RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The methimazole has long been used for treating Graves' disease to decrease thyroid hormone production and obtain a thyroid normofunction, but this drug has also immunosuppressive and immunomodulation effects. OBJECTIVE: To analyze in patients with Graves' disease treated with methimazole and allergic rhinitis, the clinical evolution of the allergic rhinitis with the immunosuppressive and immunomodulation effects of the methimazole. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A comparative and observational study was done in the Mexico's General Hospital, in twenty-six patients with Graves' disease treated with methimazole 10 mg, thyroid profile was done, and when subjects obtained a thyroid normofunction continued with the same doses of methimazole and received also 12.5 mcg/day of levothyroxine. All the patients were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis, and they were divided into two groups (11 females and 2 males each). Both groups continued with the same treatment of methimazole and levothyroxine, but group II was given also antihistamines H1 of second-generation (loratadine) daily, and specific immunotherapy during six months. We described and compared the clinical evolution of the allergic rhinitis of the two groups with the treatment. RESULTS: In the group I, changes in the clinical evolution of the allergic rhinitis after six months were not observed. In the group II, by week 10 the symptoms of the allergic rhinitis were controlled in 80% of the patients, and by week 14 all the patients of this group were asymptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with allergic rhinitis and Graves' diseases with methimazole-thyroid normofunction we observed that there is not influence of methimazole on clinical evolution of the allergic rhinitis.
Assuntos
Antitireóideos/farmacologia , Doença de Graves/tratamento farmacológico , Fatores Imunológicos/farmacologia , Metimazol/farmacologia , Rinite Alérgica Perene/complicações , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Antialérgicos/uso terapêutico , Antitireóideos/uso terapêutico , Terapia Combinada , Dessensibilização Imunológica , Feminino , Doença de Graves/complicações , Doença de Graves/imunologia , Humanos , Loratadina/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Metimazol/uso terapêutico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Rinite Alérgica Perene/tratamento farmacológico , Rinite Alérgica Perene/terapia , Tiroxina/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
This is a case report of a woman of 38 years old, studied and analyzed at the service of allergy and immunology with clinical manifestations of allergic rhinitis; studies of laboratory, cabinet and intradermal test were made to corroborate this diagnosis and the treatment with specific hyposensitization, oral antihistaminines and inhaled steroids was started. Two years later the patient referred urinary retention without important antecedents, so, a peripheral anticholinergic syndrome (PAS) was suspected, a urodynamic test study was carried out consisting in a uroflujometry, static and dynamic urethral profile, cystometry, flow pressure study and electromyography, which diagnosed low urinary obstruction (functional) and vesical sphincter pseudodysfunction, demonstrating the PAS associated with oral antihistamines.
Assuntos
Sintomas Afetivos/induzido quimicamente , Antialérgicos/efeitos adversos , Butirofenonas/efeitos adversos , Caquexia/induzido quimicamente , Antagonistas Colinérgicos/efeitos adversos , Antagonistas não Sedativos dos Receptores H1 da Histamina/efeitos adversos , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos H1/efeitos adversos , Cetotifeno/efeitos adversos , Loratadina/efeitos adversos , Piperidinas/efeitos adversos , Rinite Alérgica Perene/tratamento farmacológico , Retenção Urinária/induzido quimicamente , Adulto , Sintomas Afetivos/diagnóstico , Sintomas Afetivos/fisiopatologia , Antialérgicos/administração & dosagem , Antialérgicos/uso terapêutico , Butirofenonas/administração & dosagem , Butirofenonas/uso terapêutico , Caquexia/diagnóstico , Caquexia/fisiopatologia , Antagonistas Colinérgicos/administração & dosagem , Antagonistas Colinérgicos/uso terapêutico , Erros de Diagnóstico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos H1/administração & dosagem , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos H1/farmacologia , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos H1/uso terapêutico , Antagonistas não Sedativos dos Receptores H1 da Histamina/administração & dosagem , Antagonistas não Sedativos dos Receptores H1 da Histamina/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Cetotifeno/administração & dosagem , Cetotifeno/uso terapêutico , Loratadina/administração & dosagem , Loratadina/uso terapêutico , Furoato de Mometasona , Transtornos do Humor/diagnóstico , Piperidinas/administração & dosagem , Piperidinas/uso terapêutico , Pregnadienodiois/administração & dosagem , Pregnadienodiois/uso terapêutico , Receptores Muscarínicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores Muscarínicos/fisiologia , Retenção Urinária/diagnóstico , Retenção Urinária/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Under the heading of this subject we deal with stings by arthropods, making of bees, commenting on the composition of the poisons and the different local and general reactions that are differences that exist between the stings The venom contains many biologically active components such as melitin, phospholipase A2, apamin, mast cell degranulation peptide, hyaluronidase, histamine, and dopamine. That neurotoxic venom secretory phospholipases A2 (sPLA2) have specific receptors in brain membranes called N-type receptors that are likely to play a role in the molecular events leading to neurotoxicity of these proteins. The sPLA2 found in honeybee venom is neurotoxic and binds to this receptor with high affinity. Poneratoxin is small neuropeptide found in the venom of arthropod (bee). It is stored in the venom reservoir as a inactive 25 residue peptide. Here we describe both chemically synthesized poneratoxin, insect larvae were paralyzed by injection of either of the purified toxins. These toxins are used in research as molecular probes, targeting with high affinity selected ion channel subtypes. As such, they are very useful for understanding the mechanism of synaptic transmission. Poneratoxin affects the voltage-dependent sodium channels and blocks the synaptic transmission in the insect central nervous system in a concentration-dependent manner; we think that in the human this is same.
Assuntos
Anafilaxia/induzido quimicamente , Venenos de Abelha/efeitos adversos , Abelhas , Hipersensibilidade/etiologia , Mordeduras e Picadas de Insetos/complicações , Síndromes Neurotóxicas/diagnóstico , Síndromes Neurotóxicas/etiologia , Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The maize (zea mays) is considered one of the fundamental nutrients in the diet of the Mexican population. It can cause allergic reactions, according to reports from countries other than Mexico. OBJECTIVE: To know the participation of maize in the etiology of allergic disease and the incidence of positivity to its antigens by cutaneous tests, in Mexican patients. METHODS: Six hundred sixty-one patients were studied. There were obtained a complete clinical history and samples for laboratory tests, as well as the results of cutaneous tests. RESULTS: Of 661 patients, 56 (8.5%) manifested allergic symptoms attributable to maize, which correlated (p < 0.0001) with a positive cutaneous response to its antigens. Fifty (88%) of them worked with maize and had a significant relative risk value (RR=102). The remaining six patients did not work with maize, four of them were included in the group who had a positive response for both allergens (n = 25), and two in that one with positive response for only one of these allergens (n = 100). CONCLUSIONS: The low frequency (8.5%) to which the allergic disease was attributed to maize, and the strong association (88%) with workers of maize induce us to consider the influence of some differences concerning to the cereal, such as physical characteristics, years and frequency to contact with, and specially to its entrance route. In fact, it plays an important role in the development of either toleragenic or immunogenic response to an antigen.