RESUMO
PURPOSE: Androgen receptor (AR) splice variant 7 (AR-V7) has been related with both a higher risk of prostate cancer (PC) progression and differential responsiveness to hormonal agents versus chemotherapy. The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a novel capillary nano-immunoassay in assessing AR-V7 in plasma from PC patients. METHODS: Patients with either localized or advanced PC were included in the study. Assessment of AR-V7 in plasma was performed through a capillary nano-immunoassay platform. Correlation with clinical data, stem cell biomarkers (such as CD133+), AR amplification and PTEN status was identified. RESULTS: The study included 72 PC patients. AR-V7 signal was detected in 21 (29%) patients: 17 (81%) had a Gleason score ≥7, 15 (71%) castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), 18 (86%) metastatic disease and PSA (median) high than AR-V7 negative (p < 0.05). CD133 was expressed in 69 (96%) patients. The median CD133+ expression in circulating tumor cells CTCs was higher among the 21 AR-V7 positive cases versus AR-V7 negative (7 vs. 3). Androgen Receptor and PTEN fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on CD133+ captured cells were performed: 37 cases showed ≥four CD133+ CTCs, of which 81% showed an increased AR copy number. This percentage was similar in both AR-V7-positive and AR-V7-negative patients. A total of 68% of the cases showed deletion of PTEN: 70% were ARV-7 positive vs. 67%, which were AR-V7 negative. CONCLUSIONS: Assessing the presence of AR-V7 in plasma from PC patients is feasible by a novel capillary nano-immunoassay. AR-V7 was observed in 29% of the tumors and is more frequent in aggressive tumors.
Assuntos
Antígeno AC133/metabolismo , Processamento Alternativo , Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Células Neoplásicas Circulantes/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Próstata/sangue , Receptores Androgênicos/genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Seguimentos , Humanos , Imunoensaio , Masculino , Nanomedicina , Células Neoplásicas Circulantes/patologia , Projetos Piloto , Prognóstico , Neoplasias da Próstata/genética , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: Head and neck cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease comprising a large number of tumors located in the cervicofacial area. This study aimed to determine the epidemiological characteristics of squamous-cell carcinomas of the head and neck in the Spanish population, and the distribution of risk factors based on tumor locations. METHODS/PATIENTS: A cohort of 459 patients (75 oral cavity, 167 oro-/hypopharyngeal and 217 laryngeal cancers) recruited in 19 hospitals participating in the Spanish head and neck cancer cooperative group were included over 3 years (2012-2014). Epidemiological parameters and risk factors were obtained from a self-administered questionnaire, and tumor characteristics were obtained from clinical records. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with tumor location. RESULTS: Most patients were males (88.4 %), smokers (95 %) and drinkers (76.5 %). Relative to laryngeal cancer, pharyngeal cancer and oral cancer were more common in women than men (OR 3.58, p = 0.003 and 4.33, p = 0.001, respectively); pharyngeal cancer was more associated with rural environment (OR 1.81, p = 0.007) and weekly alcohol intake (10-140 g: OR 2.53, p = 0.012; 141-280 g: OR 2.47, p = 0.023; >280 g: OR 3.20, p = 0.001) and less associated with pack-years of smoking (21-40 packs: OR 0.46, p = 0.045; 41-70 packs: OR 0.43, p = 0.023; ≥71 packs: OR 3.20, p = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS: The distribution of these tumors differs between the sexes, with a higher proportion of oral cavity and pharyngeal tumors in women than in men. Oro-/hypopharyngeal cancers were more strongly associated with rural areas and with alcohol consumption, although less strongly associated with smoking than laryngeal tumors.