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Abstract Materialism has been recognized as an important variable in postmodern societies; however, most of the studies on this concept have focused on the adult population. The aim of the present study is to determine the possible association between materialism and life satisfaction, and the possible mediating role of attitudes towards money and peer influence in this association, in a sample of Chilean adolescents. A sample of 1325 Chilean secondary school students completed a questionnaire measuring materialism, attitudes in regards with money, susceptibility to peer influence, and satisfaction with life. First, a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to validate the scalers. Secondly, a theoretical model was tested using Hayes (2013) SPSS macro, PROCESS. The theoretical model included materialism as the predictor variable, satisfaction with life as the predicted variable, and attitudes towards money and susceptibility to peer influence as mediator variables. Results indicate that materialistic attitudes regarding money strengthens a negative relation between materialism and satisfaction with life. This tendency is not observed in susceptibility to peer influence despite being positively associated with materialism and attitudes regarding money. These findings suggest that the variables materialism and attitudes regarding money play a relevant role in the life satisfaction of Chilean adolescents.

Resumen El materialismo se ha reconocido como una variable importante en sociedades posmodernas, sin embargo, la mayor parte de los estudios respecto a este concepto se han centrado en población adulta. El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar la posible asociación entre materialismo y satisfacción con la vida, y el posible rol mediador de las actitudes hacia el dinero y la influencia de pares en dicha asociación, en una muestra de adolescentes chilenos 1325 estudiantes de secundaria completaron un cuestionario que media materialismo, actitudes hacia el dinero, susceptibilidad a la influencia de pares, y satisfacción con la vida. En primer lugar, se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio para validar las escalas utilizadas. En segundo lugar, se probó un modelo teórico utilizando la macro PROCESS de SPSS de Hayes (2013). El modelo teórico consideró materialismo como variable predictora, satisfacción con la vida como variable predicha, y actitudes hacia el dinero, y susceptibilidad a la influencia de pares como variables mediadoras. Los resultados indican que actitudes materialistas hacia el dinero fortalecen una asociación negativa entre materialismo y satisfacción con la vida. Esta tendencia no se observa en susceptibilidad a la influencia de pares a pesar de estar asociada positivamente con materialismo y actitudes hacia el dinero. Estos Hallazgos sugieren que las variables materialismo y actitudes hacia el dinero juegan un rol relevante en la satisfacción con la vida de adolescentes chilenos.

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Abstract Introduction/objective: The paper sought to identify the predictor variables of changes in habits and behaviours of responsible consumption in students of Pedagogy of History and Geography in the city of Temuco, Chile. Method: The sample comprised of 110 students divided into an experimental (n = 68) and a control (n = 42) group. Pre-and post-intervention measurements were considered, within the framework of a pilot financial education programme for students of Pedagogy of History and Geography. Analyses included Multilevel Mixed Effects Analyses, which evaluated the predicting power of attitudes towards purchasing, materialism, self-discrepancy and levels of financial literacy regarding behavioural change in responsible consumption. Results: The results set forth rationality (a subscale of attitudes toward purchasing), and centrality (a subscale of materialism) as significant predictors of behavioural changes in purchasing. Conclusions: These results suggest guidelines for interventions to promote responsible consumption in university students.

Resumen Introducción/objetivo: Este artículo buscó identificar las variables predictoras de los cambios en hábitos y conductas de consumo responsable en estudiantes de Pedagogía en Historia y Geografía en la ciudad de Temuco, Chile. Método: La muestra se conformó por 110 estudiantes divididos en un grupo experimental (n = 68) y uno control (n = 42). Se consideraron mediciones pre y post intervención, en el marco de un programa piloto de educación financiera para estudiantes de Pedagogía en Historia y Geografía. Se incluyeron análisis de efectos mixtos multinivel, que evaluaron el poder de predicción de las actitudes hacia la compra, el materialismo, la discrepancia del yo, y los niveles de alfabetización financiera sobre el cambio en las conductas de consumo responsable. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que racionalidad (una subescala de las actitudes hacia la compra) y centralidad (una subescala de materialismo) son los predictores significativos de los cambios comportamentales en la compra. Conclusiones: Estos resultados sugieren posibles pautas de intervención para promover el consumo responsable en estudiantes universitarios.

