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In retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) type I, the use of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB), which is an inhibitor of endothelial growth factor (VEGF), has become popular despite not being a therapy approved by regulatory agencies. However, IVB has shown positive effects in halting disease progression at lower costs compared to other anti-VEGF therapies (ranibizumab or aflibercept). In this report, we present the experience during the treatment with IVB of 102 Colombian children with ROP type I, with a success rate of 98% (100). Complications occurred in 3.9% (4). Finally, we conclude that a single dose of IVB is an effective therapy for the management of ROP type I, with a lower risk of complications and retreatment.

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Canine cutaneous leishmaniasis (CCL) is an emerging zoonotic infection endemic in several countries of the world. Due to variable response to therapy and frequency of relapses, a more effective, safer, and inexpensive treatment is needed. Recently, it was reported that the hederagenin glucoside saponins (SS) and chromane-derived hydrazone (TC2) combined in a 1:1 ratio has high potential in antileishmanial therapy since both compounds alter the survival of Leishmania and the ability to infect adjacent macrophage. Not only the skin permeation and the absorption of an ointment containing 2% TC2 and 2% SS (w/w) was determined in this work, but also the acute dermal toxicity in both in vitro and in vivo assays. Last, the effectiveness and safety of the topical therapy with 2% TC2-2% SS ointment was evaluated in an observational study in dogs with diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Both TC2 and SS diffused through pig ear skin and traces of TC2 (but not SS) were detected in the stratum corneum of mice at 6-24 h. Neither TC2 nor SS was detected in plasma. The acute dermal toxicity was negative. Treatment with 2% TC2-2% SS ointment produced a complete long-term clinical cure in 56 dogs (24 females and 32 males) from the Orinoco and Amazonas regions in southeastern Colombia without adverse effects. All dogs have remained disease-free for the last 24 months. In conclusion, these results support the use of this topical therapy as a safer and new first-line local treatment of CCL that could help limit the spread of CL from dogs to humans.

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Massive rotator cuff injuries (LMMRs) are those breaks of more than 5 cm either the anteroposterior plane, or lateromedial plane. Some authors consider them to be complete ruptures of at least two rotator cuff tendons. The clinical case of a 63-year-old man with this type of injury that was resolved by the superior capsule reconstruction technique is presented, technical details and some of the literature review to carry out the procedure are shown.

Las lesiones masivas del manguito rotador (LMMR) son aquellas roturas de más de 5 cm ya sea el plano anteroposterior o lateromedial. Algunos autores las consideran como roturas completas de al menos dos tendones del maguito rotador. Se presenta el caso clínico de un varón de 63 años con este tipo de lesión que se resolvió mediante la técnica de reconstrucción de cápsula superior, se muestran detalles técnicos y un poco de la revisión de la literatura para llevar a cabo el procedimiento.

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In this article we present a compilation of U-Pb zircon ages of the whole Xolapa terrane in coastal southern Mexico (dataset 1) as a curved line, obtained from plotting individual zircon grains versus its corresponding age. We identified five low-slope segments of the curved line, each one assigned to a high zircon-production (or preservation) event (HZE). Crystallization temperatures (CT) from Ti-in-zircon geothermometer data on Xolapa rocks were estimated separately from individual zircon grains (dataset 2), in order to compare CT ranges corresponding to each HZE identified. Datasets 1 and 2 are discussed for tectonic implications in the research article "The opening and closure of the Jurassic-Cretaceous Xolapa basin, southern Mexico" Peña-Alonso et al., 2017.

