RESUMO
The follow-up of HBV markers in selected high infection risk populations, in patients from the hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis services was used to assess the effectiveness of a special vaccination program. Viral infection markers were studied in prevalence cross sections of the whole population of patients, and also by recording the reports of clinical cases of hepatitis B occurred during that period in those groups of patients. The prevention program consisted of the vaccination of all patients negative to the viral markers and the indication of vaccination for the new cases during the period of the kidney disease, just before the start of the treatment at the hemodialysis unit; besides all the persons susceptible to infection that had already been included in the program, regardless of the stage of the disease. The results show the benefit of the vaccination in these patients, but it is more effective in the period before the treatment with dialysis where there is a lower possibility of being exposed to the virus and the immune system is still competent. Once the program was established, after a follow up o 6 years, there have been no reports of new cases of hepatitis B and the incidence of the disease has been declining.
Assuntos
Hepatite C/prevenção & controle , Programas de Imunização/organização & administração , Diálise Renal , Adulto , Biomarcadores/análise , Cuba/epidemiologia , Seguimentos , Hepacivirus/imunologia , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite B/análise , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/análise , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Humanos , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de SaúdeRESUMO
A controlled clinical trial, corresponding to stage 2, was conducted in a population of sound adult males aged 18-23 to evaluate the immunogenicity of 5 schedules of Cuban vaccine against hepatitis B (Heberbiovac-HB [correction of Cheberbiovac-HB]). 5 groups were studied: I (control group 0, 1 and 6 months), II (0 and 2 months), III (0 and 4 months), IV (0 and 6 months), and V (0 and 8 months). The results showed no significant differences as regards the percentage of seroprotection of any of the groups of 2 doses compared with the control of 3 doses. It is concluded that between the first and the second dose there may be a period of time from 2 to 6 months with no need to reinitiate the schedule. This information will serve as a basis for a population based study to determine which schedule is the best to be used.