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The aim of the study was to evaluate the relation between prosocialness and happiness in a sample of student teachers (N=224, age=21.42). Adapted versions of a prosocialness scale and another on happiness were used. A structural equations model was estimated that presented a suitable fit (CFI=0.951; TLI=0.944 and RMSEA=0.065). The results yielded a positive relation between prosocialness and happiness. Its implications for initial teacher training are discussed.

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Abstract The present study aimed at determining the association between life satisfaction and subjective happiness while controlling for social desirability, and to explore whether overall satisfaction with life can be predicted by satisfaction with life dimensions while controlling for social desirability. The study had a quantitative, non-experimental cross-sectional design, with 279 participants from different universities of the Council of Rectors of Chile recruited through a non-probabilistic sampling method for convenience. The participants completed an online questionnaire that inquired about their global and dimensional satisfaction with life, subjective happiness, social desirability, and sociodemographic variables. The data was analysed using partial correlations and multiple regression analyses. Bivariate correlation results indicate weak and direct associations between social desirability and life satisfaction and subjective happiness, and a strong and direct association between the latter. According to the results of the partial correlation analysis, the association between life satisfaction and subjective happiness is maintained even when social convenience is controlled. The results of the multiple regression analyses indicate that although social desirability predicts life satisfaction by itself, when satisfaction with life dimensions is added to the model, social desirability loses its predictive power. In conclusion, although social desirability is associated with the two components, affective and cognitive, of subjective well-being, this association loses predictive power when other variables are considered in predictive models. Study limitations include a relatively low reliability score on the social desirability scale, possible bias due to the study's self-report design and sampling method used. The present study aimed at determining the association between life satisfaction and subjective happiness while controlling for social desirability, and to explore whether overall satisfaction with life can be predicted by satisfaction with life dimensions while controlling for social desirability. The study had a quantitative, non-experimental cross-sectional design, with 279 participants from different universities of the Council of Rectors of Chile recruited through a non-probabilistic sampling method for convenience. The participants completed an online questionnaire that inquired about their global and dimensional satisfaction with life, subjective happiness, social desirability, and sociodemographic variables. The data was analysed using partial correlations and multiple regression analyses. Bivariate correlation results indicate weak and direct associations between social desirability and life satisfaction and subjective happiness, and a strong and direct association between the latter. According to the results of the partial correlation analysis, the association between life satisfaction and subjective happiness is maintained even when social convenience is controlled. The results of the multiple regression analyses indicate that although social desirability predicts life satisfaction by itself, when satisfaction with life dimensions is added to the model, social desirability loses its predictive power. In conclusion, although social desirability is associated with the two components, affective and cognitive, of subjective well-being, this association loses predictive power when other variables are considered in predictive models. Study limitations include a relatively low reliability score on the social desirability scale, possible bias due to the study's self-report design and sampling method used.

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ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were to identify adolescent profiles based on their dietary restraint behavior. A sample of 470 mothers with one child between 10 and 17 years of age were surveyed in Chile. Questionnaires included the Revised Restraint Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Satisfaction with Food-related Life scale, Satisfaction with Family Life scale and the Adapted Healthy Eating Index. The results of the Latent Class Analysis yielded two classes: dieters and non-dieters. Dieters had a higher mean age, higher proportion of overweight and obesity and lower scores on the satisfaction with life and food-related life. Families from the dieters class had a lower frequency of family dinners. Their mothers had higher weight fluctuation and rates of obesity. The results suggest that interventions aimed at reducing overweight/obesity and dietary restraint in adolescents and intended to improve adolescent subjective well-being must include both the mother and the adolescent, regardless of sex.

