RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence rates of the different HPV types in cervical cancer lesions in Chile to facilitate the development of prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines effective for that country. METHOD: Biopsy samples of 312 cervical cancer lesions were assessed for HPV type by reverse-line blotting assay. RESULTS: HPV DNA was found in 94.2% of the lesions, 67.2% harboring 1 viral type and the remainder harboring more than 1 type. HPV-16 was the most frequent type in single infections (50.5%), followed by HPV-18 (7.8%), HPV-31 (2.4%), and HPV-45 (2.0%). HPV-16 was also present in 98.7% of dual and multiple infections, its most frequent association being with HPV-18. CONCLUSIONS: HPV types 16, 18, 31, and 45, alone or combined with other types, were observed in the biopsy samples of up to 80.5% of cervical cancer lesions.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/virologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/virologia , Papillomavirus Humano 16/isolamento & purificação , Papillomavirus Humano 18/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/virologia , Adenocarcinoma/epidemiologia , Adulto , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiologia , Chile/epidemiologia , DNA Viral/análise , Feminino , Genótipo , Papillomavirus Humano 16/genética , Papillomavirus Humano 18/genética , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções por Papillomavirus/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Melanoma/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Perna (Membro)RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To compare changes in mammographic density and the expression of markers of proliferation (Ki67) and apoptosis (Bcl-2) after 1 year of treatment with tibolone and continuous conjugated equine estrogens combined with medroxyprogesterone acetate (CEE-MPA). DESIGN: Comparative, randomized, evaluator-blinded study. SETTING: City research hospital. PATIENT(S): Thirty-seven postmenopausal women. INTERVENTION(S): Tibolone (2.5 mg; n = 18) or continuous conjugated estrogens (0.625 mg) combined with medroxyprogesterone acetate (5 mg; n = 19) for 1 year. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Mammographic density (BI-RADS density score), expression of immunohistochemical markers Ki67 and Bcl-2. RESULT(S): Mean breast density score decreased significantly from 2.22 to 1.67 in the tibolone group, compared with a significant increase in the CEE-MPA-treated group from 1.84 to 2.63. Ki67 expression decreased in 12 of 15, increased in 2 of 15, and remained unchanged in 1 of 15 subjects in the tibolone group, compared with 1 of 19, 15 of 19, and 3 of 19 subjects, respectively, in the CEE-MPA group. Bcl-2 expression decreased in 12 of 15, increased in 2 of 15, and remained unchanged in 1 of 15 subjects in the tibolone group, compared with 5 of 19, 9 of 19, and 5 of 19 subjects, respectively, in the CEE-MPA group. CONCLUSION(S): One-year treatment with tibolone induced a decrease in breast density, with a reduction in proliferation and a stimulation of apoptosis, whereas 1-year treatment with CEE-MPA induced an increase in breast density, with stimulation of proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis, indicating that tibolone effects on the breast are different from those of CEE-MPA.
Assuntos
Mama/metabolismo , Estrogênios Conjugados (USP)/uso terapêutico , Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Mamografia , Acetato de Medroxiprogesterona/uso terapêutico , Norpregnenos/uso terapêutico , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/análise , Mama/efeitos dos fármacos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pós-Menopausa , Método Simples-CegoRESUMO
We report a 78 year old male with prostatism, that was subjected to a prostate biopsy. The pathological study showed a microvascular lymphocytic infiltration. Four months later, the patients presented with reduced alertness, cough, dyspnea, fever and elevation of lactic dehydrogenase and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Chest and abdominal CAT scans, bone marrow aspirate, protein electrophoresis and prostate specific antigen were normal. A re-evaluation of prostate biopsy showed an intravascular lymphoid infiltration, positive for CD45 and CD20, compatible with the diagnosis of intravascular lymphoma. Chemotherapy was started, but it was not tolerated by the patient and the response was partial. Therefore, treatment with monoclonal antibodies anti CD20 (Rituximab) was started. The tumor had a complete and prolonged (24 months) remission after the treatment
Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Vasculares/tratamento farmacológico , Idoso , Anticorpos Monoclonais Murinos , Antígenos CD20/análise , Biópsia , Humanos , Masculino , Hiperplasia Prostática/patologia , Rituximab , Neoplasias Vasculares/patologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: We report a case of prostatic utricle cyst complicated with giant lithiasis. METHOD/RESULTS: A 42 year old man with history of surgery for bilateral cryptorchidism and hypospadias in his infancy, presented with initial and terminal hematuria and a digital rectal examination showing a rocky, smooth enlargement of the anterior rectal wall. Prostatic specific antigen was normal. Transrectal and transabdominal ultrasound showed a large retrovesical calcification and intravenous pyelogram showed normality of the upper urinary tract. The patient underwent a complete resection through a suprapubic extraperitoneal approach without complications. Histopathology revealed a 10 cm long prostatic utricle cyst complicated with lithiasis. CONCLUSIONS: The prostatic utricle cysts are rare in clinical practice and associate with anomalies of testicular descent and hypospadias. They have a difficult differential diagnosis and indication for treatment depends on presenting symptoms, size and complications.
