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In the last decades, the presence of peri-implant diseases (PD) has increased. One of the therapies currently used is probiotics with Lactobacillus reuteri (LR). The aim of this article is to determinate, through a systematic review and meta-analysis, the clinical effectiveness of LR in the treatment of PD. We searched the literature until January 2021, in the biomedical databases: Pubmed, Embase, Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus, SIGLE, LILACS, Google Scholar and Cochrane Central Registry of Clinical Trials. The selection criteria of the studies were: randomized controlled clinical trials, without language and time restriction, reporting the clinical effects (depth to probing, plaque index and bleeding index) of the LR in the PD treatment. The risk of study bias was analyzed through the Cochrane tool for randomized studies using Review Manager software. The search strategy resulted in 6 articles of which four investigated peri-implantitis and three peri-implant mucositis. All studies reported that there was a difference in the depth of the probing in the treatment of PD, in favor of the group using LR, though not always achieving significance. The use of LR can be clinically effective in terms of pocket depth reduction in the treatment of PD.
Assuntos
Implantes Dentários , Limosilactobacillus reuteri , Peri-Implantite , Probióticos , Humanos , Peri-Implantite/terapia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Although oral diseases are mostly preventable, they remain a global public health problem. Thus, there is a need for trained personnel to actively intervene in promoting oral health, to prevent and timeously detect oral diseases, and, in turn, to provide comprehensive quality healthcare. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the knowledge, practices and perceptions regarding oral health preventive measures amongst undergraduate dental students. This cross-sectional study was conducted between the period October 2017 and January 2018. The subjects included were undergraduate students of the dental science program at the School of Dentistry, in Leon Guanajuato, Mexico. A validated questionnaire was used to identify knowledge of preventive dentistry and the frequency of oral health preventive actions in the dental school clinics. Besides, perception towards prevention in dentistry was assessed. A total of N=232 undergraduate students participated of whom 65.9% (N=153) were women. More than half of the students 59.5%, (N=138) rated their knowledge on the prevention of oral diseases as good, followed by 32.8% (N=75) of students who rated it as regular. 49% (N=97) of the students performed frequently preventive treatments in their daily clinical practice. 90% (N=217) think that the main reason of low practice of prevention in dentistry is the lack of commitment of the dentist. 72.8% (N=169) mention that there should be professionals dedicated exclusively to preventive dentistry. Students of second grade demonstrated better prevention knowledge and tended to engage more frequently in preventive activities (p<0.05). In conclusion, our study found that, second-year students perform preventive practices more frequently and these practices decrease as their studies progress. It should be sought to create positive attitudes towards prevention not only in the year in preventive dentistry, but also throughout the entire career. This enables students to become trained professionals that can deliver preventive services to their patients.
Assuntos
Saúde Bucal , Estudantes de Odontologia , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , México , Percepção , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The use of short implants as an alternative to bone reconstruction techniques for the placement of standard-length dental implants is a debated topic. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to assist in the clinical decision making about the most appropriate approach for the fixed rehabilitation of the posterior atrophic partially edentulous lower jaws. Only randomized trials with at least 1-year follow-up were included. Of the 1024 studies initially retrieved, 14 articles were selected and independently evaluated by two reviewers. Finally, four studies were included, and underwent data extraction and meta-analysis with the Bayesian approach. Both treatment approaches provide high implant survival rate after 1year of function. However, the probability of survival rate of short implants being greater than standard length implants is 84%, and the probability of complications using short implants being greater than standard-length implants is 15.7%. In spite of similar survival rates when the residual bone is sufficient for placement of short implants, the latter should be preferred to augmentation techniques and standard-length implants due to fewer complications, lower morbidity and greater comfort for patients.
Assuntos
Perda do Osso Alveolar/cirurgia , Aumento do Rebordo Alveolar/métodos , Teorema de Bayes , Implantes Dentários , Planejamento de Prótese Dentária , Arcada Parcialmente Edêntula/cirurgia , Mandíbula/patologia , Mandíbula/cirurgia , Reconstrução Mandibular/métodos , Atrofia , Falha de Restauração Dentária , Humanos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como AssuntoRESUMO
The maxillary sinus grafting procedure has proven to be an acceptable modality for bone augmentation to provide a base for endosseous implants, routinely used for the rehabilitation of posterior maxilla. Perforation of the membrane is the most common complication in this type of procedure. This paper presents a technique for repairing a perforated Schneiderian membrane with a conjunctive connective tissue graft harvested from the palate and shows the histological and radiographic evaluation of the results. Ten consecutives cases with the occurrence of membrane perforation were included in this study. All were repaired with a flap of tissue removed from the palatine portion near to the surgical site. The technique is demonstrated through a clinical case. The results showed successful integration of 88.8% of the implants after 12 months from prosthesis installation. Histological evaluation of the samples showed that the use of nanocrystalized hydroxyapatite showed an adequate stimulation of boné neoformation within 6 months. Radiographic evaluation revealed a small apical implant bone loss, not compromising their anchorages and proservation. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of conjunctive technique with collected palate flap for sealing the perforation of the membrane of the sinus may have predictable result.
RESUMO
AIM: Occlusal loading has to be considered a key factor influencing bone resorption due to the stress transmitted to surrounding tissues by the implant-abutment structure. The aim of this study was to evaluate, through a photo-elastic investigation, the patterns of tensions distribution of two different implant shapes, which were cylindrical and conical. METHODS: A 100N load was applied to two implant-abutment structures (with and without a metal-ceramic crown) incorporated in photo-elastic resin. Modification in light refraction were recorded and analyzed through a computerized software. Measurements of stripe extension and position were evaluated. RESULTS: Stress distribution around tapered implant was evaluated to be more uniform than in cylindrical one which demonstrated a high stress concentration at the more cervical region and in the apical region. The presence of a metal-ceramic crown caused an increase in tensions at the implant-resin interface. CONCLUSION: Conical implants distributed stresses to a larger and well-defined volume of resin and this can cause a decrease of forces acting at the interface. This could be due to the "wedge effect" of this fixture shape which could be considered superior in terms of stress distribution than cylindrical one.