RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence and morphological characteristics of DI using CBCT. METHODS: A literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria were randomized clinical trials, cross-sectional studies, and prospective and retrospective cohort studies evaluating the morphological characteristics of DI in anterior teeth using CBCT. Three reviewer authors independently screened the studies, applied the eligibility criteria, assessed the risk of bias, and extracted until September (2022). The risk of bias was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute criteria. Meta-analyses of proportions were used for estimate the prevalence DI according to factors at participant and tooth levels. RESULTS: Six studies were included in the meta-analysis. Among 7373 individuals, a prevalence of 7.45 % of DI was observed (n = 258; τ2 = 0.0096; CI of 4.51-11.3; p < 0.05), with no significant influence of sex. Regarding laterality, unilateral DI showed higher mean prevalence (4.30 %; CI of 2.03-7.33). Among the 382 anterior teeth with DI (0.72 %), the most affected tooth was the upper lateral incisor (5.12 %; n = 329; CI of 2.35-8.86; p < 0.001), type I was the most prevalent (0.59 %; CI of 0.24-1.08) and the presence of open apex and periradicular pathology ranged from 4.3 % to 22.72 % and 3.5-77.92 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of individuals with dens invaginatus was 7.45 %, the most affect tooth was the upper lateral incisor with a prevalence of 5.12 % unilaterally and type I was the most prevalent morphology.
Assuntos
Dens in Dente , Tratamento do Canal Radicular , Humanos , Dens in Dente/diagnóstico por imagem , Dens in Dente/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos Transversais , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe CônicoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To compare the root filling quality, the sealer extrusion, and the healing rates of apical lesions addressed via two endodontic treatment approaches. The hypothesis tested was that both techniques present similar apical periodontitis healing results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was a parallel-design, pragmatic, and randomized clinical trial. One hundred twenty anterior teeth with necrotic pulps and apical periodontitis were randomly allocated to be either instrumented with hand files and obturated with the lateral compaction technique or instrumented with a single file in a reciprocating movement and obturated with a single-cone technique. The root canal filling quality, the occurrence of sealer extrusion, and apical periodontitis healing were the outcomes of interest. Data were analyzed through chi-square analysis, and the odds ratio for healing was adjusted using a logistic regression model (α = 0.05). RESULTS: No significant differences were observed between the endodontic techniques regarding the root filling quality or sealer extrusion. Six months after treatment, both endodontic techniques presented equivalent results regarding apical periodontitis healing. The healing rate was affected only by the periapical status at baseline. CONCLUSIONS: The obturation of the root canal of the anterior teeth using reciprocating file-matched single cones presented a similar quality to that obtained with manual instrumentation followed by the lateral condensation technique. Similar healing rates of apical lesions were also observed. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: For treating anterior teeth with apical periodontitis, a reciprocating single-file, single-treatment protocol was as effective as a traditional protocol combining hand instrumentation and the lateral compaction obturation technique.
Assuntos
Periodontite Periapical , Materiais Restauradores do Canal Radicular , Preparo de Canal Radicular , Humanos , Periodontite Periapical/terapia , Obturação do Canal Radicular , Tratamento do Canal RadicularRESUMO
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the composite shade and distance from the light-curing unit (LCU) tip on the irradiance reaching the bottom of composite disks and on the depth of polymerization. Composites of three shades (opaque - OXDC, bleach - BXL, and A2) were inserted into molds with 3-mm of thickness positioned over a spectrometer and photo-activated with the LCU (Bluephase) tip placed at 0 or 1 cm from the composite surface. The mean irradiance reaching the bottom of composite was recorded during the entire photo-activation (30 s). Specimens (2 x 2 x 4 mm) were polymerized and used to map the degree of conversion achieved in different depths from irradiated surface. Specimens were sectioned into slices that were positioned over the platform of the infra-red microscope connected to the spectrometer to map the conversion. The conversion was measured in eight different depths every 500-µm. Increasing the distance of LCU tip reduced the irradiance only for A2. Interposing OXDC disks resulted in lowest values of irradiance and A2 the highest one. A tendency to decrease the conversion was observed towards the bottom of specimens for all experimental conditions, and the slope was more accentuated for OXDC. Differences among shades and distances from LCU tip were evident only beyond 1.5-2.0 mm of depth. In conclusion, both composite shade and distance from LCU tip might affect the light-transmission and depth of polymerization, while the effect of last was more pronounced.
