RESUMO
The "araçá-pera" (Psidium acutangulum DC) is an exotic guava consumed by the Brazilian Amazon population. This paper describes 22 compounds from this fruit by UHPLC-HRMS and NMR methods, being one disaccharide, five monosaccharides, two organic acids, one trihydroxycinnamic acid glucopyranosyl, one tannine digalloyl glucopyranosyl, five triterpenoid acids, and six fatty acids. It also quantifies the level of ascorbic acid (AA) by HPLC-MS (74.32±1.23mg/100g of fresh fruit), and defines the chemical antioxidant activities by DPPH and ABTS+ assays (24.96±0.75, 90.57±0.63mg of vitamin C/100g fresh fruit, respectively), and a cell-based assays (76-100%). These results have shown that this exotic guava can be consumed as a nutraceutical ingredient, as well as be used in the production of functional foods in the Amazonian diet to prevent chronic and oxidative diseases.
RESUMO
SETTING: Host defense factors may influence the development of active tuberculosis (TB). OBJECTIVE: To test variants in solute carrier family 11A, member 1 (SLC11A1), for an association with TB. METHODS: A mixed case-control study of TB cases, relatives or close contact controls, consisting of 474 African-Americans (243 families) and 381 Caucasians (192 families), examined 13 SLC11A1 polymorphisms for association with pulmonary TB using generalized estimating equations adjusting for age and sex. RESULTS: Two associations were observed in Caucasians (rs3731863, P = 0.03, and rs17221959, P = 0.04) and one in African-Americans (rs3731865, P = 0.05). Multilocus analyses between polymorphisms in SLC11A1 and 11 TB candidate genes detected interactions between SLC11A1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2A) in Caucasians (rs3731863 [SLC11A1] x rs8073782 [NOS2A], P = 0.009; rs3731863 [SLC11A1] x rs17722851 [NOS2A], P = 0.007) and toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in African-Americans (rs3731865 [SLC11A1] x rs1816702, P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: No association was detected with 5'(GT)(n) promoter polymorphism previously associated with lower SLC11A1 expression, rs17235409 (D543N), or rs17235416 (3' TGTG insertion/deletion polymorphism). SLC11A1 polymorphism rs3731865 was associated with TB in African-Americans, consistent with previous findings in West Africans. These results suggest that variants in SLC11A1 increase susceptibility to pulmonary TB and interact with other variants that differ by race.