Assuntos
Cálculos/complicações , Cistos/complicações , Doenças Prostáticas/complicações , Doenças Uretrais/complicações , Adulto , Criptorquidismo/complicações , Criptorquidismo/cirurgia , Hematúria/etiologia , Humanos , Hipospadia/complicações , Hipospadia/cirurgia , Infertilidade Masculina/etiologia , Masculino , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Prostatite/etiologia , Sistema Urogenital/embriologiaAssuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Leiomiossarcoma , Tumor de Músculo Liso/complicações , LeiomiossarcomaRESUMO
La enfermedad de Paget mamaria es una neoplasia de carácter maligno, desarrollada principalmente en la areola mamaria y pezón, que se diagnostica por sus características histológicas específicas. Se considera una manifestación cutánea de un carcinoma subyacente, ya que en casi todos los casos se detecta una neoplasia maligna mamaria. La enfermedad de Paget extramamaria es una neoplasia intraepidérmica que se ubica en zonas donde existen glándulas apocrinas. Esta entidad se diferencia de la enfermedad de Paget mamaria en cuanto a su histogénesis, características tintoriales y frecuencia relativa de carcinomas subyacentes. En este artículo se describen las características más importantes de ambas entidades.
Paget's disease of the breast, diagnosed by specific histologic characteristics, is a malignant neoplasm that develops mainly in the areola and nipple. It is considered a cutaneous manifestation of an underlying carcinoma because a malignant neoplasm is almost always detected. Paget's extramammary disease is an intraepidermal neoplasm that is located in apocrine gland regions. This entity differs from Paget's mammary disease with respect to its histogenesis, staining qualities and relative frequency of underlying carcinomas. In this article we describe the most important characteristics of the both entities.
Assuntos
Humanos , Neoplasias da Mama , Doença de Paget Extramamária/patologia , Doença de Paget Mamária/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Doença de Paget Extramamária/diagnóstico , Doença de Paget Extramamária/terapia , Doença de Paget Mamária/diagnóstico , Doença de Paget Mamária/terapia , TerminologiaRESUMO
El objetivo de este artículo es demostrar el valor de la biopsia mamaria estereotóxica digital (BED) en el manejo de las lesiones no palpables de la mama. Desde enero de 1997 a enero del 2000, se realizaron 826 biopsias estereotáxicas en 741 pacientes. Todos los procedimientos fueron realizados por el mismo médico y analizados por un solo patólogo. En 463 pacientes, se utilizó una pistola de Manan de 2,2 cm, con aguja de 14 Gauge y un mínimo de 5 muestras o cores por lesión. En 363 casos, se utilizó el sistema Mamatome con aguja de 11 Gauge y un mínimo de 10 cores por lesión. Todas las lesiones dignosticadas con mamografía convensional eran consideradas para una biopsia radioquirúrgica o cirugía tradicional. Los resultados histológicos se clasificaron en lesiones benignas 82 por ciento, premalignas o alto riesgo 6 por ciento, carcinomas 11 por ciento y no concluyentes 1 por ciento. El procedimiento no tuvo complicaciones y no hubo falsos positivos. La biopsia esteroetáxica digital es un procedimiento seguro, confiable, ambulatorio y de menor costo que la cirugía tradicional (1,2,5)
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Biópsia por Agulha , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Biópsia por Agulha/instrumentação , Neoplasias da Mama , Ultrassonografia MamáriaAssuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Seminoma/patologia , Neoplasias Testiculares/patologia , OrquiectomiaRESUMO
Presentamos el primer caso de cirugía endoscópica fetal realizado en nuestro país en un caso de embarazo gemelar complicado con la denominada secuencia de perfusión arterial reversa (secuencia TRAP) en el que se realizó ligadura del cordón umbilical del feto acardio-acéfalo a las 26 semanas de gestación