Assuntos
Resinas Compostas/química , Lâmpadas de Polimerização Dentária , Técnicas In Vitro , Polimerização , Propriedades de SuperfícieRESUMO
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the composite shade and distance from the light-curing unit (LCU) tip on the irradiance reaching the bottom of composite disks and on the depth of polymerization. Composites of three shades (opaque - OXDC, bleach - BXL, and A2) were inserted into molds with 3-mm of thickness positioned over a spectrometer and photo-activated with the LCU (Bluephase) tip placed at 0 or 1 cm from the composite surface. The mean irradiance reaching the bottom of composite was recorded during the entire photo-activation (30 s). Specimens (2 x 2 x 4 mm) were polymerized and used to map the degree of conversion achieved in different depths from irradiated surface. Specimens were sectioned into slices that were positioned over the platform of the infra-red microscope connected to the spectrometer to map the conversion. The conversion was measured in eight different depths every 500-µm. Increasing the distance of LCU tip reduced the irradiance only for A2. Interposing OXDC disks resulted in lowest values of irradiance and A2 the highest one. A tendency to decrease the conversion was observed towards the bottom of specimens for all experimental conditions, and the slope was more accentuated for OXDC. Differences among shades and distances from LCU tip were evident only beyond 1.5-2.0 mm of depth. In conclusion, both composite shade and distance from LCU tip might affect the light-transmission and depth of polymerization, while the effect of last was more pronounced.
Resumo Este estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito da cor do compósito e da distância da ponta do aparelho fotopolimerizador (AFP) na irradiância alcançando a base do disco de compósito e na profundidade de polimerização. Compósitos de três cores (opaca - OXDC, clareado - BXL, e A2) foram inseridos em moldes com 3 mm de espessura posicionados sobre um espectrômetro e fotoativados com a ponta do AFP (Bluephase) colocada a 0 ou 1 cm da superfície do compósito. A irradiância média alcançando a base do compósito foi registrada durante toda a fotoativação (30 s). Amostras (2 x 2 x 4 mm) de compósito polimerizado também foram confeccionadas e usada para mapear o grau de conversão obtido em diferentes profundidades da superfície irradiada. As amostras foram seccionadas em fatias que foram posicionadas sobre a plataforma de um microscópio infra-vermelho conectado ao espectrômetro para mapear a conversão. A conversão foi mensurada em oito diferentes profundidades com 500-µm entre elas. Aumentando a distância da ponta do AFP reduziu a irradiância apenas para A2. Interpondo discos de OXDC resultou em menores valores de irradiância e A2 nos maiores. Uma tendência de redução na conversão foi observada em direção a base das amostras para todas as condições experimentais, com uma redução mais acentuada para OXDC. Diferenças entre as cores e distâncias da ponta do AFP foram evidentes apenas a partir de 1,2-2,0 mm de profundidade. Como conclusão, tanto a cor do compósito como a distância da ponta do AFP podem afetar a transmissão de luz e a profundidade de polimerização, enquanto que o efeito do último foi mais pronunciado.
Assuntos
Resinas Compostas/química , Lâmpadas de Polimerização Dentária , Propriedades de Superfície , Técnicas In Vitro , PolimerizaçãoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: 1) to determine the moment during the redox polymerization reaction of dual cure cements at which to photo-activate the material in order to reduce the polymerization stress, and 2) to evaluate possible synergistic effects between adding chain transfer agents and delayed photo-activation. METHODS: The two pastes of an experimental dual-cure material were mixed, and the polymerization kinetics of the redox phase was followed. The moment when the material reached its maximum rate of redox polymerization (MRRP) of cement was determined. The degree of conversion (DC) and maximum rates of polymerization (Rpmax) were assessed for materials where: the photoactivation immediately followed material mixing, at MRRP, 1min before and 1min after MRRP. Thio-urethane (TU) additives were synthesized and added to the cement (20% wt), which was then cured under the same conditions. The polymerization kinetics was evaluated for both cements photo-activated immediately or at MRRP, followed by measurements of polymerization stress, flexural strength (FS) and elastic modulus (EM). Knoop hardness was measured before and after ethanol storage. RESULTS: Photo-activating the cement at or after MRRP reduced the Rpmax and the polymerization stress. Addition of TU promoted additional and more significant reduction, while not affecting the Rpmax. Greater hardness loss was observed for cements with TU, but the final hardness was similar for all experimental conditions. Addition of TU slightly reduced the EM and did not affect the FS. CONCLUSION: Delayed photo-activation and addition of TU significantly reduce the polymerization stress of dual-cured cements.
