1,02;1,20). Concluindo, a ocorrência da infecção relacionou-se às questões sociodemográficas, acesso a informações, saúde e contatos prévios. Já a internação foi mais prevalente nos considerados grupos de risco para a COVID-19.

The aim of the study was to identify factors associated with the occurrence of confirmed infection and hospitalization due to COVID-19 among public education teachers in Minas Gerais. Cross-sectional study carried out between August and September 2020, via internet. The dependent variables were report of a positive tests for COVID-19 and the occurrence of hospitalization. Poisson Regression was performed. 15,641 teachers participated. The prevalence of infection for COVID-19 was 1.2%, and was higher among women (PR: 1.69, CI 95%: 1.08;2.66), with income of 10 salaries or more (PR: 2.83, CI95%: 1.40;5.75), private health insurance (PR: 1.52, CI95%: 1.09;2.11), who did not receive information about COVID-19 (PR: 2.06, CI95%: 1.19;3.58), obese (PR: 1.55; CI 95%: 1.11;2.17) and whose friend or family member developed severe symptoms of COVID-19 (PR: 3.13, CI95%: 2.31;4.24). Among those infected, 6.5% were hospitalized, there was a higher prevalence among risk groups for COVID-19 (PR: 1.11, CI95%: 1.02;1.20). In conclusion, the occurrence of the infection was related to sociodemographic issues, access to information, health and previous contacts. Hospitalization was more prevalent in groups considered at risk for COVID-19.

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As crianças encontram-se mais vulneráveis quanto à deficiência de micronutrientes, sendo um público prioritário para a destinação de políticas de prevenção de carências nutricionais. Assim, este relato de experiência descreve a implantação da Estratégia de Fortificação da Alimentação Infantil com Micronutrientes em pó (NutriSUS), que visa principalmente combater a anemia ferropriva, dentre outras deficiências nutricionais, enfatizando o cotidiano nas creches participantes da estratégia no decorrer da implantação, bem como, o objetivo do relato. Participaram das descrições sete creches pertencentes ao Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE), que foram contempladas com o NutriSUS. O período de duração da implantação foi de, aproximadamente, um ano. Ressalta-se a importância desse relato no que tange ao fornecimento de subsídio para a promoção dessa estratégia e, também, da parceria entre as Secretarias de Saúde e Educação, contribuindo para o fortalecimento de ações de desenvolvimento integral das crianças.

Children are more vulnerable to micronutrient deficiency, and they are a priority audience for the allocation of policies to prevent nutritional deficiencies. Thus, this experience report describes the implementation of the Strategy for the Fortification of Infant Nutrition with micronutrients powder (Nutrisus), which mainly aims to combat iron deficiency anemia, among other nutritional deficiencies, emphasizing the daily routine in the daycare centers participating in the strategy during the implementation, as well as the objective of the report. Seven daycare centers belonging to the School Health Program (PSE) participated in the descriptions and were included in the Nutrisus program. The study lasted approximately one year, the period in which the implantation took place. We highlight the importance of this report regarding the provision of subsidies to promote this strategy and, also, the partnership between health and education departments, contributing to the strengthening of actions for the development of children as a whole.

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The present study aimed to analyze changes in food consumption among teachers of state schools in Minas Gerais in the context of the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This is a cross-sectional study of teachers at elementary, middle, and high schools in Minas Gerais. An online questionnaire was made available to all participants through the Google Forms platform. For the analysis, sociodemographic, economic, occupational profile, health conditions, and behavioral/habitual variables were used. Food consumption was assessed through the weekly frequency of eating foods considered healthy and unhealthy before and during the pandemic. The changes observed in the frequency were classified as: decreased intake, no change in intake, and increased intake during the pandemic. Statistical analysis was performed using bivariate and multiple analysis using the Multinomial Logistics Regression model. The data were tabulated with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 18.0. A total of 15,641 teachers participated in this study, with an average age of 42.96 (±9.27) years, and most of them were female (81.9%). During the pandemic, approximately 40% reported altered sleep quality and alcohol consumption, and lack of physical activity with 60.4% of the professionals categorized as overweight. During this period, there was an increase in the consumption of sweets (19.5%), soft drinks (13.3%), sausages (12.0%), frozen foods (8.9%), salty foods (6.3%), vegetables (13.1%), fruits (12.6%), and wholegrain products (8.3%). In the regression analysis, several factors were found to be associated with changes in teachers' food consumption in a bidirectional way when associated with variables related to sociodemographic characteristics, occupational profile, general health, and lifestyle.