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RESUMEN Propósito: Según las prácticas y significados masculinopaternos, determinar la posición social del hombre dentro de la alimentación de infantes hasta con 2 años de edad. Materiales y métodos: enfoque cualitativo y psicosocial de tipo fenomenológico. Aplicación de entrevistas a profundidad a hombres-padres entre los 20 y 40 años de edad. El análisis de datos fue a través de la teoría fundamentada. Se derivaron las categorías: a) Percepción de la paternidad y su relación con la masculinidad, b) Prácticas del hombre-padre en la alimentación y el cuidado del infante, y c) Dinámica familiar. Resultados: el rol del hombre que es padre, es el de proveedor y responsable de la seguridad alimentaria de sus hijos(as), llevándolo a presentar una percepción de la masculinidad directamente vinculada a la situación económica personal. Conclusión: Más allá de garantizar seguridad alimentaria, el hombre-padre ha ido construyendo una nueva identidad masculina que le permite participar a su manera en la alimentación de sus hijos y verse como un igual con su pareja en la crianza y cuidado de los mismos.

ABSTRACT Purpose: Determine the social position of the father with respect to the feeding of children up to 2 years of age, according to male-paternal practices and meanings. Materials and methods: Qualitative and psychosocial approaches using phenomenological methods. We conducted in-depth interviews with fathers between 20 and 40 years of age. Data analysis was based on Grounded Theory. Derived categories: a) Perceptions of paternity and its relationship with masculinity, b) Practices of the father in feeding and care of the infant,and c) Family dynamics. Results: The role of the father was to be the provider and to be responsible for the food security of his children; perceptions of masculinity were connected with personal economic situation. Conclusion: Beyond guaranteeing food security, fathers have been building a new masculine identity that allows him to participate, in his way, in the feeding of his children and to see himself as an equal with his partner in the raising and the caring of children.

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ResumenMicropterus salmoides es una especie muy apreciada en la acuacultura y pesca deportiva, sin embargo, no existen estudios sistemáticos sobre los parásitos en México. El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue describir la prevalencia, abundancia e intensidad de los metazoarios parásitos de M. salmoides y su asociación con el factor de condición y el sexo. El tamaño de muestra fue de 672 hospederos, recolectados entre 2011-2013 de los siguientes reservorios de Nuevo León, México: Presa Rodrigo Gómez (“La Boca”, LB); Presa Cuchillo-Solidaridad (CS), Laguna Salinillas (LS), Presa Mariano Escobedo (“Sombreretillo”, S), y Presa José López Portillo (“Cerro Prieto”, CP). Los peces fueron transportados vivos al laboratorio, se les registró el tamaño y peso para calcular el coeficiente de condición de Fulton (k). El sexo también se registró cuando fue posible. Los parásitos fueron detectados con el estereoscopio, recolectados y preservados con las técnicas parasitológicas tradicionales. Se calcularon los análisis estadísticos de asociación entre la carga parasitaria, sexo y factor de condición usando X2 y la prueba de t de Student. Los resultados mostraron la identificación de 12 metazoarios diferentes: dos tremátodos (Posthodiplostomum minimum centrarchi y Phyllodistomum pearsei); un céstodo (Proteocephalus ambloplitis); tres nemátodos (Contracaecum sp.; Spinitectus carolini y Philometra nodulosa); dos acantocéfalos (Neoechinorhynchus cylindratus y Arhythmorhynchus sp.); un hirudineo (Myzobdella moorei) y tres copépodos (Ergasilus versicolor; Ergasilus arthrosis y Ergasilus cerastes). La prueba de Tukey HSD mostró que los peces infectados de LB fueron significativamente diferentes a los de LS, CS, CP y S (P < 0.05). Los parásitos que se recolectaron más comúnmente en las cinco localidades fueron: P. m. centrarchi, Contracaecum sp., y E. versicolor. La frecuencia de P. m. centrarchi fue altamente significativa (P < 0.001) en comparación con los otros parásitos; además presentó la más elevada prevalencia (97.5 %), abundancia (10.12-83.6) e intensidad (15.4488.5). Se encontró asociación estadística entre la intensidad y abundancia de los metazoarios con respecto al sexo femenino y tamaño en los cinco reservorios (t= 143.82, P = 0.0001; t= 2.6, P= 0.01, respectivamente). Además, la abundancia e intensidad mostraron asociación estadística con respecto a k, lo cual fue proporcionalmente significativo. Se incluyen nuevos registros de localidad para P. m. centrarchi, P. pearsei, P. ambloplitis, Contracaecum sp., Arhythmorhynchus sp. y E. cerastes. Además, P. nodulosa, S. carolini, N. cylindratus, y E. arthrosis se consideran como nuevos registros para México.