RESUMEN Los objetivos de este estudio fueron identificar perfiles de adolescentes basados en su comportamiento de restricción alimentaria. Se encuestó a una muestra de 470 madres con un hijo entre 10 y 17 años en Chile. Los cuestionarios incluyeron la Escala Revisada de Restricción, la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida, la Escala de Satisfacción con la Alimentación, la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida Familiar y el Índice de Alimentación Saludable Adaptado. Los resultados del análisis de clases latentes arrojaron dos tipos: dietantes y no dietantes. Los dietantes tuvieron una edad media más alta, mayor proporción de sobrepeso y obesidad y puntuaciones más bajas en la satisfacción con la vida y con la alimentación. Las familias de los dietantes tuvieron una menor frecuencia de cenas familiares. Sus madres tuvieron una mayor fluctuación de peso y tasas de obesidad. Los resultados sugieren que las intervenciones dirigidas a reducir la obesidad/sobrepeso y la restricción alimentaria en adolescentes y destinadas a mejorar el bienestar subjetivo de los adolescentes deben incluir tanto a la madre como al adolescente, independientemente del género.

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BACKGROUND: The Chilean population is aging rapidly. This socio-demographic change imposes psychosocial and economic challenges that are relevant for the health care of older people. AIM: To assess the association between perceived financial situation, perceived social support by friends, and age with health self-perception in older people. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A questionnaire about health self-perception, financial situation, and social support perceived by friends was applied to 383 occupationally active adults aged 68 ± 5 years (66% women) living in urban areas of Southern Chile. A gender-based multi-group path model was specified, which evaluated the association of health self-perception with the assessment of the financial situation, social support, and age. RESULTS: The final model was moderated by gender. However, age was not associated with health self-perception. For men and women, the perceived financial situation showed a positive association with health self-perception. The perceived social support of friends was only significant for women. CONCLUSIONS: The financial situation and friends' support (among women) are factors that should be considered in the evaluation of the health perception of older adults.

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Background: The Chilean population is aging rapidly. This socio-demographic change imposes psychosocial and economic challenges that are relevant for the health care of older people. Aim: To assess the association between perceived financial situation, perceived social support by friends, and age with health self-perception in older people. Material and Methods: A questionnaire about health self-perception, financial situation, and social support perceived by friends was applied to 383 occupationally active adults aged 68 ± 5 years (66% women) living in urban areas of Southern Chile. A gender-based multi-group path model was specified, which evaluated the association of health self-perception with the assessment of the financial situation, social support, and age. Results: The final model was moderated by gender. However, age was not associated with health self-perception. For men and women, the perceived financial situation showed a positive association with health self-perception. The perceived social support of friends was only significant for women. Conclusions: The financial situation and friends' support (among women) are factors that should be considered in the evaluation of the health perception of older adults.

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This study explored the associations between family support and satisfaction with life, food-related life and family life. It also assessed the associations between both parents' work-life balance and satisfaction with life, food-related life and family life among adolescent children from dual-earner families. Questionnaires were administered to 303 dual-earner families with one child between 10 and 17 years in Temuco, Chile. Adolescents answered the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Satisfaction with Food-related Life scale (SWFoL), Satisfaction with Family Life scale (SWFaL) and the Family subscale of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Both parents answered the Work-life Balance (WLB) scale. Using structural equation modelling and having controlled for adolescents' gender, age and socioeconomic status, we confirmed that adolescent life satisfaction is associated with satisfaction with family life and food-related life. Food-related life satisfaction and family life satisfaction had complete mediating roles between perceived family support and adolescents' life satisfaction. Satisfaction with food-related life also had a complete mediating role between both parents' WLB and adolescents' life satisfaction. Satisfaction with family life had a complete mediating role between mothers' WLB and adolescents' life satisfaction. In addition, mothers' WLB was positively associated with perceived family support among adolescents. These findings suggest the need to improve family support and work-life balance among mothers in order to enhance adolescents' satisfaction with different domains of life in dual-earner families.

