RESUMO
While the rapid spread of Zika virus (ZIKV) in South America has been declared a public health emergency few data are available on the kinetics of the virus load and the specific antibodies in individual patients. This report describes the kinetics of ZIKV decay in the body compartments and the kinetics of anti ZIKV IgG and IgM of two people returning from Martinique, French West Indies. ZIKV remained detectable in the plasma for roughly 2 weeks indicating that mosquito control measures should be prolonged accordingly. Remarkably, their urine samples consistently tested positive for even longer. The antibodies responses were different between the two patients but for both the rapid onset of IgM allowed a diagnosis from the end of the first week.
Assuntos
Doenças Transmissíveis Importadas/virologia , Carga Viral , Infecção por Zika virus/virologia , Zika virus/isolamento & purificação , Idoso , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Características da Família , Feminino , França , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Imunoglobulina M/sangue , Masculino , Martinica , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Plasma/virologia , Saliva/virologia , Fatores de Tempo , Urina/virologiaRESUMO
Cutaneous leishmaniasis, leprosy, and tuberculosis are caused by intracellular pathogens whose development depends on impaired cell-mediated immunity. We report an exceptional triple association of American cutaneous leishmaniasis, lepromatous leprosy, and pulmonary tuberculosis in a man with no recognized immunodeficiency. Normal immunological assessment of the interferon-gamma pathway does not support the hypothesis of a genetic defect in any of the genes involved in the T helper (Th)-1 cytokine cascade in this patient. Unresponsiveness to interleukin (IL)-12 of his T cells after stimulation with Leishmania guyanensis, Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin, and Mycobacterium leprae antigens suggested the inability to mount an appropriate Th cell response to upregulate the IL-12 receptor expression.