AbstractThe largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides is a very valuable fish species for aquaculture and sport fishing; however, there are no systematic studies on fish metazoan parasites in Mexico. The main objective of the present study was to describe the prevalence, abundance, and intensity of M. salmoides metazoan parasites, and their association with fish condition factor and gender. The sample size was composed by 672 hosts, collected between 2011-2013 from the following reservoirs of Nuevo Leon, México: Rodrigo Gómez dam (“La Boca”, LB), Cuchillo-Solidaridad dam (CS), Salinillas lagoon (LS), Mariano Escobedo dam (“Sombreretillo”, S), and José López Portillo dam (“Cerro Prieto”, CP). Living fish were transported to the laboratory; sizes and weights were then recorded to calculate the Fulton condition factor (k). If possible, gender was also recorded. Parasites were detected under stereoscopy, recollected and preserved by traditional techniques. Statistical analysis of association between parasitic load, gender, and Fulton condition factor were calculated, using the X2 and the Student-t tests. Results showed that 12 different metazoans were identified, two flukes (Posthodiplostomum minimum centrarchi and Phyllodistomum pearsei), one tapeworm (Proteocephalus ambloplitis), three roundworms (Contracaecum sp., Spinitectus carolini and Philometra nodulosa), two acantocephalan (Neoechinorhynchus cylindratus and Arhythmorhynchus sp.), one leech (Myzobdella moorei), and three copepods (Ergasilus versicolor; Ergasilus arthrosis and Ergasilus cerastes). HSD Tukey test showed that infected fish from LB were significantly different than LS, CS, CP, and S (P<0.05). Parasites most commonly collected in all five locations were P. m. centrarchi, Contracaecum sp. and E. versicolor. The frequency of P. m. centrarchi was highly significant (P<0.001) than other parasites; furthermore, this parasite showed the highest prevalence (97.5 %), abundance (10.12-83.6), and intensity (15.44-88.5). Statistical dependence was found between intensity and abundance of metazoans with regard to female gender and size on five reservoirs (t=143.82, P=0.0001; t=2.6, P=0.01, respectively). In addition, the abundance and intensity showed statistical dependence with regard to k, which was proportionally significant. New locality records for Nuevo Leon include P. m. centrarchi, P. pearsei, P. ambloplitis,Contracaecum sp., Arhythmorhynchus sp., and E. cerastes. Furthermore, P. nodulosa, S. carolini, N. cylindratus, and E. arthrosis were new records for Mexico. Rev. Biol. Trop. 64 (2): 559-569. Epub 2016 June 01.

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OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in postmenopausal women with and without the metabolic syndrome (METS) and to explore levels of circulating biomarkers of inflammation, vascular and metabolic dysfunction according to SNP genotypes. METHODS: DNA was extracted from the whole blood of 192 natural postmenopausal women (40 to 65 years) screened for the METS and tested for three gene SNPs related to obesity: the fat mass obesity (FTO: rs9939609) and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR: C677T and A1298C). Blood levels of angiopoietin, IL-8, sFASL, IL-6, TNF-α, sCD40L, PAI-1, u-PA, leptin, adiponectin, resistin, ghrelin, visfatin, adipsin and insulin were measured in a subgroup, with and without the METS, using multiplex technology (n = 100) and compared according to SNP genotypes. RESULTS: Genotype frequency of the three studied SNPs did not differ in relation to the presence of the METS. However, genotypes CT+TT (C677T) and AT (rs9939609) were more prevalent in women with high triglyceride levels. Pooled sub-analysis (n = 100) found that median sCD40L and visfatin levels were higher in women with genotypes AT+TT (rs9939609) as compared to AA (1178 vs. 937.0 pg/mL and 0.93 vs. 0.43 ng/mL, respectively, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Two SNP genotypes related to obesity were more prevalent in women with abnormal triglyceride levels and two vascular and inflammatory serum markers were higher in relation to the rs9939609 SNP.

