RESUMO
The symptoms of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and broader personality trait domains such as negative emotionality (NEM) may prove detrimental for marital quality. Previous research with European Americans has found that ASPD negatively predicts couple functioning, even when controlling for NEM. The current study extends previous work by testing whether ASPD (as well as a history of early conduct disorder) and NEM are related to marital quality trajectories in a sample of 450 Mexican-origin couples followed over 9 years. Consistent with other studies, there was a slight average decline in relationship quality over the course of the study along with differences between couples in the initial level of relationship quality and rate of change. Results indicated that NEM was a stronger correlate of initial levels of marital quality than ASPD. Findings underscore the relevance of NEM as a personality trait domain relevant for relationships.
Assuntos
Transtorno da Personalidade Antissocial/diagnóstico , Casamento/psicologia , Emoções , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Americanos MexicanosRESUMO
Parent-child interactions are likely influenced by the personality characteristics of both the parent and the child. However, questions remain concerning the bidirectional nature of these effects (e.g., does a child's personality evoke changes in his or her parent's behavior?). Furthermore, the existing literature is based primarily on European American children and generally relies on questionnaire measures of parent-child interactions rather than assessing behavior during observed interactions. To address these gaps in the literature, the authors evaluated reciprocal associations between personality traits and observed interactions between Mexican origin adolescents (N = 674) and their parents in 5th- and 7th-grade using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (Kenny, Kashy, & Cook, 2006). Adolescent effortful control and aggressiveness were associated with adolescent warmth and hostility (i.e., actor effects) and parent warmth and hostility (i.e., partner effects). Thus, adolescents with poor self-control seem to evoke more negative behaviors from their parents than adolescents with better self-control. Parental extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism predicted parent warmth (actor effects), but there was little evidence that parent personality was associated with specific adolescent behaviors (partner effects). These results help to clarify how personality attributes are associated with adolescent relationships. (PsycINFO Database Record
Assuntos
Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Americanos Mexicanos/psicologia , Relações Pais-Filho , Pais/psicologia , Personalidade , Adolescente , Adulto , California , Feminino , Hostilidade , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Americanos Mexicanos/estatística & dados numéricos , Inventário de Personalidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Previous studies suggest that temperamental dispositions are associated with substance use. However, most research supporting this association has relied on European American samples (Stautz & Cooper, 2013). We addressed this gap by evaluating the prospective relations between 5th grade temperament and 9th grade substance use in a longitudinal sample of Mexican-origin youth (N = 674). Effortful control and trait aggressiveness predicted 9th grade substance use, intentions, and expectations, even after controlling for 5th grade substance use. Additionally, we found an interaction between temperament and parental monitoring such that monitoring is a protective factor for early substance use primarily for youth with temperamental tendencies associated with risk for substance use (e.g., low effortful control and aggression). Results add to the growing literature demonstrating that early manifestations of self-control are related to consequential life outcomes.
Assuntos
Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Americanos Mexicanos/psicologia , Poder Familiar/psicologia , Autocontrole , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/psicologia , Temperamento , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Agressão/psicologia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Americanos Mexicanos/etnologia , Americanos Mexicanos/estatística & dados numéricos , Relações Pais-Filho , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/prevenção & controleRESUMO
The present study examined the relation between self-esteem and temperament in a sample of 646 Mexican-American early adolescents (mean age=10.4). Findings show that (a) early adolescents with high self-esteem exhibit higher levels of Effortful Control but, contrary to findings in adult samples, do not differ from low self-esteem adolescents in Negative Affectivity; (b) low self-esteem is associated with Depression; and (c) low self-esteem is associated with Aggression. These findings replicated for boys and girls, two measures of self-esteem, and child and mother reports of temperament. The present study contributes to an emerging understanding of the link between self-esteem and temperament, and provides much needed data on the nature of self-esteem in ethnic minority populations.