Assuntos
Cura Luminosa de Adesivos Dentários , Polimerização/efeitos da radiação , Cimentos de Resina/efeitos da radiação , Autocura de Resinas Dentárias , Uretana/química , Uretana/efeitos da radiação , Compostos de Bário/química , Compostos de Bário/uso terapêutico , Bis-Fenol A-Glicidil Metacrilato/química , Bis-Fenol A-Glicidil Metacrilato/efeitos da radiação , Hidroxitolueno Butilado , Módulo de Elasticidade , Dureza , Cinética , Teste de Materiais , Metacrilatos/química , Metacrilatos/efeitos da radiação , Oxirredução , Projetos Piloto , Polietilenoglicóis/química , Polietilenoglicóis/efeitos da radiação , Ácidos Polimetacrílicos/química , Ácidos Polimetacrílicos/efeitos da radiação , Dióxido de Silício/química , Dióxido de Silício/uso terapêutico , Estresse Mecânico , Propriedades de Superfície , Resistência à Tração , Fatores de Tempo , para-AminobenzoatosRESUMO
Despite several advantages associated with pre-fabricated glass-fiber posts, the coronal portion of these posts must be cut to allow their use in various clinical situations. However, cutting the cemented post can generate stress on the bonding interface and affect the bond strength. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect the of fiber post cutting on the bond strength of root canals. Sixty bovine incisor roots were included in resin cylinders with simulated periodontal ligaments. Glass-fiber posts were luted using regular resin cement RelyX ARC (3M ESPE) or self-adhesive cement RelyX Unicem (3M ESPE). The posts were cut prior to cementation, immediately after luting or after building up the core (n=10). After storage for 24 h, the samples were cut and subject to push-out testing using a mechanical testing machine (EMIC DL 2000). Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA (resin cement x moment of post cutting) and Tukey's post hoc test (α=0.05). The moment of fiber post cutting did not affect the bond strength when Unicem was used. However, the bond strength was reduced when ARC was used and when the post was cut immediately. In conclusion, the moment of fiber post cutting may affect the retention of root canal posts when a regular resin cement is used.
Assuntos
Bis-Fenol A-Glicidil Metacrilato/química , Polietilenoglicóis/química , Ácidos Polimetacrílicos/química , Técnica para Retentor Intrarradicular/instrumentação , Cimentos de Resina/química , Animais , Bovinos , Colagem Dentária , Análise do Estresse Dentário , Dentina , Vidro , Técnicas In Vitro , IncisivoRESUMO
Despite several advantages associated with pre-fabricated glass-fiber posts, the coronal portion of these posts must be cut to allow their use in various clinical situations. However, cutting the cemented post can generate stress on the bonding interface and affect the bond strength. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect the of fiber post cutting on the bond strength of root canals. Sixty bovine incisor roots were included in resin cylinders with simulated periodontal ligaments. Glass-fiber posts were luted using regular resin cement RelyX ARC (3M ESPE) or self-adhesive cement RelyX Unicem (3M ESPE). The posts were cut prior to cementation, immediately after luting or after building up the core (n=10). After storage for 24 h, the samples were cut and subject to push-out testing using a mechanical testing machine (EMIC DL 2000). Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA (resin cement x moment of post cutting) and Tukey's post hoc test (α=0.05). The moment of fiber post cutting did not affect the bond strength when Unicem was used. However, the bond strength was reduced when ARC was used and when the post was cut immediately. In conclusion, the moment of fiber post cutting may affect the retention of root canal posts when a regular resin cement is used.