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The largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides is a very valuable fish species for aquaculture and sport fishing; however, there are no systematic studies on fish metazoan parasites in Mexico. The main objective of the present study was to describe the prevalence, abundance, and intensity of M. salmoides metazoan parasites, and their association with fish condition factor and gender. The sample size was composed by 672 hosts, collected between 2011-2013 from the following reservoirs of Nuevo Leon, México: Rodrigo Gómez dam ("La Boca", LB), Cuchillo-Solidaridad dam (CS), Salinillas lagoon (LS), Mariano Escobedo dam ("Sombreretillo", S), and José López Portillo dam ("Cerro Prieto", CP). Living fish were transported to the laboratory; sizes and weights were then recorded to calculate the Fulton condition factor (k). If possible, gender was also recorded. Parasites were detected under stereoscopy, recollected and preserved by traditional techniques. Statistical analysis of association between parasitic load, gender, and Fulton condition factor were calculated, using the X2 and the Student-t tests. Results showed that 12 different metazoans were identified, two flukes (Posthodiplostomum minimum centrarchi and Phyllodistomum pearsei), one tapeworm (Proteocephalus ambloplitis), three roundworms (Contracaecum sp., Spinitectus carolini and Philometra nodulosa), two acantocephalan (Neoechinorhynchus cylindratus and Arhythmorhynchus sp.), one leech (Myzobdella moorei), and three copepods (Ergasilus versicolor; Ergasilus arthrosis and Ergasilus cerastes). HSD Tukey test showed that infected fish from LB were significantly different than LS, CS, CP, and S (P<0.05). Parasites most commonly collected in all five locations were P. m. centrarchi, Contracaecum sp. and E. versicolor. The frequency of P. m. centrarchi was highly significant (P<0.001) than other parasites; furthermore, this parasite showed the highest prevalence (97.5 %), abundance (10.12-83.6), and intensity (15.44-88.5). Statistical dependence was found between intensity and abundance of metazoans with regard to female gender and size on five reservoirs (t=143.82, P=0.0001; t=2.6, P=0.01, respectively). In addition, the abundance and intensity showed statistical dependence with regard to k, which was proportionally significant. New locality records for Nuevo Leon include P. m. centrarchi, P. pearsei, P. ambloplitis, Contracaecum sp., Arhythmorhynchus sp., and E. cerastes. Furthermore, P. nodulosa, S. carolini, N. cylindratus, and E. arthrosis were new records for Mexico.

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The definitive diagnosis of brucellosis requires isolation of the agent, although negative isolation does not rule out the infection. In contrast, serological testing is more sensitive and, therefore, preferred in clinical practice. The majority of reported cases around the world were caused by Brucella melitensis, B. abortus, B. suis and B. canis. The first three species contain O-polysaccharide (OPS) on the cell surface, but B. canis contains no measurable OPS on the rough lipopolysaccharide (R-LPS). A universal indirect enzyme immunoassay for the detection of serum antibody to smooth and rough Brucella spp. in both normal (u-IELISA®) and rapid forms (R-u-IELISA®) has been developed, and, therefore, the potential use of this method was assessed in comparison to cELISA, conventional tests, IELISA and RSAT on a total of 478 sera. The 77 sera from blood donors with no clinical or epidemiological evidence of brucellosis and negative serological tests showed a specificity of 100 % for both u-IELISA® and R-u-IELISA®, with a cut-off value of %P 24 and %P 18, respectively. Sera from 49 culture-positive cases (16 B. suis, 15 B. abortus, 12 B. melitensis and 6 B. canis) yielded a sensitivity of 98 % for u-IELISA® and 95.9 % for R-u-IELISA®. In general, u-IELISA® showed good correlation with cELISA and IELISA for the detection of antibodies to smooth and rough Brucella strains, as well as for monitoring patients during treatment, but R-u-IELISA® seems to need additional optimisation. u-IELISA® is simple to perform and could be a suitable test for field laboratories and hospitals lacking skilled personnel.

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