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ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to distinguish university student profiles according to life satisfaction and satisfaction with food-related life and family, as well as to determine whether profiles differ in terms of their family support, quality of diet, body mass index (BMI) and socio-demographic characteristics. A questionnaire was applied to a non-probabilistic sample of 370 students of both sexes (mean age 21.1 years, 54.2% female) in Chile, including Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Satisfaction with Food-related Life (SWFoL) scale, Satisfaction with Family Life (SWFaL) scale, Family Resources Scale (FRS) and the Adapted Healthy Eating Index (AHEI). Three student types were distinguished with significant differences in average values of SWLS, SWFoL and SWFaL scales, z-scores from the intangible resources subscale from the FRS and average AHEI score. These profiles also differed in place of residence, dinner frequency at place of residence and BMI. Higher life satisfaction levels, as well as food-related life satisfaction, family life satisfaction, and intangible family support, were associated with a higher quality diet, lower BMI, living with parents while at university, and having dinner more frequently at home.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este trabajo fue distinguir perfiles de estudiantes universitarios según su nivel de satisfacción con la vida, satisfacción con la alimentación y satisfacción con la vida familiar, y determinar si los perfiles difieren en términos del apoyo familiar, calidad de la dieta, índice de masa corporal y características sociodemográficas. Se aplicó un cuestionario a una muestra no probabilística de 370 estudiantes de ambos sexos (edad promedio 21,1 años; 54,2% mujeres) en Temuco, Chile, incluyendo la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida (SWLS), Escala de Satisfacción con la Alimentación (SWFoL), Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida Familiar (SWFaL), Escala de Recursos Familiares (FRS) y el Indice de Alimentación Saludable Adaptado (AHEI). Se distinguieron tres tipologías de estudiantes con diferencias significativas en los puntajes promedio de las escalas SWLS, SWFoL, SWFaL, puntajes z de la subescala recursos intangibles de la FRS y en los puntajes promedio del AHEI. Los perfiles también difirieron en el lugar de residencia, frecuencia de cenas en el lugar de residencia y en el índice de masa corporal (IMC). Mayores niveles de satisfacción vital, satisfacción con la alimentación, con la vida familiar y apoyo familiar en recursos intangibles se relacionaron con una dieta de mayor calidad, menor IMC, vivir con los padres durante el periodo de estudios y con una mayor frecuencia de cenas en el hogar.

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The objectives of the present study were to identify adolescent classes based on perceptions of their family's eating habits and to determine whether these classes differ in terms of family meal frequency and source, parents and adolescent diet quality, nutritional status, satisfaction with life, family life and food-related life. Questionnaires were administered to a sample of 300 two-parent families with one child between 10 and 17 years in Chile. Questionnaires included the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the Satisfaction with Food-related Life scale (SWFoL), the Satisfaction with Family Life scale (SWFaL) and the Adapted Healthy Eating Index (AHEI). Adolescents also answered the Family Eating Habits Questionnaire (FEHQ). Latent class (LC) analysis was used to estimate the number of classes associated with the adolescent's perceptions about their family's eating habits, based on the three factors detected in the FEHQ. The LC analysis yielded three classes: "medium cohesion around family meals/healthy food-related parenting practices" (Class 1, 50.4%), "high cohesion around family meals/healthy food-related parenting practices" (Class 2, 25.9%) and "high cohesion around family meals/unhealthy food-related parenting practices" (Class 3, 23.7%). Classes also differed in the adolescents AHEI score, frequency and source of family meals; body mass index, SWLS and SWFaL scores in mothers, fathers and adolescents, adolescent sex and household financial situation. These findings suggest that frequent and cohesive family meals improve the well-being in both parents and adolescents, but are not enough to achieve healthier diets and weight statuses in adolescents.

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