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A adolescência é um período de diversas transformações, sendo observadas mudanças em relação à nutrição, que podem resultar em excesso de peso corporal. Assim, o estudo teve como objetivo verificar a associação entre excesso de peso corporal e consumo de refrigerante em adolescentes escolares estratificado por sexo. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com estudantes do ensino médio. Utilizou-se um questionário autoaplicável. A variável desfecho foi a mediana do escore de IMC (eutrófico e excesso de peso) e o consumo de refrigerante foi a variável de exposição principal. Foi utilizado o modelo de Poisson, estratificado por sexo. Participaram do estudo 1.225 adolescentes, 53,4% do sexo feminino e 15,6% consumiam refrigerante diariamente. Nos adolescentes eutróficos não houve associação de consumo de refrigerantes e zIMC. Nos meninos com excesso de peso e consumo de refrigerante mais de duas vezes na semana apresentaram maior chance de estarem acima da mediana de zIMC. Os resultados apontaram que o consumo diário de refrigerantes por adolescentes do sexo masculino com excesso de peso pode aumentar as chances de ter zIMC ainda mais alto, reforçando assim, a necessidade de medidas que visem a redução do consumo de refrigerante(AU)

Adolescence is a period of several changes, with changes related to nutrition, which can result in excess body weight. Thus, the study aimed to verify the association between excess body weight and soft drink consumption in school adolescents stratified by sex. This is a cross-sectional study, carried out with high school students. A self-administered questionnaire was used. The outcome variable was the median BMI score (eutrophic and overweight) and soft drink consumption was the main exposure variable. The Poisson model, stratified by sex, was used. The sample consisted of 1,225 adolescents, which 53.4% were female and 15.6% consumed soft drinks daily. In eutrophic adolescents, there was no association between consumption of soft drinks and the BMI Z-score. In overweight boys and soda consumption more than twice a week, they were more likely to be above the BMI Z-score median. The results showed that the daily consumption of soft drinks by overweight male adolescents may increase the chances of having even higher BMI Z-score, thus reinforcing the need for measures aimed at reducing the consumption of soft drinks(AU)

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Esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a introdução de frutas e verduras na alimentação complementar de lactentes. Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, realizado em 2015, envolvendo crianças com idade entre 0 a 24 meses de idade, que frequentam a Estratégia da Saúde da Família de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais. Avaliaram-se as características sociodemográficas e o consumo alimentar de frutas e verduras entre as crianças. Foi aplicado o questionário de frequência de consumo alimentar onde se perguntava em que idade se deu início a ingestão de frutas e verduras, além de aplicar também o recordatório alimentar para avaliar a presença ou ausência do consumo desses alimentos no dia anterior. Participaram deste estudo 545 crianças, sendo 53,9% do sexo masculino. Quanto à introdução de frutas e verduras, observou-se que 52,0% e 24,0% consumiram antes dos seis meses de idade, respectivamente. Neste estudo foi alta a prevalência da introdução precoce de frutas e verduras entre as crianças(AU)

This work aimed to evaluate the introduction of fruits and vegetables in the complementary feeding of infants. This is a cross-sectional study, carried out in 2015, involving children aged 0 to 24 months, who attend the Family Health Strategy of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais. Sociodemographic characteristics and food consumption of fruits and vegetables among children were evaluated. The food consumption frequency questionnaire was applied, asking at what age fruit and vegetable intake started, in addition to applying the food record to assess the presence or absence of consumption of these foods on the previous day. 545 children participated in this study, being 53.9% male. As for the introduction of fruits and vegetables, it was observed that 52.0% and 24.0% consumed before the age of six months, respectively. In this study, the prevalence of early introduction of fruits and vegetables was high among children(AU)

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This cross-sectional study evaluated the quality of life and associated factors of climacteric women in Brazil using a random and representative sample of women assisted by primary care professionals. We investigated the variables using the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire, MENQOL, whose mean scores were compared using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests according to the sample characteristics. The variables associated with the outcomes in univariate analyses with a p≤0.2 were jointly evaluated using multiple linear regression. In this study, 849 women ranging in age from 40 to 65 years were evaluated. The predictors of poor quality of life in the vasomotor domain were women with severe climacteric symptoms (p<0.001), increased Body Mass Index (BMI) (p = 0.006), sleep (p = 0.022), and postmenopausal (p<0.001) alterations. For the psychosocial domain, the associated variables were severe climacteric symptoms (p<0.001) and sleep alterations (p<0.001); for the physical domain, the associated variables were severe climacteric symptoms (p<0.001), increased BMI (p<0.001), sleep (p<0.001), and postmenopausal (p<0.001) alterations. Severe climacteric symptoms, low sleep quality, increased BMI, and postmenopausal status were factors that were more associated with impairments in quality of life. With the increase in life expectancy, we suggest that greater attention should be paid to women's quality of life associated with climacteric symptoms.

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