Apesar das diversas vantagens associadas aos pinos de fibra de vidro pré-fabricados, o corte da sua porção coronária deve ser realizado para permitir seu uso em algumas situações clínicas. Entretanto, o corte do pino cimentado pode gerar tensões na interface adesiva e afetar a resistência de união. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do momento do corte do pino na resistência de união ao canal radicular. Sessenta raízes de incisivos bovinos foram incluídas em cilindros de resina com simulação do ligamento periodontal. Pinos de fibra de vidro foram cimentados utilizando um cimento resinoso convencional RelyX ARC (3M ESPE) ou autoadesivo RelyX Unicem (3M ESPE). Os pinos foram cortados previamente à cimentação, imediatamente após a cimentação, ou após a reconstrução do núcleo de preenchimento (n=10). Após o armazenamento por 24 h, as amostras foram seccionadas e submetidas ao ensaio de cisalhamento por extrusão utilizando máquina de ensaio mecânico (EMIC DL 2000). Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA dois fatores (cimento resinoso x momento do corte do pino) e teste de Tukey (=0,05). O momento do corte do pino de fibra de vidro não afetou a resistência de união quando o RelyX Unicem foi utilizado. No entanto, o corte do pino imediatamente após a cimentação reduziu os valores de resistência de união quando o RelyX ARC foi utilizado. Em conclusão, o momento do corte do pino pode afetar a resistência de união ao canal radicular quando o cimento resinoso convencional for utilizado.
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Bis-Fenol A-Glicidil Metacrilato/química , Polietilenoglicóis/química , Ácidos Polimetacrílicos/química , Técnica para Retentor Intrarradicular/instrumentação , Cimentos de Resina/química , Colagem Dentária , Análise do Estresse Dentário , Dentina , Vidro , Técnicas In Vitro , IncisivoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to adapt a previously developed in vitro microcosm biofilm model to create carries-affected dentin (CAD) and establish conditions for using the model in bonding studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Biofilms were originated from human saliva and grown on dentin discs for 0 (sound dentin), 3, 5, 7, 14, or 21 days under intermittent cariogenic condition (n = 10). At each time point, composite cylinders were bonded to the dentin using self-etch adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond). The response variables were integrated mineral loss (ΔS), lesion depth (LD), shear bond strength (SBS), and failure mode. Data were statistically analyzed (α = 0.05). Bonded interfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dentin surfaces characterized by infrared spectroscopy (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, FTIR). RESULTS: Lower ΔS was found for sound dentin than for CAD in all experimental groups, except for the group under cariogenic challenge for 3 days. The SBS to CAD was significantly lower than control for all cariogenic challenge times. Adhesive failures were predominant in all groups. ΔS and LD had a significant negative correlation with SBS. A significant exponential decay in SBS was associated with increased ΔS values. CAD had lower mineral and amide I content and an irregular hybridization interface compared to sound dentin. CONCLUSIONS: The microcosm biofilm model was able to artificially induce CAD, which imposed challenge to the bonding of the polymeric adhesive material. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Presence of CAD might interfere with the bonding of polymeric materials. The microcosm biofilm model proposed could be useful for preclinical dentin bonding studies.
Assuntos
Biofilmes , Colagem Dentária , Cárie Dentária/microbiologia , Falha de Restauração Dentária , Adesivos Dentinários/química , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Teste de Materiais , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Cimentos de Resina , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Propriedades de Superfície , Desmineralização do DenteAssuntos
Humanos , Cimentos Dentários/química , Colagem Dentária , Infiltração Dentária/classificação , Materiais Restauradores do Canal Radicular/química , Preparo de Canal Radicular/instrumentação , Preparo de Canal Radicular/métodos , Cimentos de Ionômeros de Vidro/química , Corantes , Compostos de Alumínio/química , Compostos de Cálcio/química , Espectrofotometria/métodos , Teste de Materiais , Óxidos/química , Silicatos/química , Sulfato de Cálcio/química , Sulfato de Zinco/químicaRESUMO
The filling material remaining after post space preparation may not be enough to prevent the contamination of periapical tissues when the root canal is exposed to saliva. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate leakage through three different materials used as barriers over the remaining filling. Thirty-two human premolars were selected for this study. Following the endodontic treatment, post spaces were prepared, leaving 4 mm of filling material. A barrier 1 mm high was placed over the filling material using Cotosol, VitoFil or MTA (n = 8). Absence of barrier was used as control. The specimens were immersed in 2% methylene blue dye for 12 hours, after which they were sectioned immediately below the barriers and the apical portions were ground into powder in a mill for hard tissues. The powder was immersed in absolute alcohol to dilute the dye and then the dye concentration was analyzed using an absorbance spectrophotometer. Dye concentration was classified according to scores from 0 to 4, and the scores were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Tukey's post-hoc tests (alpha = 0.05). Only Cotosol and MTA reduced the leakage when compared to control. Vitrofil showed leakage values similar to both MTA and control, but higher than Cotosol. In conclusion, the material used as a barrier can have an effect on leakage through